DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

잔류응력을 고려한 압연강 용접구조물의 X-ray 회절법에 의한 파괴 역학적 고찰

Fracture Mechanics Approach to X-Ray Diffraction Method for Spot Welded Lap Joint Structure of Rolled Steel Considered Residual Stress

  • 투고 : 2011.05.09
  • 심사 : 2011.06.30
  • 발행 : 2011.10.01

초록

용접이음부의 신뢰성 확보는 구조물의 건전성과 내구성에 직접적인 영향을 미치기 때문에 점용접 이음재의 피로설계기준(fatigue design criterion)을 정하기 위해서는 정확한 응력해석과 체계적인 피로강도평가가 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 실제 전동차량 차체에 많이 적용되는 냉간 및 열간압연강판인 SPCC, SPCE, SPHE을 대상으로 기하학적 인자(geometrical factors)들을 선별해서 TS형과 CT형의 대표적인 점용접 이음재 시험편을 기본모델로 하여 인장전단하중을 가하여 피로강도 및 피로특성을 평가하고자 하였다. 그리고 피로균열의 발생과 성장 기구에 대한 영향을 분석하기위해 용접 시 발생되는 여러 가지 주요인자들 중 입열량에 의해 발생할 수 있는 용접잔류응력을 X-ray 회절법에 의해 실험적으로 해석하였다. 그리고 이러한 해석을 통하여 얻어진 결과를 중첩(superposition)함으로 해서 잔류응력을 고려했을 경우 너깃 단 최대주응력으로 피로강도를 재평가하여 합리적인 피로설계기준(fatigue design criterion)을 재정립하고자 하였다.

Cold and hot-rolled carbon steel sheets are commonly used in railroad cars or commercial vehicles such as the automobile. The sheets used in these applications are mainly fabricated by spot welding, which is a type of electric resistance welding. However, the fatigue strength of a spot-welded joint is lower than that of the base metal because of high stress concentration at the nugget edge of the spot-welded part. In particular, the fatigue strength of the joint is influenced by not only geometrical and mechanical factors but also the welding conditions for the spot-welded joint. Therefore, there is a need for establishing a reasonable criterion for a long-life design for spot-welded structures. In this thesis, ${\Delta}P-N_f$ relation curves have been used to determine a long-life fatigue-design criterion for thin-sheet structures. However, as these curves vary under the influence of welding conditions, mechanical conditions, geometrical factors, etc. It is very difficult to systematically determine a fatigue-design criterion on the basis of these curves. Therefore, in order to eliminate such problems, the welding residual stresses generated during welding and the stress distributions around the weld generated by external forces were numerically and experimentally analyzed on the basis of the results, reassessed fatigue strength of gas welded joints.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Baek, S. Y., 2010, "A Study on Fatigue Design of STS301L Fillet Welded Joint," Trans of the KSME A, Vol. 34, No. 5, pp.561-565. https://doi.org/10.3795/KSME-A.2010.34.5.561
  2. Bae, D. H., 1991, " Fracture Mechanical Fatigue Strength Evaluation of a Single Spot Welded Lap Joint Subject to Tensile Shear Load," Journal of KSAE, 13-5, pp.42-50.
  3. Kim. C. H., Cho. S. Y. and Kim. B. K., 2001, "The Effects of Geometrical Shapes and Post Weld Heat Treatment on the Welding Residual Stress Distribution of Multi-welded Pipe Weld," Journal of KWS, Vol.19, pp.49-57.
  4. Niisawa, J. E. and Tomioka, N., 1988, "Theoretical Analysis of Stress Distribution of Single Spot Welded Lap Joint Under Tension-shear Load," Transection of JSAE, No.39, pp.627-630.
  5. Materials Research Society of Japan, 1981, "Standard for Method of X-ray Stress Measurement," Division for Strength of Materials, pp.61-137.
  6. Bae, D. H., 1988, " Stress Distribution and Fatigue Strength Evaluation of a Single Elliptical Spot Welded Lap Joint under Tension-Shear Load," Transaction of JSAE, No.39, pp.98-104.