Tribology and Lubricants

Korean Tribology Society (한국트라이볼로지학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Friction Characteristics of DLC and WC/C

DLC와 WC/C의 마찰특성

  • Kim, Dong-Wook (School of Mechanical, Aerospace & Systems Engineering, KAIST(Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology)) ;
  • Kim, Kyung-Woong (School of Mechanical, Aerospace & Systems Engineering, KAIST(Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology))
  • 김동욱 (한국과학기술원 기계항공시스템학부) ;
  • 김경웅 (한국과학기술원 기계항공시스템학부)
  • Received : 2011.05.20
  • Accepted : 2011.11.01
  • Published : 2011.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In this study, friction tests were performed in order to investigate the effect of sliding velocity and normal load on the friction characteristics of DLC (a-C:H) and WC/C (a-C:H:W) using a ball-on-disk type friction tester. DLC and WC/C were deposited on AISI 52100 steel balls. Friction tests against carburized SCM 415 Cr-Mo steel disks were carried out under various sliding velocity (0.1, 0.78, 1.56, 3.13, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mm/s) and normal load (2.4, 4.8 and 9.6 N) conditions while the relative humidity was 20~40 % R.H. and air temperature was $16{\sim}24^{\circ}C$. As results, kinetic friction coefficients of DLC and WC/C were obtained under each test condition. The results show that the kinetic friction coefficients of DLC and WC/C generally increase with the increase in sliding velocity. And, under the same sliding velocity condition, the kinetic friction coefficients are almost constant regardless of normal load. In addition, the kinetic friction coefficients of DLC are lower than those of WC/C under the same test conditions.

본 연구에서는 수직 하중과 미끄럼 속도가 DLC (a-C:H)와 WC/C (a-C:H:W)의 마찰 특성에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 ball-on-disk 형태의 마찰 실험 장치를 이용하여 실험을 수행하였다. 연구 대상 고체 윤활막인 DLC와 WC/C는 AISI 52100 steel ball의 표면에 증착되었으며, 상대 마찰면의 재질은 침탄 경화된 SCM 415 Cr-Mo steel이다. 실험은 상대 습도가 20~40 %이고 온도가 $16{\sim}24^{\circ}C$인 대기 분위기에서 다양한 미끄럼 속도 (0.1, 0.78, 1.56, 3.13, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 mm/s) 및 수직 하중 (2.4, 4.8, 9.6 N) 조건에 대해 수행되었다. 실험 결과로 각각의 실험 조건에서의 DLC와 WC/C의 운동 마찰 계수를 얻었다. 실험 결과 DLC와 WC/C의 운동 마찰 계수는 미끄럼 속도가 증가할 수록 대체로 증가하였으며, 수직 하중에 관계없이 거의 일정한 값을 보였다. 그리고 동일한 실험 조건에서 DLC의 마찰 계수가 WC/C의 마찰 계수에 비해 대체로 낮은 값을 보였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Bhushan, B. Principles and Applications of Tribology. John Wiley and Sons, 1999.
  2. Rabinowicz, E. Friction and Wear of Materials. John Wiley and Sons, 1996.
  3. Bowden, F. P. and Tabor, D., THE FRICTION AND LUBRICATION OF SOLIDS, OXFORD AT THE CLARENDON PRESS, 1964.
  4. Hauert, R. "An overview on the tribological behavior of diamond-like carbon in technical and medical applications," Tribology International, Vol. 37, pp. 991-1003, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2004.07.017
  5. Liu, E., Blanpain, B., Shi, X., Celis, J. P., Tan, H. S., Tay, B. K., Cheah, L. K., and Roos, J. R. "Tribological Behavior of Different Diamond-like Carbon Materials," Surface and Coating Technology, Vol. 106, pp.72-80, 1998. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(98)00494-0
  6. Ronkainen, H., Varjus, S., Koskinen, J., and Holmberg, K. "Differentiating the Tribological Performance of Hydrogenated and Hydrogen-free DLC Coatings," Wear, Vol. 249, pp. 260-266, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1648(01)00558-0
  7. Wanstrand, O., Larsson, M., and Hedenqvist, P. "Mechanical and Tribological Evaluation of PVD WC/C coatings. Surface and Coatings Technology," Vol. 111, pp. 247-254, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(98)00821-4
  8. Liu, Y., Gubisch, M., Hild, W., Scherge, M., Spiess, L., Knedlik, Ch., and Schaefer, J. A. "Nanoscale Multilayer WC/C Coatings Developed for Nanopositioning, Part II : Friction and Wear," Thin Solid Films, Vol. 488, pp. 140-148, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2005.03.020
  9. Ohana, T., Suzuki, M., Nakamura, T., Tanaka, A., and Koga, Y. "Tribological Properties of DLC Films Deposited on Steel Substrate with Various Surface Roughness," Diamond and Related Materials, Vol. 13, pp. 2211-2215, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diamond.2004.06.037
  10. Na, B. C. and Tanaka, A. "Tribological Characteristics of Diamond-like Carbon Films Based on Hardness of Mating Materials," Thin Solid Films, Vol. 478, pp. 176-182, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2004.10.040
  11. Liu, E., Ding, Y. F., Li, L., Blanpain, B., and Celis, J.-P. "Influence of Humidity on the Friction of Diamond and Diamond-like Carbon Materials," Tribology International, Vol. 40, pp. 216-219, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.012
  12. Tanaka, A., Suzuki, M. and Ohana, T. "Friction and Wear of Various DLC Films in Water and Air Environments," Tribology Letter, Vol. 17, pp. 917-924, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-004-8100-2
  13. Kim, H. I., Lince, J. R., Eryilmaz, O. L. and Erdemir, A. "Environmental Effects on the Friction of hydrogenated DLC Films," Tribology Letter, Vol. 21, pp. 53-58, 2006.
  14. Gao, F., Erdemir, A., and Tysoe, W. T. "The Tribological Properties of Low-friction Hydrogenated Diamond- like Carbon Measured in Ultrahigh Vacuum," Tribology Letter, Vol. 20, pp. 221-226, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-005-8549-7
  15. Li, H., Xu, T., Wang, C., Chen, J., Zhou, H. and Liu, H. "Tribochemical Effects on the Friction and Wear Behaviors of Diamond-like Carbon Film Under High Relative Humidity Condition," Tribology Letter, Vol. 19, pp. 231-238, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-005-6150-8
  16. Ronkainen, H., Varjus, S., Koskinen, J., and Holmberg, K. "Differentiating the Tribological Performance of Hydrogenated and Hydrogen-free DLC coatings," Wear, Vol. 249, pp. 260-266, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1648(01)00558-0
  17. Jiaren, J and Arnell, J. D. "The Effect of Sliding Speed on Wear of Diamond-like Carbon Coatings," Wear, Vol. 218, pp. 555-560, 1999.

Cited by

  1. A Study on Wear Mechanism in Diamond-like Carbon Coated Surface by Finite Element Analysis vol.29, pp.6, 2013, https://doi.org/10.9725/kstle.2013.29.6.366
  2. Indentation and Sliding Contact Analysis between a Rigid Ball and DLC-Coated Steel Surface: Influence of Supporting Layer Thickness vol.30, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.9725/kstle.2014.30.4.199
  3. A Study on Friction and Wear Properties of Tetrahedral Amorphous Carbon Coatings on Various Counterpart Materials vol.34, pp.6, 2011, https://doi.org/10.9725/kts.2018.34.6.241