Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

The Korean Society of Occupational & Environmental Medicine (대한직업환경의학회)
권호 표지

The Effect of Socio-Economic Factors on Occupational Injuries in Korea: A Time Series Analysis

시계열 자료를 이용한 산업재해와 관련된 사회.경제적 요인

  • Bang, Ye-Won (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hallym University Scared Heart Hospital) ;
  • Im, Hyoung-June (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hallym University Scared Heart Hospital) ;
  • Kwon, Young-Jun (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hangang Scared Heart Hospital) ;
  • Cho, Seong-Sik (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Incheon Worker's Compensation Hospital) ;
  • Lee, Tae-Kyung (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Incheon MedicalCenter) ;
  • Yoon, In-Ki (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hallym University Scared Heart Hospital) ;
  • Ju, Young-Su (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hallym University Scared Heart Hospital)
  • 방예원 (한림대학교 성심병원 산업의학과) ;
  • 임형준 (한림대학교 성심병원 산업의학과) ;
  • 권영준 (한강성심병원 산업의학과) ;
  • 조성식 (인천산재병원) ;
  • 이태경 (인천광역시의료원 산업의학과) ;
  • 윤인기 (한림대학교 성심병원 산업의학과) ;
  • 주영수 (한림대학교 성심병원 산업의학과)
  • Published : 2011.12.31
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objective: We performed a time series analysis in order to identify the relationship between the occupational injury rate and socio-economic factors, and through this predict the occupational injury occurrence rate. Methods: We reviewed 168 sets of monthly data. For the statistical analysis, we used the economic index data provided by Statics Korea and the occupational injury index provided by the Workers' Compensation & Welfare Service gathered from 1994 to 2007. We performed a correlation analysis to find relationship between the occupation injury rate and economic factors. Using the correlation analysis result, we used time series analysis for the data in order to find out the association between occupational injuries and socio-economic indicators. We performed time series analysis to find out association occupation injury rate with socio-economic factors. In addition we ran a prediction occupational injury rate for 2008 and compared the result to the actual value. Results: The factors associated with occupational injuries were the daily worker index (b=0.394, p< 0.0001), the mechanical index (b=-0.023, p=0.0043), the manufacturing operation index (b=0.152, p<0.0001), the workers compensation coverage expansion (b=1.189, p=0.015), the IMF index (b=-2.05, p<0.0001), and the after IMF index (b=-1.565, p=0.01). The daily worker index, manufacturing operation index, and workers compensation coverage expansion had an effect that increased the occupational injury rate. Conversely, the mechanical index and IMF variable tended to decrease the occupational injury rate. Conclusions: This study suggests that the daily worker index, manufacturing operation index, workers compensation coverage expansion, and IMF variables are related factors in regards to occupational injury.

목적: 시계열자료 분석 방법론을 통해, 그 동안 잘 알려져 있지 않은 우리나라 산업재해와 사회 경제적 요인들과의 관련성을 확인하고, 향후 발생할 수 있는 산업재해 수준을 예측함과 동시에 산업재해 예방을 위한 시의적절한 대응전략을 마련하기 위하여 기획 수행되었다. 방법: 산재지표는 근로복지공단에서 요양 결정된 재해자수와 지방 노동 관서에 산업재해조사표가 제출된 재해자수를 합친 전체 재해자수(월별 순 재해자수)를 이용하였고, 경제지표는 1994년부터 2007년까지 통계청에서 제공하는 2차 자료를 이용하였다. 산재월별 만인률과 관련이 있는 경제적 변수를 찾기 위하여 임시 근로자 지수, 일용 근로자 지수, 제조업 가동률 지수, 기계류 지수를 설명변수로 하고 산재월별 만인률과 상관분석을 수행하였고, 사회적 변수는 연구기간 동안 있었던 IMF시기를 전후로 사회경제적으로 많은 변화가 있었기 때문에 IMF시기 변수와 산재보험 적용사업장확대 변수를 설명변수로 채택하였다. 사회 경제적지표에서 관련성이 있는 지표를 이용하여 산재월별 만인률과 관련성을 보기 위해 자기회귀오차모형을 이용하여 분석하였다. 결과: 산업재해와 관련된 경제적 변수는 일용 근로자지수(b=0.394 p<0.0001), 제조업 가동률 지수(b=0.152 p<0.0001), 기계류 지수(b=-0.023 p=0.043)로 확인되었고, 통계적으로도 유의하였다. 일용 근로자 지수와 제조업 가동률 지수는 한 단위 증가 할수록 산업재해는 증가되는 방향으로 작용하였고, 임시 근로자 지수와 기계류 지수는 산업재해를 감소시키는 방향으로 작용하였다. 사회적 변수인 산재보험적용이 확대된 시기(b=1.189 p=0.015)는 산업재해를 증가시키는 방향으로 작용하였고, IMF시기(b=-2.05 p<0.0001)와 IMF이후(b=-1.565 p=0.0104)시기 모두 산업재해를 감소시키는 방향으로 작용하였다. 결론: 산재와 관련 있는 사회 경제적 변수는 제조업가 동률지수, 기계류지수, 일용근로자지수, 산재보험적용확대변수, IMF시기, IMF이후시기 변수로 확인되었다. 산업재해를 예방하기 위해서는 사회 경제적 변수와 관련된 정책적 대안마련이 수반되어야 하고, 과학적 정책결정을 위해서는 거시적 관점에서 산재와 관련된 연구가 추가로 수행되어야 할 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. Ministry of Employment and Labor (MOEL):The occurence reports of occupational injury(2010) (translated by Bang YW). Ministry of Employment and Labor . korea. 2011;2-15. (Korean)
  2. Ministry of Employment and Labor (MOEL):The occurrence reports of occupational injuries(2009) (translated by Bang YW). Ministry of Employment and Labor . Korea. 2010;7-17. (Korean)
  3. Ko DS. Association factors with occupational injuries. Korean J Occup and Environ Med 1997;9(1):99-108. (Korean)
  4. Shin SH, Kim DH, Ahn JH, Kim HD, Kim JH, Kang HM, Lee JT. Factors associated with occupational injury of ship-building supply workers in Busan(translated by Bang YW). Korean J Occup and Environ Med 2008;20:15-24. (Korean)
  5. Kossoris MD. Industrial injuries and the business cycle. Monthly Lab. Rev 1938;46:579.
  6. Davies R, Jones P, Nunez I. The impact of the business cycle on occupational injuries in the UK. Soc Sci Med 2009;69(2):178-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.04.033
  7. Korean Statistical Information Service (KOSIS). Composite Economic Indexs, Industrial prodution. Available: http://www.kosis.kr/eng/database/ database_001000.jsp Economic Indexes, Industrial production [cited 25 May 2011].
  8. Korean Statistical Information Service (KOSIS). Composite Economic Indexs, Industrial prodution. Available: http://www.kosis.kr/eng/database/ database_001000.jsp Economic Indexes, Industrial production [cited 25 May 2011].
  9. Jo SS, Son YS. Autoregressive Error Model. In: Time series analysis for SAS/ETS (translated by Bang YW). Yulgok Pubilsher. Seoul. 2009. pp 71. (Korean)
  10. Choi SW. Correlations between occupational injury and illness index and composite indices of business indicators. In: Ahn KI (eds) OSH research brief 2009; 23:92-6. (Korean)
  11. Yi KH, Chung HK, Park JS. The prediction model of the number of industrial injured persons using data mining. Korean J Occup and Environ Med 2000;12(4):515-23. (Korean)
  12. Ju JH. (An) Empirical analysis of causes of occupational accidents in Korea. Kyungbook university. Pusan. 1996. (Korean)
  13. Asfaw A, Pana-Cryan R, Rosa R. The business cycle and the incidence of workplace injuries: Evidence from the U.S.A. J Saf Res 2011;42(1):1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2010.10.008
  14. Neumayer E. Recessions lower (some) mortality rates: evidence from Germany. Soc Sci Med 2004;58(6):1037-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(03)00276-4
  15. Korea occupational safety & health agency (KOSHA). Status of occupational injury of Korea in 2007. Korea occupational safety & health agency. Incheon. 2008. pp 61. (Korean)
  16. Kim CY, Jeon MJ, Byun DH. Five-year industrial accidents of ship-building workers at a ship-yard. Korean J Occup Environ Med 2003;15(4):436-45. (Korean)
  17. Hwang ID, Park YS, Seo SK. A study on industrial accidents of workers in Jeonbug areas. J Prev Med Public Health 1981;14(1):89-96. (Korean)
  18. Hong SH. A decreasing trend of industrial injuries at a large scale textile company. J Prev Med Public Health 1984;17(1):65-74. (Korean)
  19. Kim SG. A status of the report for industrial injuries and illnesses at an automobile related plant. Korean J Occup and Environ Med 1998;10(4):562-70. (Korean)
  20. Bang HN, Ahn JY, Jang JY, Ho JH, Kim HK, Kim WY, Korea Labor Institute (KLI). Employment type of paid worker (translated by Bang YW). In: Korean labor income panel study. Seoul. 2001. pp 73. (Korean)
  21. Kang DM, Ko SB, Knoh JH, Ju YS. Occupational injury. In: Choi BY (eds)Preventive medicine and public health. 2010. (Korean)
  22. Ussif AA. An international analysis of workplace injuries. Monthly Lab Rev 2004;127:41.
  23. Ministry of Employment and Labor (MOEL). The occurrence reports of occupational injuries 2001(translated by Bang YW). 2002;9-19. (Korean)
  24. Kang SK, Kwon OJ, Kim YS, Choi SW. The study on causal analysis and countermeasure for occupational injuries (translated by Bang YW). Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency 2010;60-1. (Korean)