The Effect of IAA on $Colocasia$ $esculenta$'s Growth and Morphogenesis

IAA가 토란의 생장 및 형태 발생에 미치는 영향

  • Kim, Young-Eun (Major in Biology Education, School of Science Education, College of Education, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Lee, Joon-Sang (Major in Biology Education, School of Science Education, College of Education, Chungbuk National University)
  • 김영운 (충북대학교 생물교육과) ;
  • 이준상 (충북대학교 생물교육과)
  • Received : 2011.02.10
  • Accepted : 2011.04.26
  • Published : 2011.05.31

Abstract

Morphological and physiological differences of $Colocasia$ $esculenta$ were investigated in the cultivation of hydorphonic and soil culture. $C.$ $esculenta$ grown in Hoa.+IAA (indole-acetic acid) showed higher growth activity representing 9%, 32%, 38% and 60% than those of the cultivation of vermiculate, Hoagland solution, soil and water, respectively. In case of $F_v/F_m$ ratio experiments, the value $F_v/F_m$ of $C.$ $esculenta$ cultivated in the water showed 0.55 after 6 weeks. $F_v/F_m$ values of $C.$ $esculenta$ cultivated in Hoagland+IAA, vermiculate and soil were between 0.84 and 0.80 indicating $F_v/F_m$ values were about 45% higher than that of $C.$ $esculenta$ cultivated in the water. Diffusion resistance was 45~35% lower in $C.$ $esculenta$ grown in Hoa.+IAA solution than that of $C.$ $esculenta$ grown in water only after 5 and 6 weeks. Therefore, the high standing levels of the growth rate, fluorescence activity and transpiration rate were Hoa.+IAA, vermiculate, Hoagland, soil and water. The distinct morphological differences of $C.$ $esculenta$ cultivated in hydorphonic and soil culture were the appearance of the seed corm and root hair. The development of seed corm was well established in soil culture but the corm in hydorphonic was slowly hydrolyzed and then disappeared. The fibrous root systems of hydorphonic were very well distinguishable compared with that in soil culture. Outstanding results of this experiment were appeared in $C.$ $esculenta$ which was cultivated in the field provided with enough mineral nutrition, organic fertilizers and compound fertilizers. The most height taros were almost 2m and the numbers of seed corm were 30~40 after 7 months.

수경재배와 토양재배를 통해 키운 토란이 생리 형태학적으로 어떤 차이가 나는지 조사하였다. Hoa.+IAA를 처리한 수경재배는 질석, Hoa., 토양, 물에서 키운 토란보다 약 9%, 32%, 38% 및 60% 생장이 각각 촉진되었다. 물에서 재배한 토란은 5~6주 생장한 후의 $F_v/F_m$값이 0.54와 0.55를 나타내어 $F_v/F_m$값이 0.8 이상을 보인 Hoa.+IAA, 질석과 토양에 비해 약 32.5% 낮았다. Hoa.+IAA 처리구에서는 가장 낮은 확산저항이 나타났으며 5주와 6주 때는 물로 수경재배한 것에 비해 45~35% 낮았다. 이는 기공 열림이 물로 재배한 것에 비해 45~35% 크게 열렸다고 추측할 수 있다. 질석과 토양에서 자란 토란도 물로 재배한 것에 비해 39~31%와 27~35% 확산저항이 낮았다. 따라서 생장률의 크기, 광합성 활성 및 기공열림은 Hoa.+IAA, 질석, Hoagland 용액, 토양과 물 순으로 낮게 나타났다. IAA를 Hoagland 용액에 넣어 수경재배한 실험 결과에서 생장률과 형광 활성도가 가장 높았으며 확산저항 또한 가장 낮게 나타났다. 토양재배에서 점토와 상토를 포함하는 흙은 질석에서 키운 토란에 비해 뿌리 발달이 저조하였다. 화분 속의 흙은 중력에 의해 시간이 지날수록 단단해졌으나 질석은 흙과의 마찰이 비교적 적기 때문에 수염뿌리와 실뿌리가 잘 생장하였다. 화분에서 키운 토란은 종아와 뿌리가 같이 발달하였으나 종아는 하나만 관찰되었다. 반면에, 야외에서 키운 토란은 30~40개의 종아가 뚜렷하게 발달하여 작물로서의 가치가 충분하였으나 수경재배한 토란은 종아가 분해되어 사라지고 수염뿌리가 발달하였다.

Keywords

References

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