Structural Engineering and Mechanics

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Estimation of bridge displacement responses using FBG sensors and theoretical mode shapes

  • Shin, Soobong (Department of Civil Engineering, Inha University) ;
  • Lee, Sun-Ung (Department of Civil Engineering, Inha University) ;
  • Kim, Yuhee (Department of Civil Engineering, Inha University) ;
  • Kim, Nam-Sik (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University)
  • Received : 2011.01.10
  • Accepted : 2012.03.18
  • Published : 2012.04.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Bridge vibration displacements have been directly measured by LVDTs (Linear Variable Differential Transformers) or laser equipment and have also been indirectly estimated by an algorithm of integrating measured acceleration. However, LVDT measurement cannot be applied for a bridge crossing over a river or channel and the laser technique cannot be applied when the weather condition is poor. Also, double integration of accelerations may cause serious numerical deviation if the initial condition or a regression process is not carefully controlled. This paper presents an algorithm of estimating bridge vibration displacements using vibration strains measured by FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating) sensors and theoretical mode shapes of a simply supported beam. Since theoretically defined mode shapes are applied, even high modes can be used regardless of the quality of the measured data. In the proposed algorithm, the number of theoretical modes is limited by the number of sensors used for a field test to prevent a mathematical rank deficiency from occurring in computing vibration displacements.89The proposed algorithm has been applied to various types of bridges and its efficacy has been verified. The closeness of the estimated vibration displacements to measured ones has been evaluated by computing the correlation coefficient and by comparing FRFs (Frequency Response Functions) and the maximum displacements.

Keywords

References

  1. AASHOTO (2008), The Manual for Bridge Evaluation.
  2. Bhagwat, M., Sasmal, S., Novak, B. and Upadhyay, A. (2011), "Investigations on seismic response of two span cable-stayed bridges", Earthq. Struct., 2(4), 337-356. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2011.2.4.337
  3. Brownjohn, J., Rizos, C., Tan, G.H. and Pan, T.C. (2004), "Real-time long-term monitoring of static and dynamic displacements of an office tower, combining RTK GPS and accelerometer data", Proceedings of the 1st FIG International Symposium on Engineering Surveys for Construction Works and Structural Engineering, 1(TS1.9), 1-15.
  4. Chan, T.H.T., Ashebo, D.B., Tam, H.Y., Yu, Y., Chan, T.F., Lee, P.C. and Gracia, E.P. (2009), "Vertical displacements measurements for bridges using optical fiber sensors and CCD cameras - a preliminary study", Struct. Hlth. Monit., 8, 243-249. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475921708102108
  5. Chang, S.J., Kim, N.S. and Kim, H.K. (2009), "Prediction of displacement response from the measured dynamic strain signals using mode decomposition technique", Proceedings of the ICOSSAR 2009 The 10th International Conference on Structural Safety and Reliability, Japan.
  6. Davis, M.A., Kersey, A.D., Sirkis, J. and Friebele, E.J. (1994), "Fiber Optic Bragg Grating Array for Shape and Vibration Mode Shape Sensing", SPIE 2191, 94-101.
  7. Foss, G.C. and Haugse, E.D. (1995), "Using Modal Test Results to Develop Strain to Displacement Transformations", Proceeding of the 13th International Modal Analysis Conference, 112-118.
  8. Gindy, M., Vaccaro, R., Nassif, H., and Velde, J. (2008), "A state-space approach for deriving bridge displacement from acceleration", Comput.-Aid. Civil Infrastr. Eng., 23(4), 281-290. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8667.2007.00536.x
  9. Inaudi, D., Conte, J.P., Perregaux, N. and Vurpillot, S. (1998), "Statistical analysis of under-sampled dynamic displacement measurement", SPIE Smart Structures and Materials, 3325, San Diego.
  10. Jiang, J., Lu, X. and Guo, J. (2002), "Study for real-time monitoring of large-span bridge using GPS", Proceedings of ISSST 2002, Progress in Safety Science and Technology, 308-312.
  11. Jung, B.S. and Kim, N.S. (2006), "Assessment of the dynamic displacements using acceleration data measured on bridge superstructures", Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management, Portugal.
  12. Kang, L.H., Kim, D.K. and Han, J.H. (2007), "Estimation of dynamic structural displacements using fiber Bragg grating strain sensors", J. Sound Vib., 305, 534-542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2007.04.037
  13. Kirby, G.C., Lim, T.W., Weber, R., Bosse, A.B., Povich, C. and Fisher, S. (1997), "Strain-based shape estimation algorithms for a cantilever beam", SPIE 3041, 72-81.
  14. Lassif, H.H., Gindy, M. and Davis, J. (2005), "Comparison of laser doppler vibrometer with contact sensors for monitoring bridge deflection and vibration", NDT&E Int., 38, 213-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ndteint.2004.06.012
  15. Lee, J.J., Fukuda, Y. and Shinozuka, M. (2006), "Dynamic displacement measurement of bridges using visionbased system", Proceedings of SPIE, International Society for Optical Engineering, 6174(2), 1-9.
  16. Liu, J., Zhu, S., Xu, Y. and Zhang, Y. (2011), "Displacement-based design approach for highway bridges with SMA isolators", Smart Struct. Syst., 8(2), 173-190. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2011.8.2.173
  17. Meng, X., Dodson, A.H. and Roberts, G.W. (2007), "Detecting bridge dynamics with GPS and triaxial accelerometers", Eng. Struct., 29, 3178-3184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.03.012
  18. Park, K.T., Kim, S.H., Park, H.S. and Lee, K.W. (2005), "The determination of bridge displacement using measured acceleration", Eng. Struct., 27, 371-378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2004.10.013
  19. Shin, S., Han, M.J., Jo, J.Y., Lee, H.J. and Jung, B,S. (2007), "Identification of moving forces by measuring bridge dynamic responses", Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on SHM of Intelligent Infrastructures, China
  20. Todd, M.D., Johnson, G.A., Chang, C.C. and Malsawma, L. (2000), "Real-time girder deflection reconstruction using a fiber Bragg grating system", Proceedings of the International Modal Analysis Conference XVIII, San Antonio, Texas, February.
  21. Todd, M.D. and Vohra, S.T. (1999), "Shear deformation correction to transverse shape reconstruction from distributed strain measurements", J. Sound Vib., 225(3), 581-594. https://doi.org/10.1006/jsvi.1999.2176
  22. Vohra, S.T., Johnson, G.A., Todd, M.D., Danver, B.A. and Althouse, B.A. (2000), "Distributed strain monitoring with arrays of fiber Bragg grating sensors on an in-construction steel box-girder bridge", IEICE Transactions on Electronics, E83-C(3), 454-461.
  23. Vurpillot, S., Inaudi, D. and Scano, A. (1996), "Mathematical model for the determination of vertical displacement from internal horizontal measurements of a bridge", Smart Systems for Bridges, Structures, and Highways, 3043.
  24. Whiteman, T., Lichti, D.D. and Chandler, I. (2002), "Measurement of deflections in concrete beams by closerange digital photogrammetry", Symposium on Geospatial Theory, Processing and Application.

Cited by

  1. Displacement estimation of bridge structures using data fusion of acceleration and strain measurement incorporating finite element model vol.15, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2015.15.3.645
  2. Dynamic displacement estimation by fusing biased high-sampling rate acceleration and low-sampling rate displacement measurements using two-stage Kalman estimator vol.17, pp.4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2016.17.4.647
  3. Reference-Free Displacement Estimation of Bridges Using Kalman Filter-Based Multimetric Data Fusion vol.2016, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/3791856
  4. Development of a Wireless Displacement Measurement System Using Acceleration Responses vol.13, pp.12, 2013, https://doi.org/10.3390/s130708377
  5. Dynamic Behavior of Composite Steel Girder Bridge Exceeding Train Speed 350km/h vol.14, pp.7, 2013, https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2013.14.7.3518
  6. Condition assessment for high-speed railway bridges based on train-induced strain response vol.54, pp.2, 2015, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2015.54.2.199
  7. Traffic Safety Evaluation for Railway Bridges Using Expanded Multisensor Data Fusion vol.31, pp.10, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1111/mice.12210
  8. Extension of indirect displacement estimation method using acceleration and strain to various types of beam structures vol.14, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2014.14.4.699
  9. Displacement Estimation Using Multimetric Data Fusion vol.18, pp.6, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1109/TMECH.2013.2275187
  10. Computer Vision-Based Structural Displacement Measurement Robust to Light-Induced Image Degradation for In-Service Bridges vol.17, pp.10, 2017, https://doi.org/10.3390/s17102317
  11. Wireless displacement sensing system for bridges using multi-sensor fusion vol.23, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/23/4/045022
  12. Data fusion approaches for structural health monitoring and system identification: Past, present, and future pp.1741-3168, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1177/1475921718798769
  13. A Comparison of Strain-Based Methods for the Evaluation of the Relative Displacement of Beam-Like Structures vol.5, pp.None, 2012, https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2019.00118
  14. Multi-rate data fusion for dynamic displacement measurement of beam-like supertall structures using acceleration and strain sensors vol.19, pp.2, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1177/1475921719857043
  15. Long-term displacement measurement of full-scale bridges using camera ego-motion compensation vol.140, pp.None, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2020.106651
  16. Estimation of Structural Deformed Configuration for Bridges Using Multi-Response Measurement Data vol.11, pp.9, 2012, https://doi.org/10.3390/app11094000
  17. Deflection estimation of beam structures based on the measured strain mode shape vol.30, pp.10, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-665x/ac1b3d
  18. Structural Response Estimation Based on Kalman Filtering with Known Frequency Component of External Excitation and Multitype Measurements for Beam-Type Structure vol.34, pp.6, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)as.1943-5525.0001316