Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회)
권호 표지

Analysis of Quality Properties and Fermentative Microbial Profiles of Takju and Yakju Brewed With or Without Steaming Process

증자 혹은 무증자 탁주 및 약주의 품질특성 및 발효관련 미생물 분석

  • Kim, Min-Ju (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Kim, Byoung-Hoon (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Han, Jae-Kwang (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Lee, Seung-Yeon (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Kim, Keun-Sung (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University)
  • Received : 2010.12.27
  • Accepted : 2011.03.11
  • Published : 2011.03.31
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Abstract

Steamed rice is usually used as an essential ingredient when Takju or Yakju is brewed in Korea. Alternatively, non-steamed rice can be used to keep thermolabile nutrients and fresh tastes richer in Takju or Yakju. In this study, therefore, the physicochemical properties (ethanol and sugar contents, pH, total acidities, and turbidities) and the fermentative microbial profiles (aerobic mesophillic bacteria (AMB), fungi, lactic acid bacteria (LAB), acetic acid bacteria (AAB), and Escherichia coli and coliforms) have been compared among 4 Takju and 1 Yakju samples brewed using steamed or non-steamed rice. Yakju brewed using non-steamed rice has approximately 2-3 times higher ethanol and sugar contents than other 4 Takjus brewed using steamed or non-steamed rice. The pH and total acidity values of all the 5 samples ranged 3.77-4.30 and 0.12-0.35, respectively. As for turbidities, Yakju brewed using nons-teamed rice was transparent, but other 4 Takjus were not. The AMB and fungal counts for Yakju brewed using nons-teamed rice were approximately $10^4$-fold less than those for 4 Takjus. The LAB counts for Takju and Yakju brewed using non-steamed rice were $10^3$-fold less than those for Takjus brewed using steamed rice. The AAB counts ranged $2-6\;log_{10}\;CFU/mL$ for all the 5 samples. E.coli and coliforms were not detected. Overall, there was no significant difference in microbial counts among 4 Takjus brewed using steamed or non-steamed rice, but Takju has higher microbial counts than Yakju. All the 5 samples were conclusively considered to be hygienically brewed and processed containing plenty of beneficial microorganisms.

증자법과 무증자법에 의하여 제조된 탁주 및 약주5종을 검체로 하여 주정도, pH, 산도, 당도 그리고 탁도 등의 이화학 분석을 수행하고, 각각의 검체에 분포하고 있는 총균수, 진균수, 젖산균수, 초산균수, 그리고 대장균 및 대장균 군수를 비교 분석하였다. 각 검체별 이화학 실험 결과 주정도는 증자 및 무증자 탁주의 평균 주정도 3.5% 보다 무증자 약주의 주정도 (7%)가 두배정도 높은 것으로 보아 무증자 약주가 증자 및 무증자 탁주보다 발효기간이 긴 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 각 검체별 pH는 평균 pH 4로 였으며, 산도는 평균 0.25정도로 각각의 검체 모두 비슷한 수치를 나타내었다. 각 검체별 당도는 증자 및 무증자 탁주의 평균당도 (4.4 brix) 보다 무증자 약주의 평균당도 (12 brix)가 3배 정도 높았다. 마지막으로 각 검체의 탁도는 무증자 약주의 O.D값이 0.01로 증자 및 무증자 탁주의 평균 O.D값인 3보다 현저하게 낮았다. 각 검체별 미생물수 측정 결과 총균수는 증자 및 무증자 탁주보다 무증자의 균수가 $10^4$배 정도 적었다. 진균수는 총균수와 마찬가지로 증자 및 무증자 탁주보다 무증자 약주가 $10^4$배정도 적었다. 젖산균수는 무증자 탁주와 무증자 약주가 증자 탁주보다 균수가 $10^3$배 정도 적었으며, 각각 모든 겁체들이 다른 총균 및 진균에 비하여 적은 젖산균을 가지고 있었다. 각각의 검체 내에서 초산균수는 $10^2-10^6\;CFU/mL$ 범위 내에 있었으며, 각각의 검체별로 약간의 균수 차이만 나타날 뿐, 제조방법(증자법과 무증자법, 혹은 탁주와 약주)에 따른 균수의 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 대장균 및 대장균군수는 모든 검체에서 비검출 되었다.

Keywords

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