Steel and Composite Structures

  • 제12권1호
  • /
  • Pages.73-92
  • /
  • 2012
  • /
  • 1229-9367(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1598-6233(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of element interaction and material nonlinearity on the ultimate capacity of stainless steel cross-sections

  • Theofanous, M. (Department of Civil Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki) ;
  • Gardner, L. (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London)
  • 투고 : 2011.01.25
  • 심사 : 2011.11.13
  • 발행 : 2012.01.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The effect of element interaction and material nonlinearity on the ultimate capacity of stainless steel plated cross-sections is investigated in this paper. The focus of the research lies in cross-sections failing by local buckling; member instabilities, distortional buckling and interactions thereof with local buckling are not considered. The cross-sections investigated include rectangular hollow sections (RHS), I sections and parallel flange channels (PFC). Based on previous finite element investigations of structural stainless steel stub columns, parametric studies were conducted and the ultimate capacity of the aforementioned cross-sections with a range of element slendernesses and aspect ratios has been obtained. Various design methods, including the effective width approach, the direct strength method (DSM), the continuous strength method (CSM) and a design method based on regression analysis, which accounts for element interaction, were assessed on the basis of the numerical results, and the relative merits and weaknesses of each design approach have been highlighted. Element interaction has been shown to be significant for slender cross-sections, whilst the behaviour of stocky cross-sections is more strongly influenced by the material strain-hardening characteristics. A modification to the continuous strength method has been proposed to allow for the effect of element interaction, which leads to more reliable ultimate capacity predictions. Comparisons with available test data have also been made to demonstrate the enhanced accuracy of the proposed method and its suitability for the treatment of local buckling in stainless steel cross-sections.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. ABAQUS. (2006), ABAQUS/Standard user's manual volumes I-III and ABAQUS CAE manual. Version 6.6. (Pawtucket, USA): Hibbitt, Karlsson & Sorensen, Inc.
  2. Adany, S. and Schafer, B.W. (2008), "A full modal decomposition of thin-walled, single-branched open cross-section members via the constrained finite strip method", J. Constr. Steel Res., 64(1), 12-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2007.04.004
  3. American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) (2002), Specification for the design of cold-formed stainless steel structural members (SEI/ASCE 8-02).
  4. Ashraf, M., Gardner, L. and Nethercot, D.A. (2006a), "Compression strength of stainless steel cross-sections", J. Constr. Steel Res., 62(1-2), 105-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2005.04.010
  5. Ashraf, M., Gardner, L. and Nethercot, D.A. (2006b), "Finite element modelling of structural stainless steel cross-sections", Thin Wall Struct., 44(10), 1048-1062. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2006.10.010
  6. Ashraf, M., Gardner, L. and Nethercot, D. A. (2008), "Structural stainless steel design: Resistance based on deformation capacity", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 134(3), 402-411. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2008)134:3(402)
  7. Baddoo, N. R. (2008), "Stainless steel in construction: A review of research, applications, challenges and opportunities", J. Constr. Steel Res., 64(11), 1199-1206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2008.07.011
  8. Beg, D. and Hladnik, L. (1996), "Slenderness limit of class 3 I cross-sections made of high strength steel", J. Constr. Steel Res., 38(3), 201-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/0143-974X(96)00025-9
  9. Becque, J., Lecce, M. and Rasmussen, K.J.R. (2008), "The direct strength method for stainless steel compression members", J. Constr. Steel Res., 64(11), 1231-1238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2008.07.007
  10. Cruise, R.B. and Gardner, L. (2008), "Strength enhancements induced during cold forming of stainless steel sections", J. Constr. Steel Res., 64(11), 1310-1316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2008.04.014
  11. Daali, M.L. and Korol, R.M. (1995), "Prediction of local buckling and rotation capacity at maximum moment", J. Constr. Steel Res., 32(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/0143-974X(94)00007-5
  12. Dawson, R.G. and Walker, A.C. (1972), "Post-buckling of geometrically imperfect plates", J. Struct. Div., ASCE, 98(1), ST1, 75-94.
  13. ECSC (2000), Final Report. ECSC project-Development of the use of stainless steel in construction. Document RT810, Contract No. 7210 SA/ 842, The Steel Construction Institute, UK.
  14. EN 1993-1-1 (2005) Eurocode 3. Design of Steel Structures: Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings, CEN.
  15. EN 1993-1-4. (2006) Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1.4: General rules - Supplementary rules for stainless steel, CEN.
  16. EN 1993-1-5 (2006), Eurocode 3. Design of Steel Structures: Part 1-5: Plated structural elements, CEN.
  17. Gardner, L. (2008), "The continuous strength method", Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Structures and Buildings, 161(3), 127-133.
  18. Gardner, L. and Ashraf, M. (2006), "Structural design for non-linear metallic materials", Eng. Struct., 28(6), 926-934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.11.001
  19. Gardner, L. and Nethercot, D.A. (2004a), "Experiments on stainless steel hollow sections - Part 1: Material and cross-sectional behaviour", J. Constr. Steel Res., 60(9), 1291-1318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2003.11.006
  20. Gardner L. and Nethercot D.A. (2004b), "Experiments on stainless steel hollow sections - Part 2: Member behaviour of columns and beams", J. Constr. Steel Res., 60(9), 1319-1332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2003.11.007
  21. Gardner, L. and Nethercot D.A. (2004c), "Numerical Modeling of Stainless Steel Structural Components-A Consistent Approach", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 130(10), 1586-1601. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2004)130:10(1586)
  22. Gardner, L. and Ng, K. T. (2006). "Temperature development in structural stainless steel sections exposed to fire", Fire Safety Journal, 41(3), 185-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2005.11.009
  23. Gardner, L., Talja, A. and Baddoo, N. (2006), "Structural design of high-strength austenitic stainless steel", Thin Wall Struct., 44(5), 517-528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2006.04.014
  24. Gardner, L. and Theofanous, M. (2008), "Discrete and continuous treatment of local buckling in stainless steel elements", J. Constr. Steel Res., 64(11), 1207-1216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2008.07.003
  25. Groth, H.L. and Johansson, R.E. (1990), "Statistics of the mechanical strength of stainless steels", Proceeding of the Nordic Symposium on Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steels SIMR, Sigtuna, Sweden, October, 17-31.
  26. Johnson, A.L. and Winter, G. (1966), "Behaviour of stainless steel columns and beams", J. Struct. Div., ASCE, ST5, 97-118.
  27. Kato B. (1989), "Rotation capacity of H-section members as determined by local buckling", J. Constr. Steel Res., 13(2-3), 95-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/0143-974X(89)90008-4
  28. Kato B. (1990), "Deformation capacity of steel structures", J. Constr. Steel Res., 17(1-2), 33-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/0143-974X(90)90024-B
  29. Kuwamura H. (2003), "Local buckling of thin-walled stainless steel members", Steel Structures, 3, 191-201.
  30. Liu Y. and Young B. (2003), "Buckling of stainless steel square hollow section compression members", J. Constr. Steel Res., 59(2), 165-177. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0143-974X(02)00031-7
  31. Mirambell, E. and Real, E. (2000), "On the calculation of deflections in structural stainless steel beams: an experimental and numerical investigation", J. Constr. Steel Res., 54(1), 109-133. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0143-974X(99)00051-6
  32. North American Specification. (2004), "Appendix 1: Design of cold-formed steel structural members using the Direct Strength Method", In: 2004 supplement to the North American Specification for the design of cold-formedsteel structures. Washington (DC): American Iron and Steel Institute.
  33. Rasmussen, K.J.R. (2003), "Full-range stress-strain curves for stainless steel alloys", J, Constr. Steel Res., 59(1), 47-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0143-974X(02)00018-4
  34. Rasmussen K.J.R. and Hancock G.J. (1993a), "Design of cold-formed stainless steel tubular members. I: Columns", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 119(8), 2349-2367. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1993)119:8(2349)
  35. Rasmussen, K.J.R. and Hancock, G.J. (1993b), "Design of cold-formed stainless steel tubular members II: Beams", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 119(8), 2368-2386. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1993)119:8(2368)
  36. Real, E. and Mirambell, E. (2005), "Flexural behaviour of stainless steel beams", Eng. Struct., 27(10), 1465-1475. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.04.008
  37. Schafer, B.W. (2008), "Review: The Direct Strength Method of cold-formed steel member design", J. Constr. Steel Res., 64(7-8), 766-778. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2008.01.022
  38. Schafer, B.W., Ádány, S. (2006), "Buckling analysis of cold-formed steel members using CUFSM: conventional and constrained finite strip methods", Eighteenth International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures, Orlando, FL. October.
  39. Schafer, B.W, Peköz, T. (1998), "Direct strength prediction of cold-formed steel members using numerical elastic buckling solutions". In: Shanmugam N., Liew, J., Thevendran, V. editors. Thin-walled structures, research and developments. NewYork: Elsevier, 137-144.
  40. Standards Australia (2005), "Cold-formed steel structures. AS/NZS 4600: 2005", Sydney, Australia.
  41. Talja A. and Salmi P. (1995), "Design of stainless steel RHS beams, columns and beam-columns", Research note 1619. Finland: VTT Building Technology.
  42. Theofanous, M. and Gardner, L. (2009), "Testing and numerical modelling of lean duplex stainless steel hollow section columns", Eng. Struct., 31(12), 3047-3058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.08.004
  43. Theofanous, M. and Gardner, L. (2010), "Experimental and numerical studies of lean duplex stainless steel beams", J. Constr. Steel Res., 66(6), 816-825. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.01.012
  44. Winter, G. (1947), "Strength of thin steel compression flanges", Bulletin No. 35/3, Engrg. Experiment Sta., Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.
  45. Winter, G. (1950), "Performance of thin steel compression flanges", Bulletin No. 33, Engrg. Experiment Sta., Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y
  46. Young, B. and Ellobody, E. (2006), "Experimental investigation of concrete-filled cold-formed high strength stainless steel tube columns", J. Constr. Steel Res., 62(5), 484-492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2005.08.004
  47. Young, B. and Liu, Y. (2003), "Experimental investigation of cold-formed stainless steel columns", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 129(2), 169-176. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2003)129:2(169)
  48. Young, B. and Lui, W. M. (2006), "Tests of cold formed high strength stainless steel compression members", Thin Wall Struct., 44(2), 224-234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2006.01.006
  49. Zhou, F. and Young, B. (2005), "Tests of cold-formed stainless steel tubular flexural members", Thin Wall Struct., 43(9), 1325-1337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2005.06.005
  50. Zhu, J.-H. and Young, B. (2009), "Design of aluminium alloy flexural members using the direct strength method", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 135(5), 558-566. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000004

피인용 문헌

  1. Buckling and yielding behavior of unstiffened slender, moderate, and stocky low yield point steel plates vol.88, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2014.11.022
  2. The continuous strength method for steel cross-section design at elevated temperatures vol.98, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2015.06.016
  3. Behavior and design of stainless steel tubular member welded end connections vol.17, pp.3, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2014.17.3.253
  4. Behaviour of structural stainless steel cross-sections under combined loading – Part II: Numerical modelling and design approach vol.89, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.11.016
  5. Effective width equations accounting for element interaction for cold-formed stainless steel square and rectangular hollow sections vol.2, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2015.02.003
  6. Ultimate response of stainless steel continuous beams vol.83, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2014.01.019
  7. GBT-based elastic–plastic post-buckling analysis of stainless steel thin-walled members vol.83, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2014.01.004
  8. Design of cold-formed stainless steel lipped channel sections with web openings subjected to web crippling under end-one-flange loading condition vol.20, pp.7, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433216670170
  9. Web crippling strength of cold-formed stainless steel lipped channel-sections with web openings subjected to interior-one-flange loading condition vol.21, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2016.21.3.629
  10. Numerical study of fixed ended lean duplex stainless steel (LDSS) flat oval hollow stub column under pure axial compression vol.96, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2015.07.016
  11. Experimental and Numerical Studies of Ferritic Stainless Steel Tubular Cross Sections under Combined Compression and Bending vol.142, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001366
  12. Finite Element-Based Investigation on Performance of Intermediate Length Thin-Walled Columns with Lateral Stiffeners vol.39, pp.10, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-014-1282-5
  13. Behaviour and design of stainless steel slender cross-sections subjected to combined loading vol.104, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2016.03.020
  14. Structural response and continuous strength method design of slender stainless steel cross-sections vol.140, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.02.044
  15. Structural behaviour of stainless steel stub column under axial compression: a FE study pp.2093-6311, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13296-018-0083-1
  16. Initial stiffness and moment capacity assessment of stainless steel composite bolted joints with concrete-filled circular tubular columns vol.33, pp.5, 2012, https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.33.5.681
  17. Cyclic behaviour and modelling of stainless-clad bimetallic steels with various clad ratios vol.34, pp.2, 2012, https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2020.34.2.189
  18. Tensile behavior of stainless steel S30408 at the Arctic low temperature vol.40, pp.5, 2012, https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2021.40.5.633
  19. Cold-formed stainless steel SHS and RHS columns subjected to local-flexural interactive buckling vol.188, pp.None, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2021.106999