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Field and Culture Studies on the Growth and Reproduction of Campylaephora hypnaeoides

석묵 (Campylaephora hypnaeoides)의 생장과 성숙에 대한 야외 및 배양 연구

  • Yoo, Hyun-Il (Faculty of Biological Science and Institute of Basic Sciences, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Kim, Ji-Hwan (Jeollanam-do Provincial Government Ocean & Fisheries Science Institute) ;
  • Choi, Han-Gil (Faculty of Biological Science and Institute of Basic Sciences, Wonkwang University)
  • 유현일 (원광대학교 생명과학부.기초자연과학연구소) ;
  • 김지환 (전라남도 해양수산과학원 해남지소) ;
  • 최한길 (원광대학교 생명과학부.기초자연과학연구소)
  • Received : 2010.04.22
  • Accepted : 2011.06.14
  • Published : 2011.06.30

Abstract

The phenology of Campylaephora hypnaeoides J. Agardh and optimal conditions for carpospore release, growth and reproduction were examined in the field and in the laboratory from January to December 2007. In the field population of C. hypnaeoides, approximately 50% of the plants were vegetative during the study period. Additionally, the percentages of carposporophytes and tetrasporophytes were maximal in April (37%) and June (57%), respectively. Maximum growth in plant length, dry weight, and hook number coincided with the tetrasporophyte reproductive peak in the field. In culture, carpospore release, sporeling growth and reproduction were affected by environmental factors such as daylength, temperature, and salinity. The liberation of carpospores was maximum under continuous light and at a combination of $15^{\circ}C$ and $10\;{\mu}mol$ photons $m^{-2}\;s^{-1}$. Maximum growth of tetrasporophyte sporelings occurred at a combination of $20\;{\mu}mol$ photons $m^{-2}\;s^{-1}$ of constant light and $25^{\circ}C$. However, the growth of gametophyte sporelings was maximal under $40\;{\mu}mol$ photons $m^{-2}\;s^{-1}$ of constant light and in a combination of $20^{\circ}C$ and 35 psu. The tetrasporophyte sporelings were grew faster than gametophytes, indicating that gametophyte- and tetrasporophyte-sporelings have different physiological responses to irradiance and temperature. Tetrasporangial branches and cystocarps of C. hypnaeoides were produced from carpospores and tetraspores within 1 month, and they were stimulated at high temperature and irradiance levels. In conclusion, C. hypnaeoides should be seeded using carpospores during early winter (November-December) because cystocarps are easily identified by fishermen, and tetrasporophytes grow faster than gametophytes.

Keywords

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