Earthquakes and Structures

  • 제3권1호
  • /
  • Pages.37-57
  • /
  • 2012
  • /
  • 2092-7614(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2092-7622(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Seismic behavior of interior RC beam-column joints with additional bars under cyclic loading

  • Lu, Xilin (State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University) ;
  • Urukap, Tonny H. (College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University) ;
  • Li, Sen (College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University) ;
  • Lin, Fangshu (College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University)
  • 투고 : 2011.04.20
  • 심사 : 2011.08.18
  • 발행 : 2012.01.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The behavior of beam-column joints in moment resisting frame structures is susceptible to damage caused by seismic effects due to poor performance of the joints. A good number of researches were carried out to understand the complex mechanism of RC joints considered in current seismic design codes. The traditional construction detailing of transverse reinforcement has resulted in serious joint failures during earthquakes. This paper introduces a new design philosophy involving the use of additional diagonal bars within the joint particularly suitable for low to medium seismic effects in earthquake zones. In this study, ten full-scale interior beam-column specimens were constructed with various additional reinforcement details and configurations. The results of the experiment showed that adding additional bars is a promising approach in reinforced concrete structures where earthquakes are eminent. In terms of overall cracking observation during the test, the specimens with additional bars (diagonal and straight) compared with the ones without them showed fewer cracks in the column. Furthermore, concrete confinement is certainly an important design measure as recommended by most international codes.

키워드

과제정보

연구 과제 주관 기관 : National Natural Science Foundation of Chi

참고문헌

  1. ACI Committee 318 (2005), 318-05/318R-05: Building code requirements for structural concrete and commentary, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI.
  2. ACI Committee 352 (2002), 352R-02: Recommendation for design of beam-column joints in monolithic reinforced concrete structures, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI.
  3. Attaalla, S.A. (2004), "General analytical model for normal shear stress of type 2 normal and high strength concrete beam-column joints", ACI Struct. J., 101(1), 65-75.
  4. Au, F.T.K., Huang, K. and Pam, H.J. (2005), "Diagonally-reinforced beam-column joints reinforced under cyclic loading", Proc. Inst. Civil Eng. Struct. Build., 158(1), 21-40. https://doi.org/10.1680/stbu.2005.158.1.21
  5. Bindhu, K.R., Jaya, K.P. and Manicka Selvam, V.K. (2008). "Seismic resistance of exterior beam-column joints with non-conventional confinement reinforcement detailing", Struct. Eng. Mech., 30(6), 733-761. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.05.019
  6. Chalioris, C.E., Favvata, M.J. and Karayannis, C.G. (2008), "Reinforced concrete beam-column joints with crossed inclined bars under cyclic deformations", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 37(6), 881-897. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.793
  7. Chalioris, C.E., Karayannis, C.G. and Favvata, M.I. (2007), "Cyclic testing of reinforced concrete beam-columns joints with crossed inclined bars", Proceedings of the 13th Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements (CMEM), 623-632, Prague, Czech Republic.
  8. Cheung, P.C., Paulay, T. and Park, R. (1993), "Behavior of beam column joints in seismically-loaded RC frames", Struct. Eng., 71(8), 129-138.
  9. Eurocode 8 (2003), EN 1998-1:2003, Design provision for earthquake resistant structures. General rulesspecification rules for various materials and elements, European Committee for Standardization, Brussels.
  10. GB 50010-2002, Code for design of concrete structures, Construction Ministry of China.
  11. Ghobarah, A. and Said, A. (2001). "Seismic rehabilitation of beam-column joints using FRP laminates", J. Earthq. Eng., 5(1), 113-129.
  12. Hwang, S. and Lee, H. (1999), "Analytical model for predicting shear strengths of exterior reinforced concrete beam-column joints for seismic resistance", ACI Struct. J., 96(5), 846-857.
  13. Hwang, S. and Lee, H. (2000), "Analytical model for predicting shear strengths of interior reinforced concrete beam-column joints for seismic resistance", ACI Struct. J., 97(1), 35-44.
  14. Karayannis, C.G., Chalioris, C.E. and Sirkelis, G.M. (2008), "Local retrofit of exterior RC beam-column joints using thin RC jackets : an experimental study", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 37(5), 727-746. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.783
  15. Karayannis, C.G. and Sirkelis, G.M. (2002), "Effectiveness of RC beam-column connections strengthening using carbon-FRP jackets", Proceedings of the 12th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering, PR549, London, U.K.
  16. Karayannis, C.G. and Sirkelis, G.M. (2008), "Strengthening and rehabilitation of RC beam-column joints using carbon-FRP jacketing and epoxy resin injection", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 37(5), 769-790. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.785
  17. Karayannis, C.G., Sirkelis, G.M. and Chalioris, C.E. (2006), "Seismic performance of RC beam-column joints retrofitted using light RC jacket-experimental study", Proceedings of the 1st European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, PN 136, Geneva, Switzerland.
  18. Kim, J., LaFave, J.M. and Song, J. (2007). "A new statistical approach for joint shear strength determination of RC beam-column connections subjected to lateral earthquake loading", Struct. Eng. Mech., 27(4), 439-456. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2007.27.4.439
  19. Leon, R.T. (1990), "Shear strength and hysteretic behavior of interior beam-column joints", ACI Struct. J., 87(1), 3-11.
  20. MacGregor, J.G. (1988), Reinforced concrete mechanics and design, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
  21. MayField, B., Kong, K.F. and Bennison, A. (1971), "Corner joint details in structural light weight concrete", ACI J. Proc., 68(5), 366-372.
  22. Nawy, E.G. (2005), Reinforcement concrete, a fundamental approach, fifth edition, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
  23. Nelson, A.H., Darwin, D. and Dolan, C.W. (2004), Design of concrete structure-thirteenth edition, McGraw-Hill, New York.
  24. NZS 3101 (1995), Concrete structures Standard Part 1 and 2, Code and commentary of on the design of concrete structures, New Zealand Standard, New Zealand.
  25. Pam, H.J., Au, F.T.K., Huang, K. and Li, J. (2002), "Behavior of interior beam-column joints reinforced with diagonal steel for moderate seismicity level", Proceedings of the Structural Engineers World Congress WEWC2002, Paper T1-3-d-5, 8pp, Yokohoma, Japan, October 9-12.
  26. Park, R. and Pauley, T. (1975), Reinforced concrete structures, John Wiley and Sons, New York.
  27. Popov, E.P. (1984), "Bond and anchorage of reinforcing bars under cyclic loading", ACI J. Proc., 81(4), 340-349.
  28. Thermou, G.E. and Elnashai, A.S. (2006). "Seismic retrofit schemes for RC structures and local-global consequences", Prog. Struct. Eng. Mater., 8(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1002/pse.208

피인용 문헌

  1. Proposals of Beam Column Joint Reinforcement in Reinforced Concrete Moment Resisting Frame : A Literature Review Study vol.95, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.12.175
  2. Lateral stiffness of reinforced concrete flat plates with steps under seismic loads vol.7, pp.5, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2014.7.5.891
  3. Cyclic Performance of Precast Concrete Columns Using Steel Box Connection vol.15, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-017-0182-y
  4. Constitutive models of concrete structures subjected to seismic shear vol.7, pp.5, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2014.7.5.627
  5. Experimental investigation into the seismic performance of slabs in RC frame joints vol.66, pp.15, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.13.00329
  6. Seismic behavior evaluation of exterior beam-column joints with headed or hooked bars using nonlinear finite element analysis vol.7, pp.5, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2014.7.5.861
  7. Damage Identification of Frame Structures with Joint Damage under Earthquake Excitation vol.17, pp.8, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.17.8.1075
  8. Behaviour factor and displacement estimation of low-ductility precast wall system under seismic actions vol.5, pp.6, 2013, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2013.5.6.625
  9. Effects of joint aspect ratio on required transverse reinforcement of exterior joints subjected to cyclic loading vol.7, pp.5, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2014.7.5.705
  10. Effect of loading velocity on the seismic behavior of RC joints vol.8, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2015.8.3.665
  11. Influence Factors for the Shear Strength of Exterior and Interior Reinforced Concrete Beam-column Joints vol.142, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.02.014
  12. New Experimental Setup for Seismic Testing of Exterior RC Beam–Column Joints vol.43, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1520/JTE20140119
  13. Strut-and-tie modelling for the analysis and design of RC beam-column joints vol.49, pp.8, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-015-0732-1
  14. The influence of vertical ground motion on the seismic behavior of RC frame with construction joints vol.11, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2016.11.3.407
  15. The influence of construction joint on the seismic behavior of reinforced concrete frame structure vol.20, pp.7, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433216673643
  16. Influence of pinching effect of exterior joints on the seismic behavior of RC frames vol.6, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2014.6.1.089
  17. Interaction of internal forces of interior beam-column joints of reinforced concrete frames under seismic action vol.52, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2014.52.2.427
  18. Experimental tests on retrofitted RC beam-column joints underdesigned to seismic loads. General approach vol.59, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.11.008
  19. New Reinforcement Detailing for Concrete Jacketing of Nonductile Exterior Beam–Column Joints vol.30, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000700
  20. Influence of geometric and material characteristics on the behavior of reinforced concrete beam-column connections vol.44, pp.5, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2016-0247
  21. A new empirical model for shear strength of reinforced concrete beam–column connections vol.66, pp.10, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.13.00310
  22. Seismic performance investigation of RC piers with lap-spliced longitudinal bars as to aspect ratio vol.18, pp.6, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-014-0586-z
  23. Performance of an Interior Beam-Column Joint with and without a Slab under Cyclic Load vol.680, pp.1662-8985, 2013, https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.680.211
  24. Seismic performance of interior precast concrete beam-column connections with T-section steel inserts under cyclic loading vol.17, pp.2, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-018-0446-9
  25. Modeling of non-seismically detailed columns subjected to reversed cyclic loadings vol.44, pp.2, 2012, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2012.44.2.163
  26. Modelling beam-to-column joints in seismic analysis of RC frames vol.12, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2017.12.1.119
  27. Shear strength of reinforced concrete beam-column joints with crossed inclined bars vol.140, pp.None, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.02.072
  28. A comparative study of the effect of adding steel fiber on the mechanical behavior of RSCC beams under displacement and force control conditions vol.166, pp.None, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.01.122
  29. A Numerical Study on the Seismic Response of RC Wide Column-Beam Joints vol.17, pp.3, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-018-0364-2
  30. Experimental investigations and FE simulation of exterior BCJs retrofitted with CFRP fabric vol.17, pp.4, 2012, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2019.17.4.337
  31. Cyclic Behaviour of Beam-Column Joints with Corbels Under In-Plane Lateral Loads vol.849, pp.None, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/849/1/012089
  32. Behavior of SFRC interior beam-column joints under cyclic loading vol.7, pp.3, 2012, https://doi.org/10.12989/smm.2020.7.3.167
  33. Effect of Uncertainties in Material and Structural Detailing on the Seismic Vulnerability of RC Frames Considering Construction Quality Defects vol.10, pp.24, 2012, https://doi.org/10.3390/app10248832
  34. Seismic performance of non-ductile detailing RC frames: An experimental investigation vol.19, pp.6, 2012, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2020.19.6.485
  35. Experimental Study on Beam-Column Connections of Concrete Encased Cold-formed Steel Beams to Concrete-filled Steel Tube Columns vol.1067, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1067/1/012016
  36. Flexural Behaviour of Hybrid Concrete Beam-Column Connections Under Static and Repeated Loads vol.1973, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1973/1/012130
  37. Structural behavior of hybrid reinforced concrete beam-column joints under cyclic load: State of the art review vol.15, pp.None, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2021.e00707
  38. An experimental comparison of RC beam-column joints incorporating different splice methods in the beam vol.34, pp.None, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2021.08.101
  39. Relocating plastic hinges in reinforced concrete beam-column joints by mechanically anchored diagonal bars vol.251, pp.no.pa, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.113468
  40. Combined effect of cold joint and yielded hoop reinforcement on cyclic behaviour of seismically detailed RC beam-column joints vol.36, pp.None, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2021.12.057
  41. Implicit framework for developing design recommendations on shear strength of RC beam-column joints vol.47, pp.None, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103877