Journal of Life Science (생명과학회지)

Korean Society of Life Science (한국생명과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Effects of Health Fitness and Body Composition in Elderly Men for 16 Weeks of Tai Chi Exercise

16주간의 태극권 운동이 남자 고령자들의 건강체력 및 신체조성에 미치는 영향

  • Kim, Cheol-Woo (Department of Physical Education, Dong-Eui University)
  • Received : 2011.04.17
  • Accepted : 2011.08.25
  • Published : 2011.08.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Exercise has been shown to positively influence quality of life for elderly men with a wide variety of medical illnesses. Tai chi exercise, a slow and graceful form of exercise and meditation, has especially been offered as the ideal exercise for elderly men with diverse conditions, such as people suffering from chronic heart failure or breast cancer survivors. In one recent study, Tai Chi was found to improve exercise capacity, sleep stability, and quality of life in heart failure patients including elderly men. The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of 16 weeks of Tai Chi exercise (3 times/week, 60 min/trial, 40-50% HRR) on physical and physiological changes. Sixty four healthy volunteers without any particular disease between the ages of 65 and 79 years participated in the study. The results were as follows; Significant changes of cardiac endurance, strength, muscle endurance, flexibility and balance were observed following 16 weeks of Tai Chi exercise (p<0.05). In addition, significant changes of diastolic blood pressure, body fat and fat-free mass were observed following 16 weeks of Tai Chi exercise (p<0.05). These findings suggest that a brief period of Tai Chi exercise is beneficial, particularly to elderly men. It is especially beneficial for body composition, and physical fitness factors such as cardiopulmonary endurance, muscle endurance, flexibility, and balance. Further study is needed in this area for specific disease patients.

본 연구는 65세 이상 79세 사이의 남자고령자를 대상으로 16주간의 태극권 운동프로그램을 통해 신체적, 생리적 변화를 살펴보았으며, 일상생활을 영위하기 위한 신체적, 생리적 건강의 척도가 될 수 있는 건강체력과 신체조성의 변화에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 그 효과를 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 건강체력 요인의 심폐지구력, 근지구력, 유연성, 평형성은 유의한(p<0.05) 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 신체조성 요인의 이완기 혈압과 체지방, 제지방에서 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 태극권 운동프로그램이 고령화 시기에 건강체력과 신체조성 요인에서 긍정적인 변화를 가져옴으로써 건강체력관련 요인이 상당부분 개선된 것으로 나타났는데 이와 같은 긍정적인 변화는 남자고령자에 건강한 신체활동을 위해서는 체력을 증진, 유지시키는 것이 중요하다. 특히, 규칙적인 태극권 운동이 어느 정도 영향을 미치는지에 대한 생리학적 기전을 명확하게 규명하기 위해서는 연령별 및 성별에 따라 다양한 측면에서 검토 되어야 할 필요성이 있으며, 고령화 사회에 대비한 구체적이고도 현실적인 연구가 지속적으로 이루어져야 할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Barbosa, A. R., J. M. Santarém, W. J. Filho, and F. MarucciMde. 2002. Effects of resistance training on the sit-and-reach test in elderly women. J. Streh. Cond. Res. 16, 14-18.
  2. Blair, S. N., N. H. Goodyear, L. W. Gibbons, and K. H. Cooper. 1984. Physical fitness and incidence of hypertension in healthy Normotensive men and women. J. Ame. Med. 252, 487-490.
  3. Blair, S. N., H. W. Kohl 3rd, R. S. Paffenbarger, D. G. Clark, K. H. Cooper, and L. W. Gibbons. 1989. Physical fitness and all-cause mortality. Aprospective study of healthy men and women. J. Ame. Med. 3, 2395-2401.
  4. Bruce, R. A., M. N. Cooper, G. O. Gey, L. D. Fisher, and D. R. Peterson. 1973. Variations in responses to maximal exercise in health and in cardiovascular disease. J. Angiology 24, 691-702. https://doi.org/10.1177/000331977302401105
  5. Daley, M. J. and W. L. Spinks. 2000. Exercise mobility and aging. J. Sports Med. 29, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200029010-00001
  6. Evans, W. J. and W. W. Campbell. 1993. Sarcopenia and-related changes in body composition and function capacity. J. Nutn. 123, 456-468.
  7. Fitzgerald, M. D., H. Tanaka, Z. V. Tran, and D. R. Seals. 1997. Age-related declines in maximal aerobic capacity in regularly exercising vs. sedentary women: a meta-analysis. J. Appl. Physiol. 83, 160-165.
  8. Harrison, J. S., R. A. Dale, and C. W. Haveman. 2003. Oral complications in Radiation therapy. J. Gen. Dent. 51, 552-560.
  9. Hepple, R. T. 2000. Skeletal muscle: microcirculatory adaptation to metabolic demand. J. Med. Sci. Sports. Exerc. 32, 117-123.
  10. Holm, K. K. and T. Kirchhoff. 1984. Perspectives on exercise and aging. J. Crit. Care 13, 519-524.
  11. Hunter, G. R., T. Kekes-Szabo, M. S. Treuth, M. J. Williams, M. Goran, and C. Pichon. 1996. Intra-abdominal adipose tissue, physical activity and cardiovascular risk in pre-and post-menopausal women. J. Obes. Assn. 20, 860-865.
  12. Jon, J. H. 2005. The effect of Tai Chi Chun Training on Health Fitness in the Elderly Korea University. Seoul, Korea.
  13. Kiel, D. P., P. O'Sullivan, and J. M. Teno. 1991. Health care utilization and function status in the aged following a fall. J. Med. Care 29, 221-118. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005650-199103000-00004
  14. Korea Republic of Government Statics Korea. http://www.kostat.go.kr/
  15. Lan, C., J. S. Lai, S. Y. Chen, and M. K. Wong. 2000. Tai Chi Chuan to improve muscular strength and endurance in elderly in dividuals : a pilot study. J. Arch. Phys. Med. 81, 604-607. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9993(00)90042-X
  16. Lan, C., J. S. Lai, M. K. Wong, and M. L. Yu. 1996. Cardiorespiratory function, and body Composition among geriatatric Tai Chi Chuan practitioners. J. Arch. Phys. Med. 77, 612-616. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9993(96)90305-6
  17. Lee, E. S. 2000. The effect of integrated exercising prescription program for old people in their 60s and 70s on their physical strength, heart and lung function, physical composition and blood components. ChungAng University. Seoul, Korea.
  18. Lee, H. M. 2006. The Effect of Tai Chi Chuuan Training on Autonomic Nerve System of Middle-aged Women. ChonBuk University. ChonBuk, Korea.
  19. Li, F., P. Harmer, E. McAuley, K. J. Fisher, T. E. Duncan, and D. C. Duncan. 2001. Tai Chi, Self-efficacy, and physical function in the elderly. J. Pre. Sci. 2, 229-39. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013614200329
  20. Li, J. X., Y. Hong, and K. M. Chan. 2001. Tai Chi : physiological characteristics and beneficial effects on health. J. Spt. Med. 35, 148-156.
  21. Muller-Delp, J.,S. A. Spier, M. W. Ramsey, L. A. Lesniewski, A. Papadopoulos, J. D. Humphrey, and M. D. Delp. 2002. Effects of aging on vasoconstrictor and mechanical properties of rat skeletal muscle arterioles. J. Heart. Circ. Phys. 282, 1843-1854.
  22. Schneider, D. and R. Leung. 1991. Metabolic and cardiorespiratory responses to the performance of Wing Chun and Tai Chi Chuan exercise. J. Sports. Med. 12, 319-323.
  23. Song, R. Y., E. O. Lee, P. Lam, and S. C. Bae. 2003. Effects of Tai Chi exercise on pain, Balance, Muscle Strength and Perceived Difficulties in physical functioning in older women with Osteoarthritis: A Randomized. Clinical Trial. J. Rhe. Umat. 30, 2039-2044.
  24. Tse, S. K. and D. M. Bailey. 1992. Tai Chi Chuan and postural control in the well elderly. J. Occep. Ther. 46, 295-300. https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.46.4.295
  25. Yoo, S. H. and H. S. Nho. 2001. Measurement on the physical fitness of daily living and development of index for the elderly women. J. Kahperd. 40, 565-574.
  26. Zhuo, D, R., J. Shephard, M. J. Plyley, and G. M. Davis. 1984. Cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses during Tai Chi Chuan exercise. J. Appl. Sport. Sci. 9, 7-10.