Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI (전자공학회논문지CI)

The Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers (대한전자공학회)
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Performance Evaluation of Traffic Adaptive Sleep based MAC in Clustered Wireless Sensor Networks

클러스터 기반 무선 센서 망에서 트래픽 적응적 수면시간 기반 MAC 프로토콜 성능 분석

  • Xiong, Hongyu (Dept. of Science Information Convergence, Sunchon National University) ;
  • So, Won-Ho (Dept. of Computer Education, Sunchon National University)
  • 웅홍우 (순천대학교 과학정보융합학과) ;
  • 소원호 (순천대학교 컴퓨터교육과)
  • Received : 2011.07.01
  • Accepted : 2011.09.01
  • Published : 2011.09.25
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Abstract

In this paper, a traffic adaptive sleep based medium access control (TAS-MAC) protocol for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is proposed. The protocol aims for WSNs which consist of clustered sensor nodes and is based on TDMA-like schema. It is a typical schedule based mechanism which is adopted in previous protocols such as LEACH and Bit-Map Assisted MAC. The proposed MAC, however, considers unexpected long silent period in which sensor nodes have no data input and events do not happen in monitoring environment. With the simple traffic measurement, the TAS-MAC eliminates scheduling phases consuming energy in previous centralized approaches. A frame structure of the protocol includes three periods, investigation (I), transmission (T), and sleep-period (S). Through the I-period, TAS-MAC aggregates current traffic information from each end node and dynamically decide the length of sleep period to avoid energy waste in long silent period. In spite of the energy efficiency of this approach, the delay of data might increase. Thus, we propose an advanced version of TAS-MAC as well, each node in cluster sends one or more data packets to cluster head during the T-period of a frame. Through simulation, the performance in terms of energy consumption and transmission delay is evaluated. By comparing to BMA-MAC, the results indicate the proposed protocol is more energy efficient with tolerable expense in latency, especially in variable traffic situation.

본 논문에서는 무선 센서 망을 위한 트래픽 적응적 수면시간 기반 매체 접근 제어 (Traffic Adaptive Sleep based Medium Access Control; TAS-MAC) 프로토콜을 제안한다. 제안 된 프로토콜은 클러스터를 구성하는 센서노드에 적용되며 TDMA를 기본 방식으로 사용한다. 기존에 제시된 LEACH와 BMA-MAC과 같은 전형적인 스케줄링 방식을 사용하지만 입력 데이터가 없거나 주변으로부터 발생되는 이벤트 발생이 없는 긴 침묵시간을 고려한다. 이를 위하여 간단한 트래픽 측정기법을 사용하며 기존 중앙집중식 MAC에서 수행하는 불필요한 스케줄링 시간을 줄임으로서 에너지 소모를 적게 한다. 제안된 프로토콜의 프레임은 조사(I), 전송(T), 그리고 수면기간(S)로 구성되며 I-기간 동안 필요한 정보를 수집하여 긴 침묵 시간에 대응한 적당한 수면시간을 동적으로 결정한다. 또한 한 노드에서 클러스터 헤드로 전송할 데이터가 하나 이상일 때, T-기간 동안 다중의 데이터 전송이 가능하도록 TAS-MAC 프로토콜을 개선하여 데이터의 평균 전송 지연을 줄인다. 시뮬레이션을 통하여 에너지 소비와 전송 지연을 분석하고 기존 방식에 비해 에너지 효율이 향상됨을 보인다. 제안된 방식은 에너지 효율이 증가되면서 지연이 상대적으로 증가하는데 에너지 감소 요구를 만족시키는 방안도 논의한다.

Keywords

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