Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention (아시아태평양암예방학회)
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Translating Evidence into Practice in Low Resource Settings: Cervical Cancer Screening Tests are Only Part of the Solution in Rural India

  • Isaac, Rita (RUHSA Department, Christian Medical College) ;
  • Finkel, Madelon (Weill Cornell Medical College) ;
  • Olver, Ian (Cancer Council Australia) ;
  • Annie, I.K. (RUHSA Department, Christian Medical College) ;
  • Prashanth, H.R. (RUHSA Department, Christian Medical College) ;
  • Subhashini, J. (Dept of Radiotherapy, Christian Medical College) ;
  • Viswanathan, P.N. (RUHSA Department, Christian Medical College) ;
  • Trevena, Lyndal J. (Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney)
  • Published : 2012.08.31
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Abstract

Background: The majority of women in rural India have poor or no access to cervical cancer screening services, although one.quarter of all cervical cancers in the world occur there. Several large trials have proven the efficacy of low-tech cervical cancer screening methods in the Indian context but none have documented the necessary components and processes of implementing this evidence in a low-resource setting. Methods: This paper discusses a feasible model of implementation of cervical cancer screening programme in low-resource settings developed through a pilot research project carried out in rural Tamilnadu, India. The programme used visual inspection of cervix after acetic acid application (VIA) as a screening tool, nurses in the primary care centres as the primary screeners and peer educators within Self-Help Women groups to raise community awareness. Results: The uptake of screening was initially low despite the access to a screening programme. However, the programme witnessed an incremental increase in the number of women accessing screening with increasing community awareness. Conclusions: The investigators recommend 4 key components to programme implementation in low-resource setting: 1) Evidence-based, cost-effective test and treatment available within the reach of the community; 2) Appropriate referral pathways; 3) Skilled health workers and necessary equipment; and 4) Optimisation of health literacy, beliefs, attitudes of the community.

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References

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