Journal of Plant Biotechnology

The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology (한국식물생명공학회)
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Environmental risk assessment of genetically modified Herbicide-Tolerant zoysiagrass (Event: Jeju Green21)

제초제저항성 들잔디(Zoysia japonica Steud.) 이벤트 Jeju Green21의 환경위해성평가

  • Bae, Tae-Woong (Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University) ;
  • Kang, Hong-Gyu (Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University) ;
  • Song, In-Ja (Faculty of Biotechology, Jeju National University) ;
  • Sun, Hyeon-Jin (Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University) ;
  • Ko, Suk-Min (Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University) ;
  • Song, Pill-Soon (Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University) ;
  • Lee, Hyo-Yeon (Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University)
  • 배태웅 (제주대학교 아열대원예산업연구소) ;
  • 강홍규 (제주대학교 아열대원예산업연구소) ;
  • 송인자 (제주대학교 생명공학부) ;
  • 선현진 (제주대학교 아열대원예산업연구소) ;
  • 고석민 (제주대학교 아열대원예산업연구소) ;
  • 송필순 (제주대학교 아열대원예산업연구소) ;
  • 이효연 (제주대학교 아열대원예산업연구소)
  • Received : 2011.05.10
  • Accepted : 2011.05.25
  • Published : 2011.06.30
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Abstract

Transgenic zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) expressing the bar gene inserted in the plant genome has been generated previously through Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. The GM zoysiagrass (event: JG21) permits efficient management of weed control of widely cultivated zoysiagrass fields, reducing the frequency and cost of using various herbicides for weed control. Now we have carried out the environmental risk assessment of JG21 prior to applying to the governmental regulatory agency for the commercial release of the GM turf grass outside of test plots. The morphological phenotypes, molecular analysis, weediness and gene flow from each test plot of JG21 and wild-type zoysiagrasses have been evaluated by selectively analyzing environmental effects. There were no marked differences in morphological phenotypes between JG21 and wild-type grasses. The JG21 retained its stable integration in the host plant in T1 generation, exhibiting a 3:1 segregation ratio according to the Mendelian genetics. We confirmed the copy number (1) of JG21 by using Southern blot analysis, as the transgenic plants were tolerant to ammonium glufosinate throughout the culture period. From cross-fertilization and gene flow studies, we found a 9% cross-pollination rate at the center of JG21 field and 0% at distances over 3 m from the field. The JG21 and wild-type zoysiagrass plants are not considered "weed" because zoysiagrasses generally are not dominant and do not spread into weedy areas easily. We assessed the horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of the transgene DNA to soil microorganisms from JG21 and wild-type plants. The bar gene was not detected from the total genomic DNA extracted from each rhizosphere soil of GM and non-GM Zoysia grass fields. Through the monitoring of JG21 transgene's unintentional release into the environment, we found no evidence for either pollen mediated gene flow of zoysiagrass or seed dispersal from the test field within a 3 km radius of the natural habitat.

Keywords

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