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Antioxidant and Antigenotoxic Effects of Sansuyu Fruit (Corni fructus) Extracted with Water at Different Temperatures

추출 온도에 따른 산수유의 항산화 활성 및 항유전독성 효과 비교

  • Lee, Min-Hee (Dept. of Food and Nutritional Science, Kyungnam University) ;
  • Kim, Jung-Mi (Dept. of Food and Nutritional Science, Kyungnam University) ;
  • Park, Eun-Ju (Dept. of Food and Nutritional Science, Kyungnam University)
  • 이민희 (경남대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김정미 (경남대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 박은주 (경남대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2010.10.14
  • Accepted : 2011.01.20
  • Published : 2011.02.28

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antigenotoxic activities of sansuyu fruit (Corni fructus, CF) at temperatures of $25^{\circ}C$, $50^{\circ}C$, and $90^{\circ}C$ using a water extraction method. Total phenolic content (TPC), DPPH radical-scavenging activity (RSA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, and ORAC (Oxygen radical absorbance capacity) values were determined. Also the antigenotoxicity of CF was determined by measuring inhibitory effects of $H_2O_2$ induced DNA damage in human leukocytes using the comet assay. The TPC in the CF extracts was 4.2, 4.6, and 5.5 g/100 g GAE in $25^{\circ}C$, $50^{\circ}C$, and $90^{\circ}C$, respectively. The DPPH RSA of the CF extracts increased in a dose-dependent manner over the range of $50\sim1000\;{\mu}g$/mL in all temperatures and the $SC_{50}$ of DPPH RSA of the CF extracts were not significantly different at different extraction temperatures. The $SC_{50}$ of SOD-like was the highest in CF extracted at $25^{\circ}C$ (1.1 mg/mL) followed by $90^{\circ}C$ (1.2 mg/mL) and $50^{\circ}C$ (1.3 mg/mL). The ORAC values of the CF extracts were not significantly different in low concentration ($10\;{\mu}M$/mL) and was in order of $25^{\circ}C$ ($5.7\;{\mu}M$ TE)< $90^{\circ}C$ ($6.2\;{\mu}M$ TE)< $50^{\circ}C$ ($8.5\;{\mu}M$ TE) in high concentration ($50\;{\mu}M$/mL). $200\;{\mu}M$ $H_2O_2$ induced DNA damages in human leukocytes were significantly reduced by the pretreatment with the CF extracts. These results suggest that sansuyu fruit (Corni fructus) can be used as a natural source for antioxidant activities and as antigenotoxic agents regardless of the water extraction temperature.

산수유 5 g에 100 mL의 증류수를 가하고 항온수조를 이용하여 $25^{\circ}C$, $50^{\circ}C$, $90^{\circ}C$에서 추출한 다음 농축하여 각각 온도별 추출물을 얻었다. 각 온도별 추출물을 이용하여 산수유의 항산화 활성 조사 결과, 총 페놀함량은 가장 높은 온도($90^{\circ}C$)에서 추출한 추출물이 5.5 g/100 g GAE으로 가장 높았고, 그 다음으로 $50^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$ 추출물 순으로 페놀 함량이 많았다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능 측정에서는 각 시료의 농도가 증가할수록 DPPH 라디칼 소거능이 유의하게 증가하였다. 그러나 라디칼의 50%를 저해하는 농도인 $SC_{50}$은 추출 온도에 따른 유의적 차이는 나타나지 않았다. SOD 유사활성에서도 역시 각 시료의 농도가 증가할수록 활성이 높았으며, $SC_{50}$은 다른 온도에 비해 $25^{\circ}C$에서 유의하게 낮았는데 이는 $25^{\circ}C$에서 SOD 유사활성이 가장 좋음을 나타낸다. 또한 ORAC assay를 이용한 peroxyl 라디칼 소거능은 저농도에서는 각 온도에 따라 유의적은 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 고농도에서는 $50^{\circ}C$에서 유의하게 높았다. 한편 산수유 추출물의 산화적 스트레스에 의한 DNA 손상 억제 효과를 보기 위해 1, 10, $50\;{\mu}g$/mL의 농도로 백혈구에 처리한 후 $200\;{\mu}M$ $H_2O_2$로 DNA 손상을 유도한 결과, $50\;{\mu}g$/mL 농도에서 손상된 DNA tail 부분의 DNA 함량을 측정한 % tail DNA inhibition이 $25^{\circ}C$에서 28.5%, $50^{\circ}C$에서 37.5% 그리고 $90^{\circ}C$에서는 38.5%로 나타났다. 이상의 결과에서 산수유를 물로 추출할 경우 추출 온도가 높을수록 총 페놀함량은 증가한 것으로 나타났지만 항산화 활성과 항유전독성 효과는 추출 온도와는 상관 없이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 이는 산수유가 일반적으로 고온에서 열수 추출하는 한약재로서 뿐만 아니라 비교적 낮은 온도에서 우려내는 식용 음료로서도 사용이 가능하다는 것을 제시한다.

Keywords

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