ETRI Journal

Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (한국전자통신연구원)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

New Approach to Inter-domain Multicast Protocols

  • Received : 2010.07.09
  • Accepted : 2010.10.11
  • Published : 2011.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

IPTV broadcast channels and video content distribution are increasingly saturating network paths. New solutions based on inter-domain multicast protocols could contribute to the enhancement of multimedia content distribution over the Internet. The aim of this paper is to propose new capabilities for an existing inter-domain multicast protocol, the Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode. We describe the modified protocol and analyze its behavior using newly developed tools based on an open-source software simulator. The resulting protocol does not require topology information, which is advantageous for easier deployment. In addition, the adopted solution avoids inherent problems with inter-domain multicast routing, such as multiple paths and path asymmetries.

Keywords

References

  1. S. Androutsellis-Theotokis and D. Spinellis, "A Survey of Peer-to- Peer Content Distribution Technologies," ACM Computing Surveys, vol. 36, no. 4, Dec. 2004, pp. 335-371. https://doi.org/10.1145/1041680.1041681
  2. M. Pathan, R. Buyya, and A. Vakali, "CDNs: State of the Art, Insights, and Imperatives," Content Delivery Netw., Springer- Verlag, vol. 9, Part 1, 2008, pp. 3-32.
  3. IETF RFC 4602, "Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode", Aug. 2006.
  4. IETF RFC 1112, "Host Extensions for IP Multicasting," Aug. 1989.
  5. S. Deering and D. Cheriton, "Multicast Routing in Datagram Internetworks and Extended LANs," ACM Trans. Comput. Syst., vol. 8, no. 2, May 1990, pp. 85-110. https://doi.org/10.1145/78952.78953
  6. R. Pérez Leal, E. Pastor Martín and J.A. Cachinero, "Internet TV Broadcast: What Next?" 4th Int. Conf. Digital Telecommun., July 2009, pp. 71-74.
  7. IETF RFC 5110, "Overview of the Internet Multicast Routing Architecture," Jan. 2008.
  8. IETF RFC 3376, "Internet Group Management Protocol," Version 3, Oct. 2002.
  9. IETF RFC 3810, "Multicast Listener Discovery Version 2 for IPv6," June 2004.
  10. IETF RFC 3618, "Multicast Source Discovery Protocol," Oct. 2003.
  11. M. Bag-Mohammadi and N. Yazdani, "Next Branch Multicast (NBM) Routing Protocol," Computer Netw., vol. 49, no. 6, 2005, pp. 878-897. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2005.02.007
  12. G. Agrawal and J. Agrawal, "The Global Multicast Routing Protocol-A New Architecture for Hierarchical Multicast Routing," IEEE Int. Conf. Commun., vol. 3, May 2003, pp. 1770- 1774.
  13. N. Ishikawa et al., "Domain Constrained Multicast: A New Approach for IP Multicast Routing," Telecommun. Syst., vol. 27, no. 2-4, 2004, pp. 207-227. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:TELS.0000041009.95732.58
  14. A. Costa et al., "Policy Aware QoS Inter-domain Multicast Routing," Workshop High Performance Switching Routing, June 2003, pp. 275-280.
  15. L.H. Costa, S. Fdida, and O.C. Duarte, "Hop by Hop Multicast Routing Protocol," SIGCOMM, Aug. 2001, pp. 249-259.
  16. B. Zhang et al., "Universal IP Multicast Delivery," Computer Networks, vol. 50, no. 6, 2006, pp. 781-806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2005.07.016
  17. K.-W.R. Cheuk, "Island Multicast: The Combination of IP Multicast with Application-Level Multicast," IEEE Int. Conf. Commun., vol. 3, June 2004, pp. 1141-1145.
  18. A. Costa et al., "A New Path Probing Strategy for Inter-domain Multicast Routing," Next Generation Internet Netw., Apr. 2005, pp. 9-15.
  19. IETF RFC 4610, "Anycast-RP Using Protocol Independent Multicast," Aug. 2006.
  20. A. Varga and R. Hornig, "An Overview of the OMNeT++ Simulation Environment," 1st Int. Conf. Simulation Tools Techniques for Commun. Netw. Syst., Mar. 2008.
  21. INET Framework for OMNeT++ 3.x. Available at: http:// www.omnetpp.org/pmwiki/index.php?n=Main.INETFramework (accessed 19 Apr. 2010).
  22. T. Gamer and M. Scharf, "Realistic Simulation Environments for IP-based Networks," 1st Int. Conf. Simulation Tools Techniques Commun. Netw. Syst., 2008, Mar. 2008.
  23. G. Hari et al., "An Experimental Study of Router Buffer Sizing for Mixed TCP and Real-Time Traffic," 14th IEEE Int. Conf. Netw., Sept. 2006, pp. 1-6.
  24. K. Papagiannaki et al., "Measurement and Analysis of Single-Hop Delay on an IP Backbone Network," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 21, no. 6, Aug. 2003, pp. 908-921. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSAC.2003.814410
  25. R.C. Chalmers and K.C. Almeroth, "On the Topology of Multicast Trees," IEEE/ACM Trans. Networking, vol. 11, no. 1, Feb. 2003, pp. 153-165. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNET.2002.804835
  26. S. Heimlicher, Towards Resilience Against Node Failures in Overlay Multicast Schemes, Doctoral Dissertation, Zurich Institute of Technology, Aug. 2004.
  27. R. Chalmers and K. Almeroth, "Developing a Multicast Metric," IEEE Global Telecomun. Conf., Nov. 2000, pp. 382-386.
  28. IEEE Global Telecomun. Conf., Nov. 2000, pp. 382-386.