DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Development of Analysis Method for Cholesterol in Infant Formula by Direct Saponification

직접 검화법을 이용한 조제분유의 콜레스테롤 분석법 개발

  • Kim, Jin-Man (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University) ;
  • Park, Jung-Min (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University) ;
  • Yoon, Tae-Hyung (Nutrition and Functional Food Research Team, Korea Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Leem, Dong-Gil (Nutrition and Functional Food Research Team, Korea Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Yoon, Chang-Yong (Nutrition and Functional Food Research Team, Korea Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Jeong, Ja-Young (Nutrition and Functional Food Research Team, Korea Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Jeong, In-Seek (Food Safety Center, Research and Development Institute, Namyang Dairy Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Kwak, Byung-Man (Food Safety Center, Research and Development Institute, Namyang Dairy Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Ahn, Jang-Hyuk (Food Safety Center, Research and Development Institute, Namyang Dairy Co., Ltd.)
  • 김진만 (건국대학교 동물생명과학대학) ;
  • 박정민 (건국대학교 동물생명과학대학) ;
  • 윤태형 (식품의약품안전청 식품의약품안전평가원 영양기능연구팀) ;
  • 임동길 (식품의약품안전청 식품의약품안전평가원 영양기능연구팀) ;
  • 윤창용 (식품의약품안전청 식품의약품안전평가원 영양기능연구팀) ;
  • 정자영 (식품의약품안전청 식품의약품안전평가원 영양기능연구팀) ;
  • 정인식 (남양유업 중앙연구소 식품안전센터) ;
  • 곽병만 (남양유업 중앙연구소 식품안전센터) ;
  • 안장혁 (남양유업 중앙연구소 식품안전센터)
  • Received : 2011.11.28
  • Accepted : 2011.11.29
  • Published : 2011.12.31

Abstract

An improved cholesterol analysis method was developed for powdered infant formula by gas chromatographic separation after liquid-liquid extraction and partition. In the official Korea Food Standard method for cholesterol analysis, the water phase and solvent phase were not well separated in the case of emulsified foods such as powdered infant formulas and baby foods. For the rapid and simple sample preparation method, an optimized direct saponification condition was established for heating temperature, heating time, and KOH concentration. From the results, the optimum conditions were as follows: heating temperature $90^{\circ}C$, heating time 60 min, and 16 M KOH 10 mL for a 2 g infant formula sample; improved separation condition for gas chromatography was as follows: the initial oven condition was $250^{\circ}C$ for 25 min, the oven temperature was increased to $290^{\circ}C$ by $10^{\circ}C$/min ratio, and finally the oven temperature remained at $290^{\circ}C$for 9 min. The developed method could be implemented for the study of cholesterol, providing the advantages of reduced inspection time and cost in emulsified foods such as infant formula.

본 연구에서는 조제분유 중의 콜레스테롤을 신속하고 정확하게 분석하기 위해 지방 추출 과정을 거치지 않는 직접 검화 방법을 선택하여 분석법 개발을 시도하였다. 조제분유 분말시료를 직접 검화 수기에 취하여 검화 온도, 검화 시간, KOH 농도의 3가지 인자에 대해 콜레스테롤 회수율이 가장 양호하게 나타나는 최적 검화조건을 확립하고, 검화 후 수세과정에서 액액 분배가 용이한 용매 조건도 확립하였다. 또한 콜레스테롤 피크의 완전한 분리를 위한 적정 기기 조건을 확립하였다. 그 결과, 시료 약 2 g에 16 M-KOH 10 mL를 넣고 $90^{\circ}C$에서 60분 가열하여 검화한 후 diethyl ether로 3회 추출하고 hexane을 최종시험용액으로 하여 기기분석을 했을 때의 회수율이 98.80%로서 가장 양호하게 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 개발된 조제분유의 효율적인 액액분배 및 직접가열 검화법은 일원배치 분산법에 의해 유화가공식품의 콜레스테롤 분석법으로 유효성이 검증되었으며, 아울러 개발된 전처리 방법 및 기기 분석 조건을 활용해 다양한 분석 기관에서 신속 정확하고 효율적인 콜레스테롤 분석을 수행할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 또한 산업체의 품질관리 및 검증기관에서 필요시 모니터링에 적극 활용 가능할 것으로 사료되며, 이를 통해 유화가공식품 류의 함량표시 및 규격관리의 정확성과 효율성 증대에 기여하여 제조업체의 정확하고도 효과적인 품질 및 안전성 확보에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 특히 위해 물질에 대한 정확한 함량 판단이 중요한 조제분유 등의 영 유아용 식품의 안전성 확보에 지대한 공헌을 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

References

  1. AOAC (2005a) Official methods of analysis. 18th ed, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC, 976.26, Cholesterol in multicomponent foods.
  2. AOAC (2005b) Official methods of analysis. 18th ed, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC, 994.10, Cholesterol in foods, direct saponification-gas chromatographic method.
  3. Choong, Y. M., Lini, H. J., Chen, C. W., and Wang, M. L. (1999) A rapid gas chromatographic method for direct determination of free sterols in animal and vegetable fats and oils. J. Food Drug Anal. 7, 279-290.
  4. Fletouris, D. J., Botsogloi, N. A., Psomas, I. E., and Mantis, A. I. (1998) Rapid determination of cholesterol in milk and milk products by direct saponification and capillary gas chromatography. J. Dairy Sci. 81, 2833-2840. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(98)75842-4
  5. Guardiola , F.., Codony, R., Rafecas, M. and Boatella, J. (1994) Selective gas chromatographic determination of cholesterol in eggs. JAOCs 71, 867-871. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02540464
  6. International standard (2001) ISO 14156 | IDF 172; Milk and milk products - Extraction methods for lipids and liposoluble compounds. International Dairy Federation, Brussels, Belgium.
  7. International standard (2006) ISO 18252 | IDF 200; Anhydrous milk fat - Determination of sterol composition by gas liquid chromatography (Routine method). International Dairy Federation. Brussels, Belgium.
  8. Korea Food Code (2010) 10.1.1.5.6, Cholesterol. Korea Food Industry Association, Seoul, Korea, pp. 431-433.
  9. KS A ISO 5725 (2002) Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results. Korean Agency for Technology and Standards, Gwacheon, Korea.
  10. Kwak, B. M., Ahn, J. H., and Chang, C. H. (2005) Simultaneous determination of vitamin D3 and K1 in infant formula by column-switching high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 37, 1024-1027.
  11. Kwak, B. M., Lee, K. W., Ahn, J. H., and Kong, U. Y. (2004) Simultaneous determination of vitamin A and E in infant formula by rapid extraction and HPLC with photodiode array detection. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 36, 189-195.
  12. Lee, D. K., Ahn, J. J., and Kwak, H. S. (1997) Comparison of gas chromatographic method with enzymatic method for cholesterol determination in milk and cream. Foods Biotechnol. 6, 322-324.
  13. Sullivan, D. M., and Carpenter, D. E. (1993) Methods of analysis for nutrition labeling: Chapter 5 lipid analysis. AOAC International, Arlington, USA, pp. 85-103.
  14. Sweeney, J. P. and Weihrauch, J. L. (1976) Summary of available data for cholesterol in foods and methods for its determination. CRC Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 8, 131-159. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408397609527220

Cited by

  1. Quantitative analysis of cholesterol in infant formula by isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry vol.28, pp.6, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5806/AST.2015.28.6.460
  2. Anti-inflammatory and Anti-cancer Effects of Sterol-rich Fraction from Nannochloropsis oculata by using Saponification vol.47, pp.6, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5657/KFAS.2014.0770
  3. Content of Fat-Soluble Nutrients (Cholesterol, Retinol, and α-Tocopherol) in Different Parts of Poultry Meats according to Cooking Method vol.44, pp.2, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2015.44.2.234
  4. Application of Rapid Sample Preparation Method and Monitoring for Cholesterol Content in Chicken Egg and Egg powder vol.33, pp.5, 2013, https://doi.org/10.5851/kosfa.2013.33.5.672