Journal of the Korean Geographical Society (대한지리학회지)

The Korean Geographical Society (대한지리학회)
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Mid-Holocene palaeoenvironmental change at the Yeonsan-dong, Gwangju

홀로신 중기 광주광역시 연산동 일대의 고식생 및 고기후 변화

  • Park, Jung-Jae (Department of Geography, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Min-Koo (Department of Anthropology, Chonnam National University)
  • Received : 2011.06.27
  • Accepted : 2011.08.25
  • Published : 2011.08.31
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Abstract

The aim of this research is to infer paleovegetation and paleoclimate in the Hwajeon archeological site of Gwangju city during mid-Holocene through the analysis of pollen, waterlogged woods, and sediments. Between 8200 ~ 6800 years ago, relatively dry climate resulted in a weakened dominance of oak and high diversity of tree genus. During the Holocene climatic optimum period (6800 ~ 5900 years ago), oak forests expanded while wetland areas diminished as warm/humid climate intensified. Between 5900 ~ 4700 years ago, the entire forest area as well as oak climax forests was reduced due to a relatively cool/dry climate. However at the end of this period, oak forests expanded since a favorable climate condition temporarily resumed. Lastly, between 4700 ~ 3300 years ago, oaks dominated but alders were weakened. The density of forest was low because of a relatively dry climate in this period.

광주광역시 화전 유적지의 습지 퇴적물에 화분분석, 수침목재 동정, 그리고 기초적인 퇴적물 분석 등을 수행하여 얻은 결과를 토대로 이 지역의 홀로신 중기 고식생 및 고기후를 유추해 보았다. 약 8200 ~ 6800년 전에는 홀로신 기후최적기에 비해 기후가 다소 건조하여, 참나무 개체수는 상대적으로 적었고 다양한 수목들이 함께 서식했다. 약 6800 ~ 5900 년 전은 홀로신 기후최적기로 온난 습윤한 기후가 강화되면서 참나무속에 유리한 환경이 조성되었으며 저습지의 면적이 감소하였다. 6100 년 전 경에는 한반도 남동부에서 홀로신 기후최적기의 지속으로 극상림에 가까운 삼림이 형성되었다. 약 5900 ~ 4700 년 전에는 기후가 냉량건조해지면서 극상림인 참나무숲의 면적뿐 아니라 전체 삼림 면적이 감소하였다. 이 시기 말미에는 기후의 일시적인 호전으로 오리나무숲이 팽창하였다. 마지막으로 약 4700 ~ 3300 년 전에는 오리나무의 세력이 감소하고 참나무가 우점했으며 상대적으로 건조한 기후가 지속되면서 삼림의 밀도는 낮았다.

Keywords

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