Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare greenhouse gas emissions from road transportation by calculation methods (Tier 1, Teir 2, and Tier 3). Tier 1 based on 2006 IPCC guidelines default emission factor and amount of fuel consumption. The Tier 2 approach is the same as Tier 1 except that country-specific carbon contents of the fuel sold in road transport are used. Tier 2 based on emission factor of guidelines for local government greenhouse gas inventories (Korea Environment Corporation), the fuel consumption per one vehicle, and the registered motor vehicles. The Tier 3 approach requires detailed, country-specific data to generate activity-based emission factors for vehicle subcategories (National Institute of Environmental Research) and may involve national models. Tier 3 calculates emissions by multiplying emission factors by vehicle activity levels (e.g., VKT) for each vehicle subcategory and possible road type. VKT was estimated by using GIS road map and traffic volume of the section. The GHG average emission rate by the Tier 1 was 728,857 $tonCO_2eq$/yr, while Tier 2 and Tier 3 were 864,757 $tonCO_2eq$/yr and 661,710 $tonCO_2eq$/yr, respectively. Tier 3 was underestimated by 10.1 and 20.7 percent for the GHG emission observed by Tier 1 and Tier 2, respectively. Based on this study, we conclude that Tier 2 is reasonable GHG emissions than Tier 1 or Tier 3. But, further study is still needed to accurate GHG emission from Tier 3 method by expanding the traffic survey area and developing the model of local road traffic.