Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition

The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (대한소아소화기영양학회)
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Nutritional Status of Korean Toddlers: From the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007~2009

한국 유아의 영양 섭취 현황: 2007~2009년 국민건강영양조사를 바탕으로

  • Kim, Young-Ho (Department of Pediatrics, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Sun-Gun (Department of Pediatrics, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Shin-Hye (Department of Pediatrics, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine) ;
  • Song, Yoon-Ju (Department of Food & Nutrition, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Chung, Ju-Young (Department of Pediatrics, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Mi-Jung (Department of Pediatrics, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine)
  • 김영호 (인제대학교 의과대학 상계백병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 이선근 (인제대학교 의과대학 상계백병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 김신혜 (인제대학교 의과대학 상계백병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 송윤주 (가톨릭대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 정주영 (인제대학교 의과대학 상계백병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 박미정 (인제대학교 의과대학 상계백병원 소아청소년과)
  • Received : 2011.05.06
  • Accepted : 2011.06.23
  • Published : 2011.06.30
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Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the feeding patterns, use of dietary supplements, and nutrient intake of Korean toddlers. Methods: We used data for 930 toddlers who participated in the 4th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2007 to 2009. Feeding patterns and use of dietary supplements were assessed using standardized questionnaires, and nutrition intake was assessed using the 24 hr recall method. Results: In 2007~2009, 48.7% of toddlers used dietary supplements. Most parents (95.4%) initiated a regime of dietary supplements for their children following the advice of friends or relatives. Only 0.4% of parents followed the advice given by their doctors for dietary supplements use. In the survey of nutrient intake for toddlers, the prevalence of inadequate calcium intake was 53.9% for subjects aged 1 year, 55.2% for 2 years and 65.6% for subjects aged 3 years. The prevalence of inadequate iron intake was 52.0% for subjects aged 1 year, 48.7% for 2 years and 48.4% for subjects aged 3 years. In the survey performed on feeding patterns of toddlers during the infant period, mixed feeding accounted for 57.4%, breast feeding for 32.2%,and formula feeding for 10.4%. Sixty-five percent of toddlers began weaning between 4 and 6 months. Conclusions: This study indicated that a number of toddlers were at risk of inadequate calcium and iron intake. The role of professionals in counseling for qualified dietary intake and dietary supplement use is therefore necessary for Korean toddlers.

목적: 한국 영유아의 영양 섭취 실태에 대한 연구가 매우 제한적으로 진행되고 있어, 본 연구에서는 국민건강영양조사를 이용하여 한국 유아들의 식이 행태, 식이보충제 및 영양소 섭취 실태를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2007~2009년까지의 제4기 국민건강영양조사에 참여한 4세 미만의 영유아 930명(남 499명, 여 431명)을 대상으로 영아기의 식이 행태, 식이보충제 및 영양소 섭취 실태를 조사하였다. 결과: 식이보충제를 복용하는 유아는 48.7%로 절반가량이었으며 비타민/미네랄제가 35.3%로 제일 많았고 정장제 14.2%, 초유 8.2%였다. 식이보충제를 시작한 동기로는 95.4%가 친척이나 친구의 권유로, 0.7%가 자신의 판단으로 보충식을 시작했다고 답하였으며 의사의 권유로 보충제를 시작하는 비율은 0.3%에 불과하였다. 영양소 섭취 조사에서 유아의 51.6%는 탄수화물의 적정 비율을 섭취하고 있었고 32.7%가 적정 비율을 초과하여 섭취하고 있었다. 단백질의 경우 대상아의 94.8%가 적정 비율을 섭취하고 있었고, 지방의 경우 53.4%는 적정 비율을, 38.8%는 적정 비율 미만을 섭취하고 있었다. 칼슘을 평균필요량 미만으로 섭취하는 유아의 비율은 1세 53.9%, 2세 55.2%, 3세 65.6%, 철을 평균 필요량 미만으로 섭취하는 유아는 1세 52.0%, 2세 48.7%, 3세 48.4%였다. 영아기의 수유 패턴은 혼합 수유가 57.4%로 제일 많았고 32.2%가 모유 수유만, 10.4%가 분유 수유만을 하고 있었다. 이유식 도입시기는 4~6개월이 64.5%로 가장 많았고, 우유 도입시기는 12~17개월이 71.1%로 가장 많았다. 결론: 우리나라 만 1~만 3세 이하 유아의 절반가량이 의사의 상담 없이 식이보충제를 복용하고 있었으며, 칼슘, 철 섭취가 부족할 위험이 높았다. 이 시기의 영양관리를 위해 소아청소년과 의사를 비롯한 전문가의 역할이 보다 강조될 필요가 있다.

Keywords

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