Horticultural Science & Technology (원예과학기술지)

Korean Society of Horticultural Science (한국원예학회)
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Control of Unseasonable Flowering in Chrysanthemum 'Baekma' by 2-chloroethylphosphonic Acid and Night Temperature

2-chloroethylphosphonic acid와 야간온도에 따른 '백마' 국화의 불시개화 조절

  • Lee, Chang-Hee (Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Hankyong National University) ;
  • Cho, Myeong-Whan (Protected Horticulture Experiment Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science)
  • 이창희 (한경대학교 원예학과) ;
  • 조명환 (국립원예특작과학원 시설원예시험장)
  • Received : 2011.05.24
  • Accepted : 2011.09.28
  • Published : 2011.12.31
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Abstract

This study was conducted to control unseasonable flowering in a standard chrysanthemum 'Baekma' bred in Korea by 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon) and night temperature (NT) through suppression of the transition from a vegetative to a reproductive stage under long day length caused by high NT in summer season. Ethephon was applied either once or twice at a concentration of 0, 200, 400, or $800mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. The NT within controlled mini-plastic houses was maintained at 13, 17, or $21^{\circ}C$. The NT at $13^{\circ}C$ showed the greatest inhibiting effect of unseasonable flowering among all NTs regardless of various combinations of ethephon concentration and frequency. Moreover, the inhibition tendency of unseasonable flowering was distinctly decreased in a NT-dependant manner. Higher NTs reduced cut flower length and number of leaves, but increased the number of young leaves attached to top part of the flower. Higher ethephon concentrations and lower NTs increased cut flower length and the fresh weight of total, stem, and leaves due to the extension of vegetative growth period. Thus, if it is difficult to control the NT below $21^{\circ}C$ in greenhouses in the summer season, we recommended to spray more than $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ ethephon once after planting to suppress unseasonable flowering and to ensure sufficient length of cut flowers.

본 연구는 에세폰과 야간온도에 따른 국내육성 스탠다드 국화 '백마(Baekma)'의 불시개화를 조절하기 위하여 수행하였으며, 이는 하계 재배시 장일 조건하에서도 높은 야간 온도에 의해 영양생장에서 생식생장 단계로 전이되는 현상을 억제시키기 위함이었다. 에세폰의 살포횟수는 1회와 2회로 나누었고, 살포 농도는 각각 0, 200, 400, $800mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$로 구분하여 처리하였다. 야간온도 처리는 미니 비닐하우스를 각각 13, 17, $21^{\circ}C$가 유지되도록 야간온도를 제어하였다. 실험 결과를 보면, 야간온도 $13^{\circ}C$처리는 다양한 에세폰 농도 및 처리횟수에 관계없이 모든 야간온도 처리 중에서 가장 '백마'의 불시개화를 억제하는 데 효과적이었다. 더욱이 불시개화의 억제 경향은 야간온도가 증가할수록 뚜렷하게 감소하였다. 에세폰 농도가 증가할수록 야간온도가 낮을수록 절화장이 증가하고 총생체중, 줄기 및 엽생체중이 높게 나타났으며, 이는 영양생장 기간이 연장되었기 때문으로 판단되었다. 따라서 고온기의 야간온도 조절을 $21^{\circ}C$ 이하로 유지하기 어려운 경우, 불시개화 억제와 충분한 절화장 확보를 위해 정식 직후에 $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 이상의 에세폰을 1회 처리해야 할 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

References

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