Journal of the Korean earth science society (한국지구과학회지)

The Korean Earth Science Society (한국지구과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Biogeochemical Study of Heavy Metal Leaching from Coal Fly Ash Disposed in Yeongdong Coal-Fired Power Plant

영동화력발전소에서 방출되는 석탄회로부터 박테리아 활동에 따른 생지화학적 연구

  • Chung, Duk-Ho (Science Education Institute for the Gifted, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Cho, Kyu-Seong (Division of Science Education, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Park, Kyeong-Jin (Division of Science Education, Chonbuk National University)
  • 정덕호 (전북대학교 과학영재교육원) ;
  • 조규성 (전북대학교 과학교육학부) ;
  • 박경진 (전북대학교 과학교육학부)
  • Received : 2011.01.18
  • Accepted : 2011.04.07
  • Published : 2011.04.29
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Fly ashes derived from coal fired power plants have unique chemical and mineralogical characteristics. The objective of this research was to study how indigenous bacteria affected heavy metal leaching in fly ash slurry during the fly ash-seawater interactions in the ash pond located in Yeongdong seashore, Korea. The in-situ pH of ash pond seawater was 6.3-8.5. For this study, three sites of the ash pond were chosen to collect a sample of fly ash slurry. Three samples that had a mix of fly ash (0.4 L) and seawater (1.6 L) were collected at each site. First sample was autoclaved ($120^{\circ}C$, 2.5 atm), second one was inoculated with glucose to stimulate the microbial activity, and the last sample was kept in the natural condition. Compared with other samples including autoclaved and natural samples, the glucose added sample showed sharp increase in its alkalinity after 15 days, cation concentration change such as Ca, Mg, and K seemed to increase in early stage, and then decrease 15 days later in slurry solution of glucose added sample, and a possibly considerable decrease in $SO_4^{2-}$ in the fly ash slurry samples when glucose was added to stimulate the microbial activity. Geochemical data of this study is likely to be related to the activity of bacteria at the ash pond. The result may be used to understand about the characteristic of bacteria.

석탄회는 독특한 화학조성과 광물학적 특징을 가지고 있다. 본 연구는 해안가에 위치한 영동화력발전소의 매립 호수에서 배출되는 석탄회와 주변 해수와의 반응에서 토착 미생물이 중금속 용출에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 알아보았다. 매립 호수의 pH는 6.3-8.5로 나타났다. 본 연구를 위해 매립 호수의 세 지점을 선정하여 각 지점에서 석탄회(0.4 L)와 해수(1.6 L)가 혼합된 세 개의 시료를 채취하였다. 채취한 시료는 각각 $120^{\circ}C$, 2.5기압 환경하에서 멸균 처리하고, 미생물의 활동을 촉진하기 위해 글루코스를 첨가하여 배양하였으며, 나머지 하나는 자연 상태로 60일 동안 보관하면서 박테리아의 활동에 따른 지화학적 변화과정을 살펴보았다. 다른 시료와 비교하여 글루코스를 첨가한 시료에서 15일 후에 알카리도가 크게 증가하였으며, Mg, Ca, K와 같은 양이온은 글루코스를 넣은 시료에서 초기에 증가하다가 15일 이후 감소하였다. $SO_4^{2-}$는 글루코스를 첨가한 시료에서 크게 감소하였다. 이러한 지화학적 결과는 매립 호수에 서식하는 박테리아의 활동성과 관련이 있다. 이러한 결과는 석탄회 내에 서식하는 박테리아의 특성을 이해하기 위한 기초자료로서 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Bottrell, S.H. and Morton, M.D.B., 1992, A reinterpretation of the genesis of the Cae Coch pyrite deposit, North Wales. Journal of the Geological Society, London, UK, 149, 581-584. https://doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.149.4.0581
  2. Cho, K.S., Roh, Y., and Chung, D.H., 2007, A Biogeochemical study on the heavy metal leaching from coal fly ash disposed by Dangjin fire plant in the coastal environment. Journal of Korean Earth Society, 28, 112-122. https://doi.org/10.5467/JKESS.2007.28.1.112
  3. Eary, L.E., Dhanpat, Rai, Mattigod, S.V., and Ainsworty, C.C., 1990, Geochemical factors controlling the mobilization of inorganic constituents from fossil fuel combustion residues. Journal of Environmental Quality, 19, 202-214.
  4. Gay, A.J. and Davis, P.B., 1987, Some environmental aspects of coal fly ash. Coal science and technology, 20, 221-243.
  5. Han, O.H., Chun, H.S., and Yoon, R.H., 2001, Development of a Electrostatic Separation Technology for Removal of Unburned Carbon from Fly Ash. Journal of the Korean Institute of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers, 38, 416-423.
  6. Hansen, L.D. and Fisher, G.L., 1980, Elemental distribution in coal fly ash particles. Environmental Science and Technology, 14, 1111-1117. https://doi.org/10.1021/es60169a015
  7. Hjelmar, O., 1990, Leachate from land disposal of coal fly ash. Waste Management and Research, 8, 429-449. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X9000800170
  8. Hockly, D.E. and Van Der Sloot, H.A., 1991, Long-term processes in stabilized coal waste block exposed to sea water. Environmental Science and Technology, 25, 1408-1414. https://doi.org/10.1021/es00020a007
  9. Hulett, L.D. and Weinberger, A.J., 1980, Some etching studies of the microstructure and composition of large aluminosilicate particles in fly ash from coal-burning power plants. Environmental Science and Technology, 14, 965-970. https://doi.org/10.1021/es60168a013
  10. Kim, K.J., Yeo, S.G., Yun, S.T., and Hwang, G.S., 2002, Geochemical Study on the Fly Ash-Seawater Reaction. Proceeding of the Annual Joint Conference: Petrological Society of Korea and Mineralogical Society of Korea, 70-73.
  11. Konhauser, K.O., 1998, Diversity of bacterial iron mineralization. Earth Science Review, 43, 91-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-8252(97)00036-6
  12. Lee, G.H., Choi, S.K., Moon, H.S., and Lee, S.H., 1997, Mineralogical and Geochemical Characteristics of PFA(Pulverised Fuel Ash) from Yongwol Power Plant. Economic Environmental Geology, 30, 443-450.
  13. Lee, J.H., Seo, H.N., Kim, C.R., Kim, N.J., and Min, K.S., 2001, Characteristics of OPC-Fly ash-Slag System. Cement Symposium, 28, 47-53.
  14. Mattigod, S.V., Dhanpat, Rai, Eary, L.E., and Ainsworty, C.C., 1990, Geochemical factors controlling the mobilization of inorganic constituents from fossil fuel combustion residues: Review of the major elements. Journal of Environmental Quality, 19, 188-201.
  15. Nelson, E.G., 2004, Principles of environmental geochemistry. Tomson Brooks/Cole, USA, 514 p.
  16. Nickson, R.T., McArthur, J.M., Ravenscroft, P., Burgess, W.G., and Ahmed, K.M., 2000, Mechanism of arsenic release to groundwater, Bangladesh and West Bengal. Applied Geochemistry, 15, 403-413. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-2927(99)00086-4
  17. Reijnders, L., 2005, Disposal, uses and treatments of combustion ashes: A review. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 43, 313-336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2004.06.007
  18. Roethel, F.J.and Oakley, S.A., 1985, Effects of seawater on the mineralogical and chemical composition of coalwaste blocks. In Duedall, I.W., Kester, D.R., Park, P.K., and Ketchum, B.H. (eds.), Wastes in the Ocean, Vol. 4, Energy Wastes in the Ocean. Wiley, NY, USA, 691-704.
  19. Roh, Y., Lauf, R.J., and Phelps, T.J., 2001, Utilization of biomineralization processes with fly ash for carbon sequestration. First National Conference on Carbon Sequestration, Washington, D.C., May, 15-17.
  20. Roh, Y., Moon, J.W., Song, Y., and Moon, H.S., 2003a, Biomineralization processes using fly ash for carborn sequestration. Journal of Mineralogical Society of Korea, 16, 171-180.
  21. Roh, Y., Lauf, R.J., and Phelps, T.J., 2003b, Biogeochemical processes utilizing fly ash for carbon sequestration. Second National Conference on Carbon Sequestration, Washington, D.C., May, 14-17.
  22. Stumn, W. and Morgan, J.J., 1996, Aquatic Chemistry. 3rd ed, John Wileys and Son, NY, USA, 1022 p.
  23. Tributsch, H., 2001, Direct versus indirect bioleaching. Hydrometallurgy, 59, 177-185. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-386X(00)00181-X
  24. Vassilev, S.V., Eskenazy, G.M., and Vassileva, C.G., 2000, Contents, modes of occurrence and behaviour of chlorine and bromine in combustion wastes from coal-fired Power Plants. Fuel, 79, 923-937. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-2361(99)00231-8
  25. Vassilev, S.V. and Vassileva, C.G., 1997, Geochemistry of coals, coal ashes and combustion wastes from coal-fired Power Plants. Fuel Process Technology, 51, 19-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3820(96)01082-X
  26. Yoon, C.H., Oh, K.C., Kim, Y.W., and Shin, B.S., 1995, Content of Heavy Metals in Coal Fly Ash from the Samcheonpo and the Seocheon Power Plant. Economic Environmental Geology, 28, 147-154.
  27. White, C., Sayer, J.A., and Gadd, G.M., 1997, Microbial solubilization and immobilization of toxic metals: Key biogeochemical processes for treatment of contamination. FEMS microbiology reviews, 20, 503-516. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6976.1997.tb00333.x