Journal of Environmental Health Sciences (한국환경보건학회지)

Korean Society of Environmental Health (한국환경보건학회)
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Seasonal Characteristics of Atmospheric PM10 and PM2.5 in Iksan, Korea

익산지역 대기 중 PM10과 PM2.5의 계절별 특성

  • Kang, Gong-Unn (Department of Medical Administration, Wonkwang Health Science University) ;
  • Kim, Nam-Song (School of Preventive Medicine, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Shin, Eun-Sang (Department of Environmental Health, Dongnam Health University)
  • 강공언 (원광보건대학 의무행정과) ;
  • 김남송 (원광대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실) ;
  • 신은상 (동남보건대학 환경보건과)
  • Received : 2011.01.21
  • Accepted : 2011.02.14
  • Published : 2011.02.28
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Abstract

The seasonal characteristics of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) were evaluated through the measurement of $PM_{10}$ (particles with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 ${\mu}m$) and $PM_{2.5}$ (particles with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 ${\mu}m$) collected in the downtown area of Iksan city over roughly two weeks in each season of 2004. During the sampling period, 54 samples of $PM_{10}$ and $PM_{2.5}$ were collected and then measured for mass concentrations of PM and its water-soluble inorganic ion species. The concentrations of $PM_{10}$ and $PM_{2.5}$ were highly variable on a daily time scale in all seasons, especially in fall. Annual concentrations of $PM_{10}$ and $PM_{2.5}$ were $54.7{\pm}21.6\;{\mu}g/m^3$ and $34.0{\pm}13.4\;{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively. The daily concentrations of the analyzed ions similarly showed a pronounced variation, although a difference between seasons existed. Among them, $SO_4^{2-}$, $NO_3^-$ and $NH_4^+$ were the most abundant ions in all seasons, contributing up to 32% of $PM_{10}$ and 39% of $PM_{2.5}$. The contribution of $SO_4^{2-}$ and $NO_3^-$ showed a seasonal variation, as $SO_4^{2-}$ was the highest during spring and summer and $NO_3^-$ was the highest during fall and winter. Non-seasalt $SO_4^{2-}$ and $NO_3^-$ were found to exist mainly as neutralized chemical components of $(NH_4)_2SO_4$ and $NH_4NO_3$ due to the high concentration of $NH_4^+$ in PM samples, which were a major form of airborne PM in all seasons. Seasonal characteristics of $PM_{10}$ and $PM_{2.5}$ in Iksan were described in relation to the temporal variations of daily concentration of PM and its inorganic ion species including inter-particle reactions.

Keywords

References

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