Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회지)

The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회)
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Characterization and Antifungal Activity from Soilborne Streptomyces sp. AM50 towards Major Plant Pathogens

  • Jang, Jong-Ok (Dept. of Food Science and Technology Chungnam National University,) ;
  • Lee, Jung-Bok (Dept. of Optometry, Kundong University) ;
  • Kim, Beam-Soo (Dept. of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University) ;
  • Kang, Sun-Chul (Dept. of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, Daegu University) ;
  • Hwang, Cher-Won (School of Global Leadership, Handong Global University) ;
  • Shin, Kee-Sun (Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)) ;
  • Kwon, Gi-Seok (Dept. of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University)
  • Received : 2011.09.14
  • Accepted : 2011.09.23
  • Published : 2011.09.30
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Chemical fungicides not only may pollute the ecosystem but also can be environmentally hazardous, as the chemicals accumulate in soil. Biological control is a frequently-used environment-friendly alternative to chemical pesticides in phytopathogen management. However, the use of microbial products as fungicides has limitations. This study isolated and characterized a three-antifungal-enzyme (chitinase, cellulase, and ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase)-producing bacterium, and examined the conditions required to optimize the production of the antifungal enzymes. METHOD AND RESULTS: The antifungal enzymes chitinase, cellulase, and ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase were produced by bacteria isolated from an sawmill in Korea. Based on the 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis, the bacterial strain AM50 was identical to Streptomyces sp. And their antifungal activity was optimized when Streptomyces sp. AM50 was grown aerobically in a medium composed of 0.4% chitin, 0.4% starch, 0.2% ammonium sulfate, 0.11% $Na_2HPO_4$, 0.07% $KH_2PO_4$, 0.0001% $MgSO_4$, and 0.0001% $MnSO_4$ at $30^{\circ}C$. A culture broth of Streptomyces sp. AM50 showed antifungal activity towards the hyphae of plant pathogenic fungi, including hyphae swelling and lysis in P. capsici, factors that may contribute to its suppression of plant pathogenic fungi. CONCLUSION(S): This study demonstrated the multiantifungal enzyme production by Streptomyces sp. AM50 for the biological control of major plant pathogens. Further studies will investigate the synergistic effect, to the growth regulations by biogenic amines and antifungal enzyme gene promoter.

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References

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