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Characterization and β-secretase Inhibitory Activity of Water-soluble Polysaccharides Isolated from Phellinus linteus Fruiting Body

상황버섯 자실체로부터 분리된 수용성 다당류의 특성 분석 및 이의 베타 시크리타아제 활성 저해효과

  • Jo, Hang Soo (Department of Biotechnology & Research Center for Biopharmaceutical Lead Molecule, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Choi, Doo Jin (Department of Biotechnology & Research Center for Biopharmaceutical Lead Molecule, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Chung, Mi Ja (Department of Biotechnology & Research Center for Biopharmaceutical Lead Molecule, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Park, Jae Kweon (Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University) ;
  • Park, Yong Il (Department of Biotechnology & Research Center for Biopharmaceutical Lead Molecule, The Catholic University of Korea)
  • 조항수 (가톨릭대학교 생명공학과 & 가톨릭대학교 GRRC 생체의약선도분자연구센터) ;
  • 최두진 (가톨릭대학교 생명공학과 & 가톨릭대학교 GRRC 생체의약선도분자연구센터) ;
  • 정미자 (가톨릭대학교 생명공학과 & 가톨릭대학교 GRRC 생체의약선도분자연구센터) ;
  • 박제권 (가천대학교 약과학과) ;
  • 박용일 (가톨릭대학교 생명공학과 & 가톨릭대학교 GRRC 생체의약선도분자연구센터)
  • Received : 2012.11.17
  • Accepted : 2012.11.22
  • Published : 2012.12.31

Abstract

A key molecule in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the ${\beta}$-amyloid peptide ($A{\beta}$) generated by ${\beta}$-secretase activity, an aspartic protease. This study was designed to evaluate inhibitory effect of the high-molecular weight water-soluble polysaccharides (Et-P) isolated and purified from Phellinus linteus fruiting body on ${\beta}$-secretase activity. The Et-P was purified from the hot water extract of Phellinus linteus fruiting body mainly by 75% ethanol precipitation and DEAE-Cellulose column chromatography. From the DEAE-Cellulose chromato-gram and molecular weight analysis, the Et-P was shown to be a mixture of three polysaccharides with molecular mass of 1,629, 1,294, and 21 kDa, respectively. The monosaccharide composition of Et-P was determined to be glu-cose, galactose, and mannose as major sugars, glucose being the most prominent one (48% in mole percentage). The elemental analysis and FT-IR analysis suggested that Et-P is typical polysaccharides having at least partially ${\beta}$-linkages and possible existing as complex with phenolic compounds. The laminarinase digestion and HPAEC-PAD analysis suggested that Et-P is a variant of beta-(1,3)-glucans. The Et-P showed DPPH radical scavenging activity and, especially, a significant inhibitory activity on ${\beta}$-secreatase activity (48% inhibitin at 100 ${\mu}g/mL$), suggesting that they may inhibit the formation of $A{\beta}$ which is the major causative of Alzheimer's disease. The results of this study suggest that the water soluble polysaccharides of Phellinus linteus fruiting body can be a potent material for the development of preventive or therapeutic agents for AD.

알츠하이머병(Alzheimer's disease, AD) 의 진행과정의 주요 분자는 베타아밀로이드 펩타이드(${\beta}$-amyloid peptide, $A{\beta}$)이며, $A{\beta}$ 생성에 가장 중요한 작용을 하는 효소가 ${\beta}$-secretase이다. 본 연구에서는 상황버섯 자실체로부터 수용성 고분자물을 분리, 정제하였고, 이들 고분자물이 주로 glucose, galactose, mannose 등으로 구성되어 있고, 특히, glucose 함량이 가장 많은 glucan의 일종으로서, FT-IR 구조분석, laminarinase 효소분석에 의한 결합구조 분석 등의 결과로부터, 최소한 일정 부분 beta-(1,3)-결합구조를 갖는 beta-glucans 들의 일종이고, beta-(1,6)-결합의 분지를 갖는 beta-(1,3)(1,6)-glucan은 아닌 beta-(1,3)-glucans임을 확인하였다. Et-P는 분자량이 각각 1,629, 1,294, 21 kDa인 다당류들로서, FT-IR 분석과 원소분석의 결과로 볼 때, Et-P가 페놀성(phenolic) 물질과 복합체 형태로 존재하는 다당류일 것으로 판단되었다. 상황버섯 자실체 열수 추출물로부터 분리된 수용성 다당류인 Et-P는 DPPH radical 소거능을 보이고, 특히, 뇌신경세포 사멸에 의한 치매 유발 물질로 알려진 베타-아밀로이드 펩타이드($A{\beta}$)를 생성하는 ${\beta}$-secretase 효소의 활성을 현저히 저해하는 효과를 나타냈다. 이는 상황버섯 자실체 유래 수용성 다당류인 Et-P가 향 후 보다 심도 깊은 연구를 통해 항치매 효과를 나타내는 건강 식의약소재로 개발될 가능성이 있음을 보였다.

Keywords

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