Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences (한국항공우주학회지)

The Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences (한국항공우주학회)
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Research Activities of Transpiration Cooling for High-Performance Flight Engines

고성능 비행체 엔진을 위한 분출냉각의 연구동향

  • 황기영 (국방과학연구소 1본부 5부) ;
  • 김유일 (국방과학연구소 1본부 5부)
  • Received : 2011.07.01
  • Accepted : 2011.09.22
  • Published : 2011.10.01
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Abstract

Transpiration cooling is the most effective cooling technique for the high-performance liquid rockets and air-breathing engines operating in aggressive environments with higher pressures and temperatures. When applying transpiration cooling, combustor liners and turbine blades/vanes are cooled by the coolant(air or fuel) passing through their porous walls and also the exit coolant acting as an insulating film. Practical implementation of the cooling technique has been hampered by the limitations of available porous materials. But advances in metal-joining techniques have led to the development of multi-laminate porous structures such as Lamilloy$^{(R)}$ fabricated from several diffusion-bonded, etched metal thin sheets. And also with the availability of lightweight, ceramic matrix composites(CMC), transpiration cooling now seems to be a promising technique for high-performance engine cooling. This paper reviews recent research activities of transpiration cooling and its applications to gas turbines, liquid rockets, and the engines for hypersonic vehicles.

분출냉각은 높은 압력과 온도의 가혹한 환경에서 운용되는 고성능 액체로켓과 공기흡입엔진을 위한 가장 효과적인 냉각방법이다. 분출냉각이 적용되는 경우, 연소기 라이너와 터빈 블레이드/베인은 다공질 벽면을 통과하는 냉각재(공기 또는 연료)뿐만 아니라 차단막으로 작용하는 벽면을 빠져나온 냉각재에 의해 냉각된다. 이러한 냉각기술의 실용화는 가용한 다공질 재료의 부재로 인해 제한을 받아왔다. 그러나 금속결합 기술의 발전으로 확산접합과 식각된 얇은 금속판으로 제작한 Lamilloy$^{(R)}$와 같은 다층 기공 구조물이 개발되었다. 그리고 또한 경량 세라믹 매트릭스 복합재료가 개발됨에 따라 분출냉각은 근래 고성능 엔진 냉각을 위한 유망 기술로 여겨지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 분출냉각의 최근 연구동향 및 가스터빈, 액체로켓 및 극초음속 비행체 엔진에 이의 적용사례를 고찰하였다.

Keywords

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