Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers (한국농공학회논문집)

The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers (한국농공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Analysis of the Disease Spread in a Livestock Building Using Tracer Gas Experiment

추적가스 실험을 통한 축사 내 질병 확산 분석

  • 송상현 (서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 지역시스템공학과 & 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 이인복 (서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 지역시스템공학과 & 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 권경석 (서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 지역시스템공학과 & 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 하태환 (서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 지역시스템공학과 & 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • ;
  • 홍세운 (서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 지역시스템공학과 & 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 서일환 (서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 지역시스템공학과 & 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 문운경 (농림수산검역검사본부 동물방역부 역학조사과) ;
  • 김연주 (농림수산검역검사본부 동물방역부 역학조사과) ;
  • 최은진 (농림수산검역검사본부 동물방역부 바이러스질병과)
  • Received : 2012.03.23
  • Accepted : 2012.05.02
  • Published : 2012.05.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Recently, the livestock industry in Korea was heavily affected by the outbreak of official livestock diseases such as foot and mouse disease, high pathogenic avian influenza, swine influenza, and so on. It has been established that these diseases are being spread through direct contact, droplet and airborne transmission. Among these transmissions, airborne transmission is very complex in conducting field investigation due to the invisibility of the pathogens and unstable weather conditions. In this study, the airborne transmission was thoroughly investigated inside a pig house by conducting tracer gas ($CO_2$) experiment because experiment with real pathogen is limited and dangerous. This is possible as it can be assumed that the flow is similar pattern very fine particles and gas. In the experiment, the ventilation structure as well as the location of gas emission were varied. The $CO_2$ detection sensors were installed at 0.5 and 1.3 m height from the floor surface. The tracer gas level was measured every second. Results revealed that the direction of spread can be determined by the response time. Response time refers to the time to reach 150 ppm from the gas emission source at each measuring points. The location of the main flow as well as the gas emission was also found to be very important factor causing the spread.

Keywords

References

  1. Albina, E., 1997. Epidemiology of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS): An overview. Veterinary Microbiology 55: 309-316. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1135(96)01322-3
  2. Benaim C., 1975. Microculture method for some viable airborne particles. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 55(3): 203-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/0091-6749(75)90017-2
  3. Brockmeier, S. L., Lager, K. M., 2002. Experimental airborne transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Bordetella bronchiseptica. Veterinary Microbiology 89: 267-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1135(02)00204-3
  4. Gao, N. P., Niu J. L., Morawska, L., 2009. Distribution of respiratory droplets in enclosed environments under idfferent air distribution methods. Building Simulations: An International Journal 1(4): 326-335
  5. Gloster, J., Alexandersen, S., 2004. New directions: Airborne transmission of foot-and-mouth disease virus. Atmospheric Environment 38: 503-505. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.10.014
  6. Hyslop N., 1965. Airborne infection with the virus of foot-and-mouth disease. Journal of Comparative Pathology 75: 119-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9975(65)90002-2
  7. Huh, D., Woo, B.J., 2008. Analysis of rural economy change by pig wasting disease. Rural Economy 31: 77-88.
  8. Ijaz M. K., Karim, Y. G., Sattar, S. A., Johnson-Lussenburg, C. M., 1987. Development of methods to study the survival of airborne viruses. Journal of Virological Methods 18: 87-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-0934(87)90114-5
  9. Kim, K. Y., Go, H. J., Kim, C. N., Kim, Y. S., Nho, Y. M., Lee, C. M., 2006. Effect of ventilation rate on air pollutants in the enclosed pig house. Public Health Global Symposium 31: 82-85.
  10. Kristensen, C. S., Botner, A., Takai, H., Nielsen, J. P., Jorsal, S. E., 2004. Experimental airborne transmission of PRRS virus. Veterinary Microbiology 99: 197-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.01.005
  11. Li, Y., Leung, G. M., Tang, J. W., Yang, X., Chao, C. Y. H., Lin, J. Z., Lu, J. W., Nielsen, P. V., Niu, J., Qian, H., Sleigh, A. C., Su, H.-J. J., Sundell, J., Wong, T. W., Yuen, P. L., 2007. Role of ventilation in airborne transmission of infectious agents in the built environment - a multidisciplinary systematic review. Indoor Air 17: 2-18. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.2006.00445.x
  12. Otake, S., Dee, S., Corzo, C., Oliveira, S., Deen, J., 2010. Long distance airborne transport of infectious PRRSV and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae from a swine population infected with multiple viral variants. Veterinary Microbiology 145: 198-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.03.028
  13. Owen, M. K., Ensor, D. S., 1992. Airborne particle sizes and sources found in indoor air. Atmospheric Environment 26(12): 2149-262. https://doi.org/10.1016/0960-1686(92)90403-8
  14. Park, J. H., Lee, K. N., Kim, S. M., Ko, Y. J., Lee, H. S., Kweon, C. H., Yang, C. H., 2008. Molceular epidemiological analysis and recent distribution of foot-and-mouth disease in the world. Korean Society of Veterinary Public Health 32: 61-68.
  15. QIA (Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency), 2012, http://www.qia.go.kr/animal/prevent/ani_pig_footmouth.jsp (2012.02.02 available).
  16. Statistics Korea, 2012, http://kosis.kr/, http://kostat.go.kr/
  17. Yang, B. W., 2011. The agricultural industry outlook, 167-194, E04-2011. Korea Rural Economic Institute.

Cited by

  1. Aerodynamic Approaches for Estimation of Waste Disease Spread in Pig Farm through Airborne Contaminants vol.56, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5389/KSAE.2014.56.1.041