References
- 김영진, 구정회, 유종윤, 등. 뇌성마비 환아의 부분 체중 부하를 이용한 트래드밀 보행 훈련의 치료 효과. 대한재활의학회지, 2004;28(5):444-448.
- 김현우, 곽윤해. 경직성 뇌성마비 환자의 보행능력 향상을 위한 근골격계 수술. 대한의사협회지. 2008;51(5):475-482.
- 나동욱. 경직성 편측 뇌성마비 환아의 첨족 보행에 대한 수술적 치료 후 보행양상의 변화. 연세대학교 대학원 의학과, 석사학위논문. 2004.
- 이정림. 뇌성마비 아동에서 대동작 기능평가(GMFM)와 보행의 시공간적변수와의 관계. 한국전문물리치료학회지. 2001;8(1):20-34.
- Baddar A, Granata K, Damiano DL, et al. Ankle and knee coupling in patients with spastic diplegia: Effects of gastrocnemius-soleus lengthening. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2002;84-A(5):736-744.
- Begnoche DM, Pitetti KH. Effects of traditional treatment and partial body weight treadmill training on the motor skills of children with spastic cerebral palsy: A pilot study. Pediatric Physical Therapy. 2007;19(1):11. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.pep.0000250023.06672.b6
- Berbrayer D, Ashby P. Reciprocal inhibition in cerebral palsy. Neurology. 1990;40(4):653-656. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.40.4.653
- Buzzi U, Ulrich B. Dynamic stability of gait cycles as a function of speed and system constraints. Motor Control. 2004;8(3):241-254.
- Campbell SK, Palisano RV, Vander Linden DW. Physical Therapy for children. 3rd ed. St. Louise Missouri, Saunders elsevier, 2006:183-187.
- Cipriani D, Armstrong C, Gaul S. Backward walking at three levels of treadmill inclination: An electromyographic and kinematic analysis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1995;22(3):95. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.1995.22.3.95
- Damiano DL, Abel MF. Relation of gait analysis to gross motor function in cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1996;38(5):389-396.
- Flynn TW, Soutas-Little RW. Mechanical power and muscle action during forward and backward running. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1993;17(2):108-112. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.1993.17.2.108
- Gage JR. Novacheck TF. An update on the treatment of gait problems in cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Orthop B. 2001;10(4):265-274. https://doi.org/10.1097/01202412-200110000-00001
- Grasso R, Bianchi L, Lacquaniti F. Motor patterns for human gait: Backward versus forward locomotion. J Neurophysiol. 1998;80(4):1868-1885.
- Grieve DW, Gear RJ. The relationships between length of stride, step frequency, time of swing and speed of walking for children and adults. Ergonomics. 1966;9(5):379-399. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140136608964399
- Herbin M, Hackert R, Gasc JP, et al. Gait parameters of treadmill versus overground locomotion in mouse. Behav Brain Res. 2007;181(2):173-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2007.04.001
- Himmelmann K, Hagberg G, Beckung E, et al. The changing panorama of cerebral palsy in Sweden. IX. Prevalence and origin in the birth year period 1995-1998. Acta Paediatr. 2005;94(3):287-294. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2005.tb03071.x
- Hooper TL, Dunn DM, Props JE, et al. The effects of graded forward and backward walking on heart rate and oxygen consumption. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2004;34(2):65-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2003.06.004
- Kadaba MP, Ramakrishnan HK, Wootten ME. Measurement of lower extremity kinematics during level walking. J Orthop Res. 1990;8(3):383-392. https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.1100080310
- Kerr C, McDowell BC, Parkes J, et al. Age-related changes in energy efficiency of gait, activity, and participation in children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2011;53(1):61-67. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2010.03795.x
- Koman LA, Smith BP, Tingey CT, et al. The effect of botulinum toxin type A injections on the natural history of equinus foot deformity in paediatric cerebral palsy patients. Eur J Neurol. 1999;6(S4):s19-s22. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1331.1999.tb00030.x
- Lespargot A, Renaudin E, Khouri N, et al. Extensibility of hip adductors in children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1994;36(11):980-988.
- Macko RF, Smith GL, Dobrovolny CL, et al. Treadmill training improves fitness reserve in chronic stroke patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabili. 2001;82(7):879-884. https://doi.org/10.1053/apmr.2001.23853
- Masumoto K, Takasugi S, Hotta N, et al. A comparison of muscle activity and heart rate response during backward and forward walking on an underwater treadmill. Gait Posture. 2007;25(2):222-228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2006.03.013
- Massagli TL. Spasticity and its management in children. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2001;2:867-889.
- Miller F. Physical Therapy of Cerebral Palsy: Rehabilitation techniques. section II. Springer, 2007:346-348.
- Molina-Rueda F, Aguila-Maturana AM, Molina-Rueda MJ, et al. Treadmill training with or without partial body weight support in children with cerebral palsy: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Neurol. 2010;51(3):135-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.12.082
- Mutlu A, Krosschell K, Spira DG. Treadmill training with partial body weight support in children with cerebral palsy: A systematic review. Dev Med Child Neurolo. 2009;51(4):268-275. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2008.03221.x
- Pereira LC, Botelho AC, Martins EF. Relationships between body symmetry during weight-bearing and functional reach among chronic hemiparetic patients. Rev Bras Fisioter. 2010;14(3):229-266. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-35552010000300007
- Perry J, Burnfield JM. Gait Analysis: Normal and Pathological Function. 2nd ed. Danver, Slack, 2010:4-6.
- Perry J, Burnfield JM. Gait Analysis: Normal and Pathological Function. 2nd ed. Danver, Slack, 2010:347-356.
- Pin T, Dyke P, Chan M. The effectiveness of passive stretching in children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2006;48(10):855-862. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206001836
- Pirpiris M, Trivett A, Baker R, et al. Femoral derotation osteotomy in spastic diplegia: Proximal or distal?. J Bone Joint Surg B. 2005;85(2): 265-272.
- Provost B, Dieruf K, Burtner PA, et al. Endurance and gait in children with cerebral palsy after intensive body weight-supported treadmill training. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2007;19(1):2. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.pep.0000249418.25913.a3
- Puh U, Baer GD. A comparison of treadmill walking and overground walking in independently ambulant stroke patients: A pilot study. Disabil Rehabil. 2009;31(3):202-210. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638280801903039
- Richards CL, Malouin F, Dumas F. Effects of a single session of prolonged plantarflexor stretch on muscle activations during gait in spastic cerebral palsy. Scand J Rehabil Med. 1991;23(2): 103-111.
- Rose DK, Giuliani CA. A Comparison of overground walking and treadmill walking in patients with cerebral vascular lesion. J Neurol Phys Ther. 1993;17(4):23.
- Rosen S, Tucker CA, Lee SC. Gait energy efficiency in children with cerebral palsy. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2006;1:1220-1223.
- Rosenbaum P, Daneth N, Leviton A, et al. A report: The definition and classification of cerebral palsy april 2006. Dev Med Child Neurol Suppl. 2009;2(109):8-14.
- Schindl MR, Forstner C, Kern H, et al. Treadmill training with partial body weight support in nonambulatory patients with cerebral palsy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2000;81(3):301-306. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9993(00)90075-3
- Schot PK, Decker MJ. The force driven harmonic oscillator model accurately predicts the preferred stride frequency for backward walking. Hum Mov Sci. 1998;17:67-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-9457(97)00019-5
- Tardieu C, Huet de la Taur E, Bret MD, et al. Muscle hypoextensibility in children with cerebral palsy: I. Clinical and experimental observations. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1982;63 (3):97-102.
- Tardieu C, Lespargot A, Tabary C, et al. For how long must the soleus muscle be stretched each day to prevent contracture? Devel Med Child Neurol. 1988;30(1):3-10. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.1988.tb04720.x
- Thaut MH, Leins AK, Rice RR, et al. Rhythmic auditory stimulation improves gait more than NDT/Bobath training in near-ambulatory patients early poststroke: A single-blind, randomized trial. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2007;21(5):455-459. https://doi.org/10.1177/1545968307300523
- Threlkeld AJ, Horn TS, Wojtowicz G, et al. Kinematics, ground reaction force, and muscle balance produced by backward running. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1989;11(2):56-63. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.1989.11.2.56
- Van Deursen RW, Flynn TW, McCrory JL, et al. Does a single control mechanism exist for both forward and backward walking?. Gait Posture. 1998;7(3):214-224. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0966-6362(98)00007-1
- Visintin M, Barbeau H, Korner-Bitensky N, et al. A new approach to retrain gait in stroke patients through body weight support and treadmill stimulation. Stroke. 1998;29(6):1122-1128. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.29.6.1122
- WaagfjOrd J, Levangie PK, Certo CM. Effects of treadmill training on gait in a hemiparetic patient. Phys Ther. 1990;70(9):549-558.
- White R, Agouris I, Selbie RD, et al. The variability of force platform data in normal and cerebral palsy gait. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 1999 ;14(3):185-192. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0268-0033(99)80003-5
- Willoughby K, Dodd KJ, Shields N. A systematic review of the effectiveness of treadmill training for children with cerebral palsy. Disabil Rehabil. 2009;31(24):1971-1979. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638280902874204
- Willoughby K, Ang SG, Thomason P, et al. The impact of botulinum toxin A and abduction bracing on long-term hip development in children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2012;54(8):743-747. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2012.04340.x
- Wu J, Looper J, Ulrich DA. Effects of various treadmill interventions on the development of joint kinematics in infants with down syndrome. Phys Ther. 2101;90(9):1265-1276. https://doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20090281
Cited by
- The Effect of Backward Walking Exercise using a Mirror on Balance and Gait in Patients with Stroke vol.13, pp.2, 2018, https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2018.13.2.53
- 패브릭 발목 보조기가 경직성 뇌성마비 아동의 시공간적 보행 변수에 미치는 즉각적인 효과 vol.21, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.12674/ptk.2014.21.1.029