Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Monitoring of Heavy Metals in Vegetables in Korea

국내 유통 중인 채소류의 중금속 모니터링

  • Go, Myoung Jin (Gwangju Regional Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Lee, Jin Ha (National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Nutrition and Functional Food Research, Food Safety Evaluation Department) ;
  • Park, Eun Heui (Gwangju Regional Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Park, Sang Wook (Gwangju Regional Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Kim, In Kyung (Gwangju Regional Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Ji, Young Ae (Gwangju Regional Food and Drug Administration)
  • 고명진 (광주지방식품의약품안전청) ;
  • 이진하 (식품의약품안전평가원 식품위해평가부 영양기능식품연구팀) ;
  • 박은희 (광주지방식품의약품안전청) ;
  • 박상욱 (광주지방식품의약품안전청) ;
  • 김인경 (광주지방식품의약품안전청) ;
  • 지영애 (광주지방식품의약품안전청)
  • Received : 2011.10.11
  • Accepted : 2012.08.14
  • Published : 2012.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was carried out as a survey on the level of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg) in 5 items of agricultural products (lettuce, pumpkin, head lettuce, cabbage and crown daisy) for which safety guidelines are not yet established in Korea. The 407 samples were collected from local markets in 9 regional places and the levels of metals were measured by ICP-MS and mercury analyzer. The average levels of Pb, Cd, As and Hg were 0.026, 0.018, 0.008 and 0.003 mg/kg for lettuce, 0.002, 0.001, 0.001 and 0.0006 mg/kg for pumpkin, 0.002, 0.005, 0.001 and 0.0005 mg/kg for head lettuce, 0.001, 0.002, 0.0002 and 0.0006 mg/kg for cabbage and 0.022, 0.014, 0.006 and 0.004 mg/kg for crown daisy. For risk assessment, the daily dietary exposures of Pb, Cd and Hg by intake of these agricultural products were calculated and compared with PTWI (provisional tolerable weekly intake) established by JECFA. The daily dietary exposure of heavy metals by intake of these agricultural products were 0.13, 0.56 and 0.09% of PTWI, respectively. These monitoring results will be utilized as fundamental data for the establishment of Korean standards of Pb, Cd, As and Hg in 5 items of agricultural products and valuable source for DB construction for science-based safety control of heavy metals in foods including agricultural products.

본 연구는 기준 미설정 국내 유통 농산물 5품목 (상추, 호박, 양상추, 양배추, 쑥갓)의 기준 규격 설정을 위해 모니터링 자료를 확보하고자 전국에서 총 407건의 시료를 수거하여 ICP-MS와 수은분석기를 이용하여 납, 카드뮴, 비소 및 수은의 함량을 분석하였다. 대상 농산물 5품목의 납의 평균 함량은 0.001~0.026 mg/kg, 카드뮴은 0.001~0.018 mg/kg, 비소는 0.001~0.008 mg/kg, 수은은 0.0005~0.004 mg/kg 이었다. 모든 시료의 납, 카드뮴 함량은 채소류의 Codex 허용기준 (엽채류:납 0.3 mg/kg 카드뮴 0.2 mg/kg, 과채류: 납 0.1 mg/kg, 카드뮴 0.05 mg/kg)보다 낮은 수준이었다. 본 연구의 모니터링 결과와 2008년 국민건강영양조사의 식품별 1일 평균섭취량을 근거로 위해평가를 실시한 결과 조사대상 농산물 모두를 1일 평균섭취량으로 섭취한다고 하더라도 납, 카드뮴, 수은의 섭취량은 모두 PTWI 값의 1% 이하의 수준인 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과는 조사대상 농산물 5품목의 중금속 오염도와 이들의 섭취에 의한 위해도가 모두 낮은 수준이라는 것을 보여준다.

Keywords

References

  1. Yoo HY, Jung JJ, Choi EJ, Kang ST.: Heavy metal contents of vegetables from Korean market. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 42, 502-507 (2010).
  2. Holmgren GG, Meyer SM, Chaney RL, Daniels RB.: Cadmium, lead, zinc, copper, and nickel in agricultural soils of the United States of America. J. Environ. Qual, 22, 335-348 (1993).
  3. UNEP/FAO/WHO. The Contamination of Food. UNEP, Nairobi, Kenya (1992).
  4. Berg T, Licht D.:International legislation on trace elements as contaminants in food: A review. Food Addit. Contam. 19, 916-927 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1080/02652030210156359
  5. WHO. Cadmium. Environmental Health Criteria, Geneva. Vol. 134 (1992).
  6. WHO. Lead. Environmental Health Criteria, Geneva. Vol. 165 (1995).
  7. Kim, M.H., Lee, Y.D., Park, J.J., Park, S.K. and Lee, J.O.: Contents of heavy metals in soybean curd and starch jelly consumed in Korea. Korea j. Food sci. technol., 37, 1-5 (2005).
  8. KFDA, Food Code. Korea Food and Drug Administration. Cheongwon, Korea. pp. 10-7-1 (2009).
  9. KFDA, Food Code. Korea Food and Drug Administration. Cheongwon, Korea. pp. 10-7-1 (2009).
  10. Tomsen V, Schatzlein D, Mercuro D.: Limits of detection in spectroscopy. Spectroscopy 18, 112-114 (2003).
  11. Baffi C, Bettinelli M, Beone M, Spezia S.: Comparison of different analytcal procedures in the determination of trace element in lichen. Chemosphere 48, 299-306 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(02)00094-2
  12. D'Ilio S, Petrucci F, Amato MD, Gregorio MD, Senofonte O, Violante N.: Method validation for determination of aresenic, cadmium, chromium and lead in milk by means of dynamic reaction cell inductively coupled plasma mass spetrometry. Analytica Chemica Acta. 624, 59-67 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2008.06.024
  13. Bardi EP, Evangelista FS, Tormen L, SaintPierre TD, Curtius AJ, Souza SS, Barbosa F.: The use of inductively coupled plsma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) for the determination of toxic and essential elements in different types of food samples. Food Chem. 112, 727-732 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.06.010
  14. Min-Kyung Kim, Won-Il Kim, Coo-Bok Jung and Sun-Gang Yun: Safety Assessment of heavy metals in agricultural products of korea. Korea journal of Environmental Agriculture. 20, 169-174 (2001).
  15. Goo-Bok Jung, Ko-Yeol Jung, Guk-Hyun Cho, Beung-Gan Jung and Kyu-Sik Kim: Heavy metal contents in soils and vegetables in the plastic film house. J.Korea soc. soil sci. fert. 30, 152-160 (1997).
  16. Meehye Kim, Jung Soo Kim, You Sub Sho, So-Young chung and Jong Ok Lee: The study on heavy metal contents in various foods. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 35, 561-567 (2003).
  17. Jung-Suk Park, Hwan-Sik Na: Analysis of trace metal in agriculural products. KOREAN J. FOOD & NUTR. 13, 595-601 (2000).

Cited by

  1. Monitoring of Heavy Metal Contents in Commercial Herbal Medicines in Korea: Cultivated Herbal Medicines in the Seoul and Daegu Areas vol.41, pp.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5668/JEHS.2015.41.1.30
  2. Development of a mercury database for food commonly consumed by Koreans vol.47, pp.5, 2014, https://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2014.47.5.364