Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (한국임상약학회지)

Korean College Of Clinical Pharmacy (한국임상약학회)
권호 표지

The Necessity of Vaccine Education for Pharmacists and Development of a Vaccine Leaflet for Patient Counseling

약사의 백신에 대한 교육의 필요성 및 환자 상담을 위한 소책자 개발

  • Kim, Mi-Kyung (Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Ah (Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University) ;
  • Cho, Eun (Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University Health System) ;
  • Lee, Ok-Sang (Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Lim, Sung-Cil (Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University)
  • 김미경 (충북대학교 약학대학 임상약학실) ;
  • 김현아 (서울대학교 약학대학 임상약학실) ;
  • 조은 (연세대학교 보건대학원) ;
  • 이옥상 (충북대학교 약학대학 임상약학실) ;
  • 임성실 (충북대학교 약학대학 임상약학실)
  • Received : 2011.08.16
  • Accepted : 2011.09.17
  • Published : 2011.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Vaccines are products for immunization which can provoke antibodies by eliciting immune reponses without causing disease and have played an important role in preventing fatal and contagious diseases as well as H1N1 influenza. They are classified by two following categories; lived attenuated vaccine and killed vaccine and currently commonly using vaccines are BCG, diphtheria, tetanus, mumps, measles, rubella, polio, Haemophilus influenza type b, hepatitis B, influenza etc. All vaccines must be used correctly to reach optimal therapeutic goals and also informed well to patients to decrease potential problems. In order to do, pharmacists must have good knowledge of vaccines. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the necessity of vaccine education for pharmacists and develop a vaccine leaflet for patient counseling. We have performed a survey with questionnaire for a total of 176 pharmacists and nurses(hospital pharmacists, n=65; community pharmacists, n=50; hospital nurses, n=61) from January 27th to March 12th, 2010. The questionnaire includes items about vaccine education and counseling and 12 quizzes to evaluate responders' knowledge of vaccines. We used the SPSS(Version 12. for windows) program to analyze the data. In results, 94.9% of all responders said they had not been educated on vaccines. And only 1.1% of all responders said they know about vaccines enough to counsel patients. Pharmacists who have an experience recommending vaccines to other people are 21.7%. On the other hand, nurses who have an experience recommending vaccines to other people are 55.7%(p=0.000). The mean number of correct answers at the 12 quizzes are followings; hospital pharmacist, 8.1; community pharmacist, 6.1, hospital nurses, 6.2(p=0.000). A vaccine leaflet for patient counseling is developed with several references. In conclusion, due to no opportunity of vaccine education, pharmacists have no confidence to counsel patients and lack of knowledge of vaccine. But importance of vaccine's role is increasing, pharmacists should counsel patients in vaccination. So they need vaccine education and a vaccine leaflet will be helpful for their counseling.

Keywords

References

  1. Koda-Kimble, M. A., L. Y. Young, W. A. Kradjan, B. J. Guglielmo, B. K. Alldredge, and R. L. Corelli : Applied Therapeutics, 8th edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2005.
  2. Anonymous : Progress toward eliminating Haemophilus influenza type b disease among infants and children-United States, 1987-1997, MMWR 1998; 47; 993-998.
  3. Ford SM, Grabenstein JD : Pandemics, avian influenza A(H5N1), and a strategy for pharmacists, Pharmacotherapy 2006; 26: 312-322. https://doi.org/10.1592/phco.26.3.312
  4. Hogue MD, Grabenstein JD, Foster SL, Rothholz MD.: Pharmacist involvement with immunizations: a decade of professional advancement, J Am Pharm Assoc 2006; 46: 168-182. https://doi.org/10.1331/154434506776180621
  5. The ASHP Counsil on Professional Affairs : ASHP Guidelines on the pharmacist's role in immunization, Am L Health Syst Pharm 2003; 60: 1371-1377.
  6. Lori M. Dickerson, Arch G. Mainous III, Peter J. Carek : The pharmacist's role in optimal antimicrobial use, Pharmacotherapy 2000; 20: 711-723. https://doi.org/10.1592/phco.20.7.711.35171
  7. John D. Grabenstein, Pharmacists as vaccine advocates: roles in community pharmacies, nursing homes, and hospitals, Vaccine 1998; 1997: 1705-1710.
  8. Vondracek TG, Pharm TP, Huycke MM : A hospital-based pharmacy intervention for pneumococcal vaccination, Arch Intern Med 1998; 158: 1543-1547. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.158.14.1543
  9. Steyer TE, Ragucci KR, Pearson WS, Mainous AG: The role of pharmacists in the delivery of influenza vaccinations, Vaccine 2004; 22: 1001-1006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2003.08.045
  10. 식품의약품안전청 바이오생약국, 백신 안전사용을 위한 핸드북, 식품의약품안전청 2009.
  11. Charles F. Lacy, Lora L. Armstrong, Morton P. Goldman, Leonard L. Lance : Drug Information Handbook 18th edition, Lexi-comp. 2009.
  12. Leon Shargel, Alan H. Mutnick, Paul F. Souney, Larry N. Swanson : Comprehensive Pharmacy Review 6th Edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2006.
  13. Bearden DT, Holt T. : Statewide impact of pharmacistdelivered adult influenza vaccination, Am J Prev Med. 2005; 29: 450-452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2005.08.003
  14. Blake EW, Blair MM, Couchenour RL : Perceptions of pharmacists as providers of immunization for adult patients, Pharmacotherapy 2003; 23: 248-254. https://doi.org/10.1592/phco.23.2.248.32083
  15. Crouse BJ, Nichol K, Peterson DC, Grimm MB : Hospitalbased strategies for improving influenza vaccination rate J Fam Pract 1994; 38: 258-261.
  16. Ernst ME, Chalstrom CV, Currie JD, Sorofman B : Implementation of a community pharmacy-based influenza vaccination program, J Am Pharm Assoc. 1997; NS37: 570-580.
  17. Jay H. Bauman, Allyn Bandell : The Role of Vaccination in the Prevention of Influenza, USPharmacist.com 2007.
  18. John D. Grabenstein, Guess HA, Hartzema AG, Koch GG, Konrad TR : Effect of vaccination by community pharmacists among adult prescription recipients, Med Care 2001; 39: 340- 348. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005650-200104000-00005
  19. Loughlin SM, Mortazavi A, Garey KW, Rice GK, Birtcher KK : Pharmacist-managed vaccination program increased influenza vaccination rates in cardiovascular patients enrolled in a secondary prevention lipid clinic. Pharmacotherapy 2007; 27: 729-733. https://doi.org/10.1592/phco.27.5.729
  20. Molinari NA, Ortega-Sanchez IR, Messonnier ML : The annual impact of seasonal influenza in the US: measuring disease burden and costs. Vaccine 2007; 28: 5086-5096.
  21. Sokos DR : Pharmacists' role in increasing pneumococcal and influenza vaccination, Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 2005; 62: 367-399.
  22. Van Amburgh JA, Waite NM, Hobson EH, Migden H : Improved influenza vaccination rates in a rural population as a result of a phatmacist-managed immunization campaign, Pharmacotherapy 2001; 21: 1115-1122. https://doi.org/10.1592/phco.21.13.1115.34624