Inhibitory Effects of Campsis grandiflora on HIV-1 reverse Transcriptase, HIV-1 Protease and α-glucosidase

능소화 잎 및 줄기 추출물의 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type I 억제활성

For the elucidation of action mechanism on anti-HIV of natural resources, the extracts of $Campsis$ $grandiflora$ were tested for their inhibitory effects on HIV-1 replication and its essential enzymes as the reverse transcriptase (RT), protease and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase. In the assay of HIV-1-infected human T-cell line, water extracts of stem inhibited the HIV-1-induced cytopathic effects with IC (inhibitory concentration) of 100 ${\mu}g$/ml. Moreover water extracts (100 ${\mu}g$/ml) of stem showed strong activity of 37.9% on anti-HIV-1 RT using Enzyme Linked Oligonucleotide Sorbent Assay (ELOSA) method. In the HIV-1 protease inhibition assay, methanol extracts of stem and leaf extract showed 33.6% and 31.5% inhibition of the enzyme activity to cleave an oligopeptide resembling one of the cleavage sites in the viral polyprotein which can only be processed by HIV-1 protease, but did not exhibited glucosidase inhibitory activities. From these results, it is suggested that the inhibition of the viral replication $in$ $vitro$ is due to the inhibition of reverse transcriptase by water extracts of stem of $Campsis$ $grandiflora$.

능소화 추출물의 HIV-1에 대한 항바이러스 효과를 복제 관련 효소에 대한 억제실험과 바이러스 복제억제 실험을 통하여 살펴보았다. 역전사효소 억제활성을 ELOSA 방법으로 실험한 결과 능소화 줄기의 물 추출물이 100 ${\mu}g$/ml 농도에서 각각 37.9%의 활성을 나타내었고, 능소화 잎과 줄기의 메탄올 추출물에서 33.6% 및 31.5%의 HIV-1 protease 억제활성 나타 내었다. 그리고 HIV-1 복제 억제활성은 MT-4 세포에 대한 HIV-1 유도 세포변성억제를 광학현미경으로 관찰하여 살펴본 결과 줄기의 물 추출물이 100 ${\mu}g$/ml 농도에서 HIV-1 바이러스 증식을 완전히 억제하였다.