Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

  • 제45권2호
  • /
  • Pages.70-77
  • /
  • 2012
  • /
  • 1975-8375(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2233-4521(eISSN)
대한예방의학회 (The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Suicide Rate Differences by Sex, Age, and Urbanicity, and Related Regional Factors in Korea

  • Cheong, Kyu-Seok (Department of Preventive and Occupational Medicine, Pusan National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Choi, Min-Hyeok (Department of Preventive and Occupational Medicine, Pusan National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Cho, Byung-Mann (Department of Preventive and Occupational Medicine, Pusan National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Yoon, Tae-Ho (Department of Preventive and Occupational Medicine, Pusan National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Chang-Hun (Office of Public Health Care Service, Pusan National University Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Yu-Mi (Department of Preventive Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine) ;
  • Hwang, In-Kyung (Department of Preventive and Occupational Medicine, Pusan National University College of Medicine)
  • 투고 : 2011.09.09
  • 심사 : 2011.10.26
  • 발행 : 2012.03.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Objectives: Identify the characteristics related to the suicide rates in rural and urban areas of Korea and discover the factors that influence the suicide rate of the rural and urban areas. Methods: Using the data on causes of death from 2006 to 2008, the suicide rates were calculated and compared after age-standardization based on gender, age group and urbanicity. And, in order to understand the factors that influence suicide rate, total 10 local characteristics in four domains - public service, social integration, residential environment, and economic status - were selected for multiple regression analysis. Results: The suicide rates were higher in men than women, in rural areas than urban, and in older people than the younger. Generally, although there were variations according to age group and urbanicity, suicide rates were significantly related to residential environment and regional economic status but not related to regional welfare spending and social integration. In addition, the population over the age of 65 years, only regional economic status has significantly influence on their suicide rates. Conclusions: The influence of characteristics of regions on suicide rate is various by age-group, gender, and urbanicity. Therefore, in order to lower suicide rate and reduce the gap between regions, various approaches must be adopted by taking into account the socioeconomic characteristics of the regions.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. OECD health data 2010. Paris: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development; 2010.
  2. Statistics Korea. Annual report on the cause of death statistics 2009. Daejeon: Statistics Korea; 2010 (Korean).
  3. Suh T. Current situation and trends of suicidal deaths, ideas and attempts in Korea. Health Soc Welf Rev 2001;21(1):106-125 (Korean).
  4. Eun KS. Socioeconomic determinants of suicide rate in Korea. Korea J Popul Stud 2005;28(2):97-129 (Korean).
  5. Park JS, Lee JY, Kim SD. A study for effects of economic growth rate and unemployment rate to suicide rate in Korea. Korean J Prev Med 2003;36(1):85-91 (Korean).
  6. Park Y, Kim MH, Kown S, Shin YJ. The association between public social expenditure and suicides: evidence from OECD countries. J Prev Med Public Health 2009;42(2):123-129 (Korean).
  7. Kim MH, Jung-Choi K, Jun HJ, Kawachi I. Socioeconomic inequalities in suicidal ideation, parasuicides, and completed suicides in South Korea. Soc Sci Med 2010;70(8):1254-1261.
  8. Macintyre S, Ellaway A, Cummins S. Place effects on health: how can we conceptualise, operationalise and measure them? Soc Sci Med 2002;55(1):125-139.
  9. Ryu JK. Regional differentials in elderly suicide rate: the focusing on effects of family instability, 1995-2005. Korea J Popul Stud 2008;31(2):21-44 (Korean).
  10. Razvodovsky Y, Stickley A. Suicide in urban and rural regions of Belarus, 1990-2005. Public Health 2009;123(1):27-31.
  11. Hendin H, Phillips MR, Vijayakumar L. Suicide and suicide prevention in Asia. Geneva: World Health Oeganization; 2008.
  12. Hawton K. Sex and suicide. Gender differences in suicidal behaviour. Br J Psychiatry 2000;177:484-485.
  13. Oh JK, Cho YT, Kim CY. Socio-demographic characteristics of suicides in South Korea. Health Soc Sci 2005;18:191-210 (Korean).
  14. Park JY, Moon KT, Chae YM, Jung SH. Effect of sociodemographic factors, cancer, psychiatric disorder on suicide: gender and age-specific patterns. J Prev Med Public Health 2008;41(1):51-60 (Korean).
  15. Kim EJ. Differences of suicide mortality due to regional unbalance [dissertation]. Seoul: Seoul University; 2007 (Korean).
  16. Yoon TH. The relationship between social class distribution and mortality. Korean J Health Policy Adm 2003;13(4): 99-114 (Korean).
  17. Hawton K, Harriss L, Hodder K, Simkin S, Gunnell D. The influence of the economic and social environment on deliberate self-harm and suicide: an ecological and personbased study. Psychol Med 2001;31(5):827-836.
  18. Curtis S, Copeland A, Fagg J, Congdon P, Almog M, Fitzpatrick J. The ecological relationship between deprivation, social isolation and rates of hospital admission for acute psychiatric care: a comparison of London and New York City. Health Place 2006;12(1):19-37.
  19. Rezaeian M, Dunn G, St Leger S, Appleby L. Ecological association between suicide rates and indices of deprivation in the north west region of England: the importance of the size of the administrative unit. J Epidemiol Community Health 2006;60(11):956-961.
  20. Whitley E, Gunnell D, Dorling D, Smith GD. Ecological study of social fragmentation, poverty, and suicide. BMJ 1999;319(7216):1034-1037.
  21. Qin P, Agerbo E, Westergard-Nielsen N, Eriksson T, Mortensen PB. Gender differences in risk factors for suicide in Denmark. Br J Psychiatry 2000;177:546-550.
  22. Qin P, Agerbo E, Mortensen PB. Suicide risk in relation to socioeconomic, demographic, psychiatric, and familial factors: a national register-based study of all suicides in Denmark, 1981-1997. Am J Psychiatry 2003;160(4):765-772.
  23. Möller-Leimkühler AM. The gender gap in suicide and premature death or: why are men so vulnerable? Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2003;253(1):1-8.
  24. Stack S. Suicide: a 15-year review of the sociological literature. Part I: cultural and economic factors. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2000;30(2):145-162.
  25. Vanderhorst RK, McLaren S. Social relationships as predictors of depression and suicidal ideation in older adults. Aging Ment Health 2005;9(6):517-525.
  26. Iribarren C, Sidney S, Jacobs DR Jr, Weisner C. Hospitalization for suicide attempt and completed suicide: epidemiological features in a managed care population. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2000;35(7):288-296.
  27. Kim HS. Understanding and primary prevention of elderly suicide. Korea J Popul Stud 2000;23(2):167-187 (Korean).
  28. Park JH, No YH, Wi DH. Clinical analysis of attempted suicide in the elderly. J Korean Soc Emerg Med 2001;12(2):135-142 (Korean).
  29. Callahan CM, Nienaber NA, Hendrie HC, Tierney WM. Depression of elderly outpatients: primary care physicians' attitudes and practice patterns. J Gen Intern Med 1992;7(1):26-31.
  30. Zimmerman SL. States' public welfare expenditures as predictors of state suicide rates. Suicide Life Threat Behav 1987;17(4):271-287.
  31. Monoiu C, Andres RA. The effect of public spending on suicide: evidence from U.S. state data. J Socio Econ 2008;37(1):237-261.
  32. Vanderhorst RK, McLaren S. Social relationships as predictors of depression and suicidal ideation in older adults. Aging Ment Health 2005;9(6):517-525.
  33. Jang SH. Society trends and characteristics of urban poverty in Korea. Welf Trends 1999;12:76-79 (Korean).
  34. Rehkopf DH, Buka SL. The association between suicide and the socio-economic characteristics of geographical areas: a systematic review. Psychol Med 2006;36(2):145-157.
  35. Kim HC. A study on the characteristics of adult suicide and suicidal type. Korean J Psychol Soc Issues 2006;12(1):15-33 (Korean).

피인용 문헌

  1. A nationwide, population-based, long-term follow-up study of repeated self-harm in Taiwan vol.12, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-744
  2. Life Cycle and Suicidal Behavior among Women vol.2013, pp.None, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/485851
  3. Association Between Local Government Social Expenditures and Mortality Levels in Korea vol.46, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2013.46.1.1
  4. Socioeconomic inequalities in health status in Korea vol.56, pp.3, 2012, https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2013.56.3.167
  5. 지역별 고의적 자해에 의한 사망수준에 관한 연구 vol.7, pp.3, 2012, https://doi.org/10.12811/kshsm.2013.7.3.287
  6. Overall, gender and social inequalities in suicide mortality in Iran, 2006–2010: a time trend province-level study vol.4, pp.8, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005227
  7. Deprivation and suicide mortality across 424 neighborhoods in Seoul, South Korea: a Bayesian spatial analysis vol.60, pp.8, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-015-0694-7
  8. The influence of regional deprivation index on personal happiness using multilevel analysis vol.37, pp.None, 2012, https://doi.org/10.4178/epih/e2015019
  9. Association between Air Pollution and Suicide in South Korea: A Nationwide Study vol.10, pp.2, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117929
  10. Trend of Suicide Rates According to Urbanity among Adolescents by Gender and Suicide Method in Korea, 1997–2012 vol.12, pp.5, 2012, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120505129
  11. Changes in South Korean urbanicity and suicide rates, 1992 to 2012 vol.5, pp.12, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009451
  12. Suicide attempts in Brazil, 1998–2014: an ecological study vol.16, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3619-3
  13. Understanding the contribution of suicide to life expectancy in South Korea vol.35, pp.None, 2016, https://doi.org/10.4054/demres.2016.35.22
  14. Epidemiology of Suicidal Behaviour in Shumadia District, Serbia: a Fifteen-year Retrospective Study vol.25, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.21101/cejph.a4306
  15. Posttraumatic Embitterment Disorder and Hwa-byung in the General Korean Population vol.14, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.4306/pi.2017.14.4.392
  16. The Impacts of Social Protection Policies and Programs on Suicide: A Literature Review vol.48, pp.3, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1177/0020731418767548
  17. Regional Differences in Years of Life Lost in Korea from 1997 to 2015 vol.33, pp.53, 2012, https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e330
  18. Socio-demographic and economics factors associated with suicide mortality in Iran, 2001–2010: application of a decomposition model vol.17, pp.None, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-018-0794-0
  19. 항우울제 사용 및 자살률의 지역적 편차에 대한 시각적 분석 vol.28, pp.4, 2012, https://doi.org/10.24304/kjcp.2018.28.4.308
  20. Regional Differences in Years of Life Lost in Korea from 1997 to 2015 vol.34, pp.suppl1, 2019, https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e91
  21. Tendencia de la mortalidad por suicidio en las áreas urbanas y rurales de Colombia, 1979-2014 vol.39, pp.2, 2012, https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v39i3.4427
  22. Design and Methods of the Korean National Investigations of 70,000 Suicide Victims Through Police Records (The KNIGHTS Study) vol.16, pp.10, 2012, https://doi.org/10.30773/pi.2019.07.14
  23. The influence of behavioural and socioeconomic factors on the community injury rates of adolescents assessed by the south Korean emergency medical services: an ecological approach vol.19, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7190-6
  24. Factors associated with the suicide rates in Korea vol.284, pp.None, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112745
  25. Effect of socioeconomic deprivation on outcomes of diabetes complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a nationwide population-based cohort study of South Korea vol.8, pp.1, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000729
  26. Factors Associated with Regional Years of Life Lost (YLLs) due to Suicide in South Korea vol.17, pp.14, 2012, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17144961
  27. Regional Variation of Suicide Mortality in South Korea vol.17, pp.15, 2012, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155433
  28. Regional Suicide Rate Change Patterns in Korea vol.17, pp.19, 2012, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17196973
  29. Cluster analysis of risky behaviors among the youth in Western Iran: Determining correlates and comparing clusters based on severity of disability and attitude toward mental health help-seeking vol.63, pp.5, 2012, https://doi.org/10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_1156_20
  30. Analysing spatial and temporal dynamics of suicide in South Korea: An application of the dynamic spatial panel data model vol.16, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.4081/gh.2021.964
  31. Suicidal Behaviors Among Ukrainian College Students: the Role of Substance Use, Religion, and Depression vol.19, pp.6, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00333-w