Food Science of Animal Resources (한국축산식품학회지)

Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources (한국축산식품학회)
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Effects of Supplementation of Rice Bran and Roasted Soybean in the Diet on Physico-chemical and Sensory Characteristics of M. longissimus dorsi of Hanwoo Steers

사료 내 생 미강과 볶은 대두의 첨가가 거세한우 등심의 이화학적 특성과 관능적 특성에 미치는 영향

  • Received : 2010.11.03
  • Accepted : 2011.06.08
  • Published : 2011.06.30
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Abstract

We investigated melting points and sensory characteristics by adding rice bran and roasted soybean to the finishing diet of Hanwoo steers. Thirty-six Hanwoo steers (average age, 20.92 mon-old; average weight, 599.89 kg) were assigned to either Control, Treatment 1 (rice bran) or Treatment 2 (roasted soybean) groups (12 steers/group), considering body weight and age. Supplementation levels of rice bran and roasted soybean were determined to meet total 5% crude fat in the concentrates, and the experimental animals were fed for 314 d until they reached 31.2 mon old. No significant differences were found in the moisture and crude fat content among groups. Melting points of lipid extracted from M. longissimus dorsi, subcutaneous fat, and perirenal fats were 25.83-26.17, 17.26-18.53 and $32.40-33.15^{\circ}C$, respectively, resulting in remarkable differences depending on fat depots. Contents of free amino acids in M. longissimus dorsi related to sweet taste were 39.48 mg/100 g for Treatment 1, which was significantly (p<0.05) higher than those for Control (32.24 mg/100 g), whereas those related to bitter taste were 25.93 mg/100 g for Treatment 2, which was the lowest (p<0.05) among the groups. Fatty acid composition, such as $C_{14:0}$, $C_{16:0}$, $C_{16:1}$, $C_{18:0}$, and $C_{18:1}$, in M. longissimus dorsi was not different among the groups. Results of a panel test on M. longissimus dorsi showed that Treatment 1 scored the highest (p<0.05) in juiciness, and both Treatments 1 and 2 scored higher (p< 0.05) in overall palatability than the Control group. $C_{18:1}$ showed a positive (+) relationship with tenderness (r = 0.650; p<0.05), and $C_{18:0}$ with flavor (0.698; p<0.05). The results suggest that rice bran and roasted soybean are beneficial for improving M. longissimus dorsi sensory characteristics, whereas no significant differences were found in the physico-chemical characteristics among the groups.

본 연구는 거세한우 사료 내 미강과 볶은 대두를 첨가 함으로써 거세한우 도체등심의 이화학적 특성과 관능적 특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 실시되었다. 평균 20.92개월령(평균체중 599.89 kg)의 거세한우 36두를 대조구, 시험 1구(미강 첨가구) 및 시험 2구(볶은 대두 첨가구)로 나누고 각각의 처리구는 체중 및 월령을 고려하여 배치하였다(12두/처리구). 미강과 볶은 대두의 첨가 수준은 시험 사료 내 조지방 함량을 5%로 설정하고, 조지방 부족분을 각각의 첨가원료(미강과 볶은 대두)로부터 보충 되도록 설계하였으며, 시험동물이 평균 31.2개월령에 도달할 때까지 314일간 사양시험을 실시하였다. 도체등심의 일반 조성분은 처리구별 뚜렷한 차이는 없었고 가열 감량과 드립 감량도 처리구별 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 체지방 부위에 따른 처리구별 융점은 뚜렷한 차이가 없었으나, 체지방 부위별 융점은 등심지방($25.83-26.17^{\circ}C$), 피하지방($17.26-18.53^{\circ}C$) 및 신장지방($32.40-33.15^{\circ}C$)이 서로 다른 범위를 나타내었다. 도체등심의 단맛과 관련이 있는 유리 아미노산은 시험 1구가 39.48 mg/100 g으로서 대조구의 32.24mg/100 g에 비하여 유의적(p<0.05)으로 높게 나타났으며, 쓴맛과 관련이 있는 유리 아미노산은 시험 2구가 25.93mg/100 g으로서 다른 처리구에 비하여 유의하게(p<0.05) 낮게 나타났다. 도체등심의 지방산 조성 중 $C_{14:0}$, $C_{16:0}$, $C_{16:1}$, $C_{18:0}$ 및 $C_{18:1}$의 함량은 처리구별 유의적인 차이가 없었으며, 다가불포화지방산인 $C_{20:3}$은 시험 2구가 다른 처리구에 비하여 유의적(p<0.05)으로 높게 나타났다. 도체등심의 관능평가 결과는 다즙성의 경우 시험 1구가 가장 높게 나타났으며(p<0.05), 종합기호 도의 경우는 시험 1구와 시험 2구가 대조구에 비하여 유의적으로(p<0.05) 높게 나타났다. 도체등심의 관능 평가 항목들과 주요지방산 조성간의 상관관계는 $C_{18:1}$은 연도와, $C_{18:0}$은 풍미와 정(+)의 상관관계(각각 r=0.650 및 0.698; p<0.05)를 나타내었다. 이상의 연구 결과를 종합해 보면 사료 내 미강과 볶은 대두의 첨가가 거세한우 등심의 이화학적 특성에는 처리구별 뚜렷한 차이를 보이지 않았지만 관능적 특성을 개선시키는 데에는 효과적이었던 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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