Usefulness of Hemoperfusion in Paraquat Poisoning

Paraquat 중독 환자에서 혈액관류의 유용성

  • Choi, Won-Seok (Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Jung, Eun-Haeng (Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Eun-Hye (Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Seo, Jung-Yeon (Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Jun, Kyung-Hong (Department of Internal Medicine, Goesan Samsung Hospital) ;
  • Kang, Myung-Soo (Department of Internal Medicine, Goesan Samsung Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Hyang (Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine)
  • 최원석 (성균관대학교 의과대학 강북삼성병원 내과) ;
  • 정은행 (성균관대학교 의과대학 강북삼성병원 내과) ;
  • 박은혜 (성균관대학교 의과대학 강북삼성병원 내과) ;
  • 서정연 (성균관대학교 의과대학 강북삼성병원 내과) ;
  • 전경홍 (괴산삼성병원 내과) ;
  • 강명수 (괴산삼성병원 내과) ;
  • 김향 (성균관대학교 의과대학 강북삼성병원 내과)
  • Published : 2011.03.01

Abstract

Background/Aims: Paraquat is a potentially lethal herbicide that induces acute renal failure, hepatic dysfunction, and progressive respiratory failure. This study examined the usefulness of hemoperfusion in paraquat poisoning. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 27 patients who underwent hemoperfusion after paraquat poisoning at Eumseong Keumwang Hospital from January 2009 to January 2010. Results: All 27 paraquat-poisoning patients underwent hemoperfusion therapy within 6 hours of ingestion, and 13 patients survived. Patients who had ingested more than four mouthfuls died with 24 hours despite hemoperfusion. The mean arrival time at the emergency room and the plasma paraquat concentration in the survivors was 3.08 hours and 1.30 ${\mu}g$/mL, respectively; after hemoperfusion, the mean elapsed time was 8.92 hours and the plasma paraquat level was 0.14 ${\mu}g$/mL. The mean arrival time at the emergency room and plasma paraquat concentration in the non-survivors was 2.93 hours and 50.52 ${\mu}g$/mL, respectively; after hemoperfusion, the mean elapsed time was 9.36 hours, and the plasma paraquat level was 40.52 ${\mu}g$/mL. Conclusions: Urgent hemoperfusion therapy is essential for complete recovery from paraquat poisoning in patients who do not have metabolic acidosis or renal failure. However, hemoperfusion is not effective in those who ingested large amount of paraquat or have a urine dithionite of 4+, metabolic acidosis, or acute renal failure.

목적: Paraquat는 급성신부전 및 간부전과 함께 간질성 폐렴 또는 진행성 폐 섬유화증을 일으켜 폐부전으로 사망하게 하는 맹독성 제초제이다. 본 연구의 목적은 paraquat 중독 환자에서 혈액관류의 치료 효과 및 유용성에 대하여 연구하고자 하였다. 방법: 2009년 1월부터 2010년 1월까지 paraquat 중독 환자는 총 58명으로 이 중 27명이 혈액관류 치료를 시행 받았다. 혈액관류 치료 받은 환자를 대상으로 동맥혈 가스 분석 등의 혈액검사와 소변 dithionite 검사, 혈중 paraquat 농도를 비교 분석하여 혈액관류의 시작 시간과 종결시점 및 혈액관류의 효과 등에 대하여 조사하였다. 결과: 혈액관류를 받은 27명 중 생존군은 13명, 사망군은 14명이었다. 사망군에서 생존군에 비하여 음독량이 많았으며, 음독량이 4모금(80 mL) 이상인 경우는 혈액관류 치료에도 불구하고 24시간 이내에 사망하는 것으로 나타났다. 생존군에서 혈액관류 후 혈중농도는 Proudfoot 생존곡선 하방으로 감소하였으나 사망군에서는 혈액관류 치료에도 불구하고 Proudfoot 생존곡선 하방으로 혈중농도가 감소하지 않았다. 결론: Paraquat 음독환자의 혈액관류치료는 가급적 빠른 시간 내에 시행하는 것이 좋으며, 혈액관류의 대상은 대사성산혈증이 없으며, 급성신부전이 동반되어 있지 않는 환자군에서 시행되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. 향후 대단위의 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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