Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life (동아시아식생활학회지)

The East Asian Society of Dietary Life (동아시아식생활학회)
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Comparative Study on Dietary Life and Nutrient Intakes of Elderly Persons at Nursing Home or Their Home in Chungnam

충남지역 일부 시설노인과 재가노인의 식생활 및 영양섭취상태 비교

  • Song, Eun-Sook (Nutrition Education, Graduate School of Education, Kongju National University) ;
  • Kim, Eun-Jin (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Kongju National University) ;
  • Kim, Myung-Hee (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Kongju National University) ;
  • Choi, Mi-Kyeong (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Kongju National University)
  • 송은숙 (공주대학교 교육대학원 영양교육) ;
  • 김은진 (공주대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김명희 (공주대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 최미경 (공주대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2011.08.05
  • Accepted : 2011.10.25
  • Published : 2011.10.31
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare the dietary life and nutrient intakes among elderly persons residing at nursing homes and their homes in order to provide fundamental data for improved foodservice and dietary management. We recruited 150 subjects at a nursing home stay and 150 home stay elderly persons for a survey. The results were as follows. There was no significant difference in frequency of napping between the two groups. The frequency of going out was higher in the home stay subjects, but regular exercise was higher in nursing home stay subjects. Subjects possessed the following diseases: dementia and digestive disorders for nursing home stay elderly men, blood vessel disorder and diabetes for home stay elderly men, digestive and blood vessel disorders for nursing home stay elderly women, and blood vessel and heart disease for home stay elderly women. In a health-related assessment, smoking, drinking, and teeth condition of nursing home stay subjects were not higher than those of home stay subjects. The ratio of subjects who ate meals everyday was higher in nursing home stay elderly women than in home stay women. While most nursing home subjects ate adequate amount of meals, home stay subjects ate until they were full. The daily energy intakes of men and women were 2,229.9 kcal and 2,302.1 kcal for nursing home subjects and 1,894.0 kcal and 1,885.9 kcal for home subjects, respectively. Nutrient intake was also higher in nursing home than home stay subjects. In summary, the dietary life of elderly persons residing in a nursing home was higher than that of elderly persons residing at their home from the view point of meal frequency, meal intake, and nutrient intakes. Therefore, systematic assessment and management of nutrition for elderly staying at a nursing home or at home alone should be conducted continually.

본 연구에서는 거주상태가 다른 시설과 재가 노인들의 식생활 및 영양섭취상태를 비교, 분석하여 질적으로 우수한 양질의 급식을 제공하고 합리적인 식생활 관리가 이루어질 수 있는 기초자료를 제공하고자 충남지역 일부 시설노인 150명과 재가노인 150명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 시설노인과 재가노인의 낮잠 빈도는 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 외출 빈도는 재가노인이 시설노인보다 유의하게 높았다. 일상생활 신체활동 정도에서 시설노인이 재가노인보다 매우 가벼운 활동을 한다는 비율이 높았으나, 운동 빈도에서는 시설노인이 재가노인에 비해 규칙적인 운동 비율이 높았다. 2. 시설과 재가 노인 대부분이 질병을 가지고 있었으며, 남자 시설노인은 치매(50.0%)와 소화기질환(30.0%), 재가노인은 혈관질환(40.0%)과 당뇨병(26.0%)순으로 질병을 가지고 있었다. 여자의 경우 시설노인은 소화기질환(43.0%)과 혈관질환(27.0%), 재가노인은 혈관질환(46.0%)과 심장질환(27.0%) 순으로 나타났다. 영양제 복용의 경우 남자 시설노인은 안한다는 응답이 52.0%로 높았으며, 재가노인의 60.0%가 가끔 먹는다고 응답하여 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 흡연, 음주, 구강상태와 같은 건강관련 평가는 시설노인이 재가노인보다 바람직하지 못한 것으로 나타났다. 3. 식사 빈도의 경우, 여자 노인은 아침, 점심, 저녁식사를 매일 한다는 비율이 재가노인보다 시설노인에서 유의하게 높았으며, 남자 노인은 저녁식사를 매일 한다는 비율이 시설노인보다 재가노인에서 유의하게 높았다. 식사의 양에서는 시설노인은 적당량 식사를 한다고 답한 비율이 가장 높았으며, 재가노인은 배부를 때까지 식사한다는 비율이 가장 높았다. 식사시간은 시설노인들의 식사시간이 재가노인보다 상대적으로 짧은 것으로 나타났다. 일일 간식빈도에서 시설노인은 1회가, 재가노인은 2회가 가장 높은 비율을 보였다. 4. 영양소 섭취량의 경우 시설노인의 에너지 섭취량은 남녀 각각 2,229.9 kcal와 2,302.1 kcal로 재가노인의 1,894.0 kcal와 1,885.9 kcal보다 유의하게 높았다. 그밖에 단백질, 비타민 A, 비타민 $B_1$, 비타민 $B_2$, 니아신, 엽산, 비타민 C, 칼슘, 인, 철, 아연 등의 영양소 섭취량이 재가노인보다 시설노인에서 유의하게 높았다. 이상의 연구결과를 통해 시설노인의 건강상태가 재가노인보다 불량함에도 불구하고, 식사빈도, 식사 섭취량, 영양 섭취량 등이 재가노인보다 높게 나타났다. 향후 시설노인과 재가노인에 대한 영양평가 및 관리가 지속적이고 전문적으로 이루어질 수 있는 방안이 마련되어야할 것이다.

Keywords

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