DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Sediment Properties and Growth of Phragmites australis in Mud Tidal Flat

조간대 저토 환경과 갈대의 생장 특성

  • Received : 2011.03.30
  • Accepted : 2011.05.23
  • Published : 2011.06.30

Abstract

This study examined the relationship between Phragmites australis' growth and sediment properties at mud tidal flat of Donggum-ri, Gilsang-myeon, Gangwha-gun, Incheon city. Field survey was carried out from May, 2010 to October, 2010. Water content, soil texture, electric conductivity and water table depth for sediment, density, height, dry weight and flowering for P. australis were examined at several plots from the starting point (the coastal embankment) to the end point of the two populations. The result was as follows. Firstly, the water table increased along distance from the embankment at one line (N-line) but was similar at the other line (S-line) in a P. asustralis population. Water tables were higher out of than within a P. australis population at two populations. Secondary, in N-line, the height and dry weight of P. australis decreased along the distance from embankment but, in S-line, those were similar in its population. P. australis' growth was dependent on electric conductivity at lower layer (water table level) rather than upper one (the surface). Thirdly, density of P. australis changed during growing season and was similar in a population, except for the end point of patch. In summary, the growth and distribution of P. australis were dependent on salt content of tidal flat's sediment (water table level) and this was affected by fresh water of the inland.

Keywords

References

  1. 강호철․주용규. 1999. 자연습지의 구조적 특성과 갈대 (Phragmites japonica)의 적정생육수심. 한국정원학회지 17:191-200.
  2. 이연규․김신․이혜원․민병미. 2008. 순천만 갈대군락의 면적 증가와 저토의 이화학적 특성. 한국습지학회지 10:9-26.
  3. 이점숙․김하송. 2008. 연안생태계 식생복원을 통한 연안관리 기술개발. 해양수산부 177쪽.
  4. 이점숙․임병선․명현호․박정원․김하송. 2009. 한국 서․남해안 염습지 복원을 위한 염생식물의 생육지의 토양환경 분석. 한국자원식물학회지 22(1):102-110.
  5. 이창복. 2003. 한국원색식물도감. 향문사. 서울 525 p.
  6. 정대영․심상렬. 2000. 천연섬유를 이용한 식생 복원용 갈대 및 억새속 식물의 뗏장개발. 한국조경학회지 28(1):54-61.
  7. 주용규. 1998. 간석지에서의 갈대 시공법에 관한 연구. 한국전통조경학회지 16(3):35-40.
  8. Bakker, J. P., Esselink, P., Dijkema, K. S., and W. E. van Duin. 2002. Restoration of salt marshes in the Netherlands. Hydrobiologia 478:29-51. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021066311728
  9. Bakker, J. P., Esselink, P., Dijkema, K. S., and W. E. van Duin. 2002. Restoration of salt marshes in the Netherlands. Hydrobiologia 478:29-51. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021066311728
  10. Bouma, T. J., de Vries, M. B., Low, E., Kusters, L., Herman, P. M. J., Tanczos, I. C., Temmerman, S., Hesselink, A., Meire, P., and S. van Regenmortel. 2005. Flow hydrodynamics on a mudflat and in salt marsh vegetation : identifying general relationships for habitat characterisations. Hydrobiologia 540:259- 274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-004-7149-0
  11. Brix, H. 1999. The European research project on reed die-back and progression (EUREED). Limnologica 29:5-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0075-9511(99)80033-4
  12. Choung, Y. S., and J. H. Kim. 1989. Clonal growth and shoot modules dynamics of Phragmites longivalvis in a reclaimed land. Korean J Ecol 12:171-182.
  13. Dame, R. F., Koepfler, E., and L. Gregory. 2000. Benthic-Pelagic coupling in marshestuarine ecosystems. In : Concepts and Controversies in Tidal Marsh Ecology, (Weinstein MP, Kreegerd DA eds.). Kluwer Academic Publishers. Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp. 369-390.
  14. Davidson-Arnott, R. G. D., Van Proosdij, D., Ollerhead, J., and L. Schostak. 2002. Hydro- dynamics and sedimentation in salt marshes : examples from a macrotidal marsh, Bay of Fundy. Geomorphology 48:209-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-555X(02)00182-4
  15. Fiala, K. 1978. Seasonal development of halophyte polycormones and relationship between underground and aboveground organs. In : Pond Littoral Ecosystems, Dykyjova D, and J Kvet (ed.). Springer-Verlag. Berlin, New York, pp. 174-181.
  16. Findlay, S., Groffman, P., and S. Dye. 2003. Effects of Phragmites australis removal on marsh nutrient cycling. Wetlands Ecol Manage 11:157-165. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024255827418
  17. Hotes, S., Adema, E. B., Grootjans, A. P., Inoue, T., and P. Poschlod. 2005. Reed die-back related to increased sulfide concentration in a coastal mire in eastern Hokkaido, Japan. Wetlands Ecol Manage 13:83-94. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-003-3091-6
  18. Kim, C. S. 1975. A study on standing crops in Phragmites communis communities and their environmental factors. J Plant Biol 18:129-134.
  19. Lee, C. Y., and Y. H. Kim. 1976. Studies on the indoles in the common reed. II. Changes of indole compounds during the growth of sprouts. J Kor Agri Chem Soc 19:65-69.
  20. Lee, H. J., and H. S. Yang. 1993. Adaptation of Phragmites communis Trin. population to soil salt contents of habitats. Korean J Ecol 16:63-74.
  21. Lee, H. J., and H. S. Yang. 1993. Adaptation of Phragmites communis Trin. population to soil salt contents of habitats. Korean J Ecol 16:63-74.
  22. Leonard, L. A., Wren, P. A., and R. I. Beavers. 2002. Flow dynamics and sedimentation in Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis marshes of the Chesapeake Bay. Wetlands 22:415-424. https://doi.org/10.1672/0277-5212(2002)022[0415:FDASIS]2.0.CO;2
  23. Marks, M., Rapin, R., and J. Randall. 1994. Phragmites australis (P. communis):Treats, management and monitoring. Natural Areas J 14:285-294.
  24. Meyerson, L. A., Saltonstall, K., Windham, L., Kiviat, E., and S. Findlay. 2000. A compar- ison of Phragmites australis in freshwater and brackish marsh environments in north America. Welands Ecol Manage 8:89-103. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008432200133
  25. Min, B. M. 2005. Growth properties of Phragmites communis along distance from land and cutting aboveground part. J Korean Wetlands Soc 7:145-158.
  26. Min, B. M., and J. H. Kim. 1983. Distribution and cyclings of nutrients in Phragmites communis communities of a coastal salt marsh. J Plant Biol 26:17-32.
  27. Min, B. M., and J. H. Kim. 1999a. Plant distri- bution in relation to soil properties of reclaimed lands on the west cost of Korea. J Plant Biol 42:279-286.
  28. Min, B. M., and J. H. Kim. 1999b. Plant community structure in reclaimed lands on the west coast of Korea. J Plant Biol 42:287- 293. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03030342
  29. Nakamura, K., Kayaba, Y., Nishihiro, J., and N. Takamura. 2007. Effects of submerged plants on water quality and biota in large-scale experimental ponds. Landscape Ecol Eng 4:1-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11355-007-0033-0
  30. Reimold, R. J., and W. H. Queen. 1974. Ecology of halophytes. Academic Press, Inc. New York.
  31. Schmieder, K., Dienst, M., Ostendrop, W., and K. Johnk. 2004. Effects of water level variations on the dynamics of the reed belts of Lake Constance. Ecohydrol Hydrobiol 4:469- 480.
  32. Waisel, Y. 1972. Biology of halophyte. Academic Press, New York. 395 pp.
  33. Widdows, J., and M. Brinsley. 2002. Impact of biotic and abiotic processes on sediment dynamics and the consequences to the structure and functioning of the intertidal zone. J Sea Research 48:143-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1385-1101(02)00148-X
  34. Yang, S. L. 1998. The role of Scirpus marsh in attenuation of hydrodynamics and retention of fine sediment in the Yangtze estuary. Estuarine Coastal Shelf Science 47:227-233. https://doi.org/10.1006/ecss.1998.0348