Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology (한국환경복원기술학회지)

The Korea Society of Environmental Restoration Technology (한국환경복원기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study on the Contexts of Ecosystem Services in the Policymaking Process

정책형성단계에서 생태계서비스에 관한 이론적 고찰

  • Koo, Meehyun (Graduate School, Seoul National University) ;
  • Lee, Dong-Kun (Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering, Seoul National University) ;
  • Jung, Tae-Yong (Asian Development Bank)
  • Received : 2012.06.28
  • Accepted : 2012.10.05
  • Published : 2012.10.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Industrialization and modernization of the $20^{th}$ century have brought convenience to human life. However, such development produced unintentional global environmental issues such as destruction of natural ecosystem through excessive use of the natural environment beyond its capacity. The United National (UN) recognized such global environment issues and coordinated with worldwide experts to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the global ecosystem, "Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA)", to resolve the issues. The UN conducted the MA primarily to comprehend the correlation between the ecosystem and human welfare. The results demonstrated that the ecosystem provides various direct and indirect benefits to human. This new concept was introduced as the "ecosystem services". Introduction of the ecosystem services highlighted the significance of the ecosystem and led to increased research and active discussions among experts from various discipline over the recent 10 years. It has been considered that the ecosystem service concept could be incorporated in policymaking process, as primary criteria to assess and weigh the benefits of using natural resources against the effects on value of the ecosystem. The current policymaking process is affected by the contradicting logics of modernization and preservation of ecosystem. The ecosystem services concept could be the answer to forming a rational policymaking process, allowing for nature preservation while wisely using the available natural resources. The general consensus has been formed on the need of incorporating the ecosystem services concept in the policies and globally various researches on the ecosystem services have been actively conducted. However, introduction of the ecosystem services concept is still at a very early stage and research on real application of the ecosystem services is yet almost nonexistent. Also there are no clear and agreed definition, classification scheme and value appraisal methodology regarding the ecosystem services. Therefore, this research explains the basic concept of the ecosystem services and highlights specific issues for further researches, as further researches on real application of the ecosystem services would find ways for the ecosystem services approach to be valuable in the policymaking process.

Keywords

References

  1. 박동서. 1990. 한국행정론, 법문사, 208-224.
  2. 이시경. 2008. 환경정책의 가치기준에 관한 시론 : 유형화와 체계구성, 환경철학, (7) : 1-30.
  3. Anton, C., Young, J., Harrison, P. A., Musche, M., Bela, G., Feld, C. K., Harrington, R., Haslett, J. R., Pataki, G., Rounsevell, M. D. A., Skourtos, M., Sousa, J. P., Sykes, M. T., Tinch, R., Vandewalle, M., Watt, A., and Settele, J., 2010, Research needs for incorporating the ecosystem service approach into EU biodiversity conservation policy, Biodivers Conserv, 19 : 2979-2994. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-010-9853-6
  4. Boyd, J., and Banzhaf, S., 2007, What are ecosystem services? The need for standardized environmental accounting units, Ecological Economics, 63(2-3) : 616-626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.01.002
  5. Chan, K. M. A., Shaw, M. R., Cameron, D. R., Underwood, E. C., and Daily, G. C., 2006, Conservation planning for ecosystem services, PLoS Biology, 4(11) : 2138-2152.
  6. Costanza, R., D'Arge, R., de Groot, R. S., Farber, S., Grasso, M., Hannon, B., Limburg, K., Naeem, S., O'Neill, R. V., Paruelo, J., Raskin, R. G., Sutton, P., and van den Belt, M., 1997, The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital, Nature, 387 : 253-260. https://doi.org/10.1038/387253a0
  7. Costanza, R., 2008, Ecosystem services : Multiple classification systems are needed, Biological Conservation, 141(2) : 350-352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2007.12.020
  8. Daily, G. C., 1997, Introduction : What are ecosystem services? In : Nature's Services : Societal Dependence on Natural Ecosystems, G.C. Daily (ed.), Island Press, Washington, DC, 1-10.
  9. Daily, G. C., 1999, Developing a scientific basis for managing Earth's life support systems, Conservation Ecology, 3(2) : 14.
  10. Daily, G. C., Soderqvist, T., Aniyar, S., Arrow, K., Dasgupta, P., Ehrlich, P. R., Folke, C., Jansson, A., Jansson, B., Kautsky, N., Levin, S., Lubchenco, J., Mäler, K., Simpson, D., Starrett, D., Tilman, D., and Walker, B., 2000, The value of nature and the nature of value, Science, 289(5478) : 395-396. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.289.5478.395
  11. de Groot, R. S., 1987, Environmental Functions as a Unifying Concept for Ecology and Economics, Environmentalist, 7(2) : 105-109. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02240292
  12. de Groot, R. S., Wilson, M., Boumans, M. J., 2002, A Typology for the Classification, Description and Valuation of Ecosystem Functions, Goods and Services, Ecological Economics, 41 : 393-408. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(02)00089-7
  13. de Groot, R. S., 2006, Function-analysis and valuation as a tool to assess land use conflicts in planning for sustainable, multi-functional landscapes, Landscape Urban Plann, 75 : 175-186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2005.02.016
  14. de Groot, R. S., Alkemade, R., Braat, L., Hein, L., and Willemen, L., 2010, Challenges in integrating the concept of ecosystem services and values in landscape planning, management and decision making, Ecological Complexity, 7 : 260-272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecocom.2009.10.006
  15. Ehrlich, P. R., Ehrlich, A. H., and Holdren, J. P., 1977, Ecoscience : Population, Resources, Environment, San Francisco (W.H. Freeman).
  16. Ehrlich, P. R., Ehrlich, and A. H., 1981, Extinction : the causes and consequences of the disappearance of species, Random House, New York.
  17. Egoh, B., Reyers, B., Rouget, M., Richardson, D. M., Le Maitre, D. C., and van Jaarsveld, A. S., 2008, Mapping ecosystem services for planning and management, Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 127(1-2) : 135-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2008.03.013
  18. Farber, S., Costanza, R., Childers, D. L., Erickson, J., Gross, K., Grove, M., Hopkinson, C. S., Kahn, J., Pincetl, S., Troy, A., Warren, P., and Wilson, M., 2006, Linking ecology and economics for ecosystem management, BioScience, 56(2) : 121-133. https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2006)056[0121:LEAEFE]2.0.CO;2
  19. Fisher, B., and Turner, R. K., 2008, Ecosystem services : Classification for valuation, Biological Conservation, 141(5) : 1167-1169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2008.02.019
  20. Fisher, B., Turner, R. K, and Morling, p., 2009, Defining and classifying ecosystem services for decision making, Ecological economics, 68 : 643-653. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2008.09.014
  21. Geneletti, D., 2011, Reasons and options for integrating ecosystem services in strategic environmental assessment of spatial planning, International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services & Management iFirst, 1-7.
  22. Gimona, A., and Van der Horst, D., 2007, Mapping hotspots of multiple landscape functions : a case study on farmland afforestation in Scotland, Landscape Ecology, 22(8) : 1255-1264. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-007-9105-7
  23. Gomez-Baggethun, E., de Groot, R. S., Lomas, P. L., and Montes, C., 2010, The history of ecosystem services in economic theory and practice : From early notions to markets and payment schemes, Ecological Economics, 69(6) : 1209-1218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.11.007
  24. Haines-Young, R., Watkins, C., Wale, C., and Murdock, A., 2006, Modelling natural capital : The case of landscape restoration on the South Downs, England, Landscape and Urban Planning, 75(3-4) : 244-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2005.02.012
  25. Haines-Young, R., and Potschin, M., 2010, The links between biodiversity, ecosystem service and human well-being, in Raffaelli, D.G. and Frid, C. L. J., eds., Ecosystem Ecology : A New Synthesis, Ecological Reviews, 110-139.
  26. Hein, L., van Koppen, K., de Groot, R. S., and van Ierland, E. C., 2006, Spatial scales, stakeholders and the valuation of ecosystem services, Ecological Economics, 57(2) : 209-228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2005.04.005
  27. Hermann, A., Schleifer, S., and Wrbka, T., 2011, The Concept of Ecosystem Services Regarding Landscape Research : A Review, Living Rev. Landscape Res., 5 : 1-37.
  28. ICSU, UNESCO, UNU, 2008, Ecosystem Change and Human Wellbeing. Research and Monitoring. Report, ICSU, UNESCO and UNU, Paris.
  29. Kremen, C., 2005, Managing ecosystem services : what do we need to know about their ecology, Ecology Letters, 8(5) : 468-479. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00751.x
  30. Layke, C., 2009, Measuring Nature's Benefits : A Preliminary Roadmap for Improving Ecosystem Service Indicators, Washington DC (World Resources Institute).
  31. MA (Millenium Ecosystem Assessment), 2003, Ecosystems and Human Well-being : A Framework for Assessment, Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Series, Washington, DC (Island Press), Google Books.
  32. MA (Millenium Ecosystem Assessment), 2005, Ecosystems and Human Well-being : Multiscale Assessment, Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Series, 4, Washington, DC (Island Press), Google Books.
  33. Maler, K.G., Aniyar, S., and Jansson, A., 2008, Accounting for ecosystem services as a way to understand the requirements for sustainable development, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 105(28) : 9501-9506.
  34. Meyer, B.C., and Grabaum, R., 2008, MULBO : Model framework for multicriteria landscape assessment and optimisation. A support system for spatial land use decisions, Landscape Research, 33(2) : 155-179. https://doi.org/10.1080/01426390801907428
  35. Naidoo, R., and Ricketts, T. H., 2006, Mapping the economic costs and benefits of conservation, PLoS Biology, 4(11) : 2153-2164.
  36. Odum, E. P., 1959, Fundamentals of ecology, Philadelphia : W.B. Saunders Company, 546.
  37. OECD, 2010, Strategic Environmental Assessment and Ecosystem Services.
  38. Perez-Soba, M., Petit, S., Jones, L., Betrand, N., Briquel, V., Omodei-Zorini, L., Contini, C., Helming, K., Farrington, J. H., Mosselo, M. T., Wascher, D., Kienast, F., and de Groot, R. S., 2008, Land use functions-a new conceptual approach to assess the impact of land use changes on land use sustainability through multifunctionality. in: Helming, K., Tabbush, P., and Perez-Soba, M. (Eds.), Sustainability Impact Assessment of Land Use Policies. Springer, Berlin.
  39. TEEB, 2010, The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity : Ecological and Economic Foundations, Kumar, P., ed., London (Earthscan).
  40. Troy, A., and Wilson, M. A., 2006, Mapping ecosystem services : Practical challenges and opportunities in linking GIS and value transfer, Ecological Economics, 60(2) : 435-449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2006.04.007
  41. Turner, R. K., Paavola, J., Cooper, P., Farber, S., Jessamy, V., and Georgiou, S., 2003, Valuing nature : lessons learned and future research directions, Ecological Economics, 46(3) : 493-510. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(03)00189-7
  42. Vihervaara, P., Ronka, M., and Walls. M., 2010, Trends in Ecosystem Service Research : Early Steps and Current Drivers, AMBIO, 39 : 314-324. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-010-0048-x
  43. Wallace, K. J., 2007, Classification of ecosystem services : Problems and solutions, Biological Conservation, 139(3-4) : 235-246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2007.07.015
  44. http：//www.iaia.org
  45. http：//www.rubicode.net

Cited by

  1. Applicability Analysis of Water Provisioning Services Quantification Models of Forest Ecosystem vol.17, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.13087/kosert.2014.17.4.1
  2. Valuation of Cultural Ecosystem Services using the Choice Experiment Method (CE) vol.20, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.34272/forest.2016.20.2.006
  3. The Effects of Evaluation of Ecosystem Services on Environmental Risk Perceptions and Pro - Environmental Behavior Intentions vol.20, pp.4, 2012, https://doi.org/10.34272/forest.2016.20.4.002
  4. 해양환경복원관련 사업에 따른 해역이용협의·영향평가의 문제점 및 개선방안 vol.25, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.7837/kosomes.2019.25.1.034
  5. 습지보호지역을 대상으로 한 문화서비스 평가 연구 vol.22, pp.6, 2019, https://doi.org/10.13087/kosert.2019.22.6.139