DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Behavior and design of steel I-beams with inclined stiffeners

  • Yang, Yang (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University) ;
  • Lui, Eric M. (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University)
  • Received : 2011.09.10
  • Accepted : 2011.11.30
  • Published : 2012.03.25

Abstract

This paper presents an investigation of the effect of inclined stiffeners on the load-carrying capacity of simply-supported hot-rolled steel I-beams under various load conditions. The study is carried out using finite element analysis. A series of beams modeled using 3-D solid finite elements with consideration of initial geometric imperfections, residual stresses, and material nonlinearity are analyzed with and without inclined stiffeners to show how the application of inclined stiffeners can offer a noticeable increase in their lateral-torsional buckling (LTB) capacity. The analysis results have shown that the amount of increase in LTB capacity is primarily dependent on the location of the inclined stiffeners and the lateral unsupported length of the beam. The width, thickness and inclination angle of the stiffeners do not have as much an effect on the beam's lateral-torsional buckling capacity when compared to the stiffeners' location and beam length. Once the optimal location for the stiffeners is determined, parametric studies are performed for different beam lengths and load cases and a design equation is developed for the design of such stiffeners. A design example is given to demonstrate how the proposed equation can be used for the design of inclined stiffeners not only to enhance the beam's bearing capacity but its lateral-torsional buckling strength.

Keywords

References

  1. AISC (2011), Steel Construction Manual, American Institute of Steel Construction, 14th edition, Chicago IL.
  2. Aghayere, A. and Vigil, J. (2009), Structural Steel Design - A Practical-Oriented Approach, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
  3. ANSYS Theory Reference v.12 (www.ansys.com).
  4. Arabzadeh, A. and Varmazyari, M. (2009), "Strength of I-girders with delta stiffeners subjected to eccentric patch loading", J. Const. Steel Res., 65(6), 1385-1391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2009.01.009
  5. ASTM A6/A6M-11 (2011) Standard Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  6. Bittnar, Z. and Sejnoha, J. (1996), Numerical Methods in Structural Mechanics, ASCE Press, New York, NY.
  7. Chen, J. (2008), Stability of Steel Structures Theory and Design, 4th edition, Science Press, Beijing, China.
  8. Chen, W.F. and Lui, E.M. (1987), Structural Stability - Theory and Implementation, Elsevier, New York, NY.
  9. Chen, M. and Das, S. (2009), "Experimental study on repair of corroded steel beam using CFRP", Steel. Compos.Struc., 9(2), 103-118. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2009.9.2.103
  10. Cook, R.D., Malkus, D.S., Plesha, M.E., and Witt, R.J. (2002), Concepts and Applications of Finite Element Analysis, 4th edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY.
  11. Egilmez, O.O., Alkan, D., and Ozdemir, T. (2009), "Cyclic behavior of steel I-beams modified by a welded haunch and reinforced with GFRP", Steel. Compos. Struc., 9(5), 419-444. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2009.9.5.419
  12. Egilmez, O.O. and Yormaz, D. (2011), "Cyclic testing of steel I-beams reinforced with GFRP", Steel. Compos. Struc., 11(2), 93-114. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2011.11.2.093
  13. Galambos, T.V. and Surovek, A.E. (2008), Structural Stability of Steel: Concepts and Applications for Structural Engineers, Wiley, Hoboken, NJ.
  14. Heins, C.P. and Potocko, R.A. (1979), "Torsional stiffening of I-girder webs", J. Struct. Div., ASCE, 105(8), 1689-1698.
  15. Kim, Y.D., Jung, S., and White, D.W. (2007), "Transverse stiffener requirements in straight and horizontally curved steel I-Girders", J. Bridge. Eng., ASCE, 12(2), 174-183. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2007)12:2(174)
  16. Maiorana, E., Pellegrino, C. and Modena, C. (2010), "Influence of longitudinal stiffeners on elastic stability of girder webs", J. Const. Steel Res., 67(1), 51-64.
  17. Plum, C.M. and Svensson, S.E. (1993), "Simple method to stabilize I-beams against lateral buckling", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 119(10), 2855-2870. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1993)119:10(2855)
  18. Salmon, C.G., Johnson, J.E. and Malhas, F.A. (2009), Steel Structures: Design and Behavior, 5th edition, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
  19. Schafer, B.W., Li, Z. and Moen, C.D. (2010), "Computational modeling of cold-formed steel", Thin. Walled Struct., 48(10-11), 752-762. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2010.04.008
  20. Szewczak, R.M., Smith, E.A. and Dewolf, J.T. (1983), "Beams with torsional stiffeners", J. Struct. Engrg., ASCE, 109(7), 1635-1647. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1983)109:7(1635)
  21. Takabatake, H. (1988), "Lateral buckling of I beams with web stiffeners and batten plates", Int. J. of Solids. Struct., 24(10), 1003-1019. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7683(88)90104-7
  22. Takabatake, H., Kusumoto, S. and Tomitaka, I. (1991), "Lateral buckling behavior of I-beams stiffened with stiffeners", J. Struct. Engrg., ASCE, 117(11), 3203-3215. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1991)117:11(3203)
  23. Vlasov, V.Z. (1961), Thin-walled elastic beams. 2nd edition, Dept. of Commerce, Washington, D.C.
  24. Wang, L. and Helwig, T.A. (2005), "Critical imperfections for beam bracing systems", J. Struct. Engrg., ASCE, 131(6), 933-940. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:6(933)
  25. Xie, M., Chapman, J.C. and Hobbs, R.E. (2008), "A rational design model for transverse web stiffeners", J. Const. Steel Res., 64(9), 928-946. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2007.10.007
  26. Yam, M.C.H., Lam, A.C.C., Wei, F. and Chung, K.F. (2007), "The local web buckling strength of stiffened coped steel I-beams", Int. J. of Steel Struct., 7(2), 129-138.
  27. Yam, M.C.H., Ma, H., Lam, A.C.C. and Chung, K.F. (2011), "Experimental study of the strength and behaviour of reinforced coped beams", J. Const. Steel Res., 67(11), 1749-1759. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2011.04.015
  28. Ziemian, R.D. (2010), Guide to Stability Design Criteria for Metal Structures, 6th edition, Wiley, Hoboken, NJ.
  29. Zienkiewicz, O.C. and Taylor, R.L. (2005), The Finite Element Method for Solid and Structural Mechanics, 6thedition, Butterworth-Heinemann, Jordan Hill, Oxford, UK.

Cited by

  1. Patch load resistance of longitudinally stiffened webs: Modeling via support vector machines vol.29, pp.3, 2012, https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.29.3.309
  2. Effect of angle stiffeners on the flexural strength and stiffness of cold-formed steel beams vol.33, pp.2, 2019, https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.33.2.225
  3. Flexural Strength of cold-formed steel built-up composite beams with rectangular compression flanges vol.34, pp.2, 2012, https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2020.34.2.171
  4. Evaluating the Efficiency of Strengthening Hot-Rolled I-Sectioned Steel Beams by using Additional Plates and Inclined Stiffeners with Various Widths vol.870, pp.None, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/870/1/012102