Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

The Korean Society of Occupational & Environmental Medicine (대한직업환경의학회)
권호 표지

An Assessment of the Needs and the Affecting Factors for Small Scale Enterprise Worker's Health Centers

소규모 사업장의 근로자건강센터 요구도 및 이용에 영향을 미치는 요인 연구

  • Nam, Ki-Chul (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Ji-Su (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine) ;
  • Koh, Jae-Woo (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Jong-Seo (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Jong-Tae (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Hae-Joon (University Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University) ;
  • Chung, Jin-Joo (Korean Women’s Development Institute, Ewha Woman’s University) ;
  • Kim, Jeong-Youn (Industrial Accident Prevention and Compensation Bureau, Ministry of Employment and Labor) ;
  • Kim, Dae-Sung (Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA)) ;
  • Park, Jung-Sun (Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA))
  • 남기철 (고려대학교 의과대학 산업의학교실) ;
  • 박지수 (고려대학교 의과대학 산업의학교실) ;
  • 고재우 (고려대학교 의과대학 산업의학교실) ;
  • 김종서 (고려대학교 의과대학 산업의학교실) ;
  • 박종태 (고려대학교 의과대학 산업의학교실) ;
  • 김해준 (고려대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실) ;
  • 정진주 (이화여자대학교 한국여성연구원) ;
  • 김정연 (고용노동부 산재예방보상정책관실) ;
  • 김대성 (한국산업안전보건공단) ;
  • 박정선 (한국산업안전보건공단)
  • Published : 2011.12.31
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Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this paper is to assess the needs and roles of the Worker's Health Centers employed by small scale enterprises by investigating the requested services made to this type of Worker's Health Center. Methods: The population of this research was taken from 1,145 business owners or managers of manufacturing companies employing less than fifty people in six industrial estates. Stratified sampling was used. Individual interviews were performed to assess the conditions and needs of these enterprises using a structured questionnaire and professional interviewers. Results: According to the questionnaire survey, 941(82.2%) of the enterprises wish to use a Worker's Health Center. 946(83.3%) of the enterprises preferred an 'Expert visit to the enterprise or mixed' for the Delivery type. 486(42.4%) of the enterprises preferred the 'in the center of industrial complex' for the location of the Worker's Health Center. 789(69.1%) of the enterprises preferred 6-10 PM for the available open hours. A multiple regression analysis revealed a significantly positive association regarding the intention of using a Worker's Health Center and the Gyeonggi-Banwol (OR 2.49) or Gwangju- Hanam(OR 4.24) for the region. Compared to enterprises employing 1-4 worker, 30-49 worker enterprises show a 3.33 fold preference (95% CI 1.80~6.12) for the use of a Worker's Health Center. Conclusions: Generally, the intention regarding the use of a Worker's Health Center was high, Considering the time and spatial limits inherentin small scale enterprises, the 'expert visit to the enterprise' paradigm is important. It should be noted that when providing the service, a customized approach is necessary, determined by size, region, industry, and scale of the business, through the assessment of the small scale enterprises and the nature of the work environment when designing a Worker's Health Center operation.

목적: 본 연구는 소규모 사업장의 안전보건관련 특성과 근로자 건강센터의 서비스 제공방식 및 우선순위에 대한 요구도를 파악하고, 이용에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석함으로써 근로자 건강센터의 역할을 정립하고 사업의 접근성을 제고하기 위한 방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 방법: 모집단은 전국 6개 산업단지에 소재한 근로자수 50인 미만인 제조업 사업장으로 정의하였고, 층화추출 방법을 적용하여 표본단위(사업장)을 표집하여 제조업에 근무하고 있는 사업주 또는 관리자급 근로자 1145명이 최종 연구 대상으로 선정되었다. 이들을 대상으로 구조화된 설문지와 전문면접원을 활용하여 사업장 현황과 사업장 요구도에 대해서 개별면접조사를 실시하였다. 결과: 안전보건문제의 중요성에 대해서 '중요하다'는 1,080개(94.3%), 지역 내 근로자 건강센터가 설립되는 경우 '이용하겠다'는 응답은 941개(82.2%)로 나타났다. 근로자 건강센터 서비스 제공방식에 관하여 946개 (83.3%)에서 '방문형 또는 혼합형'을 선호하였고 전문요원의 방문서비스 횟수로는 '한달에 한번 미만 방문'을 695개(60.7%)의 사업장에서 선호하였다. 근로자 건강센터의 입지에 관련해서는 '공단 한가운데'가 486개 (42.4%), '교통이 편리한 지역'이 501개(43.8%)로 나타났다. 이용가능 시간으로는 오후 6시~10시(퇴근 이후)를 789개(69.1%)로 가장 선호했고 이용가능 요일로는 주중(월요일~금요일)을 799개(70.7%)로 가장 선호하였고 주말(토요일~일요일)을 335개(29.6%)에서 선호하였다. 서비스 우선순위로는 근로자, 사업주를 위한 교육 상담 자료제공이 595개(52.3%)로 가장 높았다. 사업장의 일반적 특성과 근로자 건강센터 운영에 관한 요구도 특성을 독립변수로 정하고 근로자 건강센터 이용 의향을 종속변수로 한 로지스틱 회귀분석에서 지역별로 대구성서지역에 비해 경기반월지역 2.49배(95% CI 1.46~4.23), 광주하남지역 4.24배(95% CI 1.95~9.19)로 통계적으로 유의하게 이용 의향도가 증가하였다. 규모별로는 4명이하에 비해, 5-9명 2.08배(95% CI 1.37~3.15), 10~29명 3.34배(95% CI 2.13~5.23), 30~49명 3.33배(95% CI 1.80~6.12)로 규모가 큰 사업장에서 이용의향이 높았다. 안전보건문제의 중요성을 '중요하지 않다'고 인식하는 사업장에 비해'중요하다'고 인식하는 사업장에서 4.92배(95% CI 2.78~8.71)로 이용의향이 높았으며 방문서비스 횟수에 따라서는'한달에 한번 미만 방문'을 선호하는 사업장에 비해 '한달에 한번 이상 방문'을 선호하는 사업장에서 1.71배(95% CI 1.18~2.48)로 이용의향이 높게 나타났다. 결론: 소규모 사업장에서 근로자 건강센터를 이용하겠다는 의향이 전반적으로 높았고 이들에게 서비스 제공시 교통의 편리성 및 공단 한가운데의 입지, 퇴근 이후의 시간 선호, 적지 않은 주말 이용 의사 등 근로자 건강센터에 대한 사업장의 요구도를 고려해야 함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 근로자 건강센터 이용의 시간적, 지리적 제한을 감안하여 서비스 내용에 따라 방문형과 내방형 서비스를 적절히 조화시켜야 함을 유추할 수 있었다. 이러한 소규모 사업장의 요구도 및 작업 환경의 특성을 파악하여 서비스 제공시 지역 및 산업단지별, 업종별, 규모별 맞춤형 방식으로 서비스를 제공하는 것이 향후 근로자 건강센터 운영에서 참고해야 할 부분으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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