Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity

The Korean Society of Systematic Zoology (한국동물분류학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Redescription of Two Marine Ciliates (Ciliophora: Urostylida: Pseudokeronopsidae), Pseudokeronopsis carnea and Uroleptopsis citrina, from Korea

  • Baek, Ye-Seul (Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University) ;
  • Jung, Jae-Ho (Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University) ;
  • Min, Gi-Sik (Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University)
  • Received : 2011.09.16
  • Accepted : 2011.11.16
  • Published : 2011.11.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The morphology of the two marine urostyloid ciliates, Pseudokeronopsis carnea (Cohn, 1866) and Uroleptopsis citrina Kahl, 1932, in the family Pseudokeronopsidae, collected from the Yellow Sea, and the East Sea, Korea, respectively, were studied using live observation and protargol impregnation. Additionally, the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene was sequenced. These two species are firstly recorded in Korea. The main diagnostic key is as follows. Pseudokeronopsis carnea: body outline elongate-elliptical, brown-reddish or orange-red in colour in vivo; bicorona of 16-24 frontal cirri; one buccal and two frontoterminal cirri; 7-10 transverse cirri; 5-7 dorsal kineties; two types of cortical granules (one orange-red pigment, mainly grouped around cirri and dorsal bristles, arranged in typical rubra-pattern; the other, colourless and blood-cell-shaped, and densely distributed); contractile vacuole in the posterior half of the cell on the left side, usually in posterior 1/3-2/5. Uroleptopsis citrina: body outline elongate-elliptical, lemon-yellow in colour in vivo; two types of cortical granules (one yellow pigment; the other, blood-cell-shaped, densely distributed); bicorona of 12-18 frontal cirri; 2-3 frontoterminal cirri; two midventral rows comprising 26-35 cirri (consisting of anterior paired cirri, non-paired single cirri, and posterior paired cirri); three dorsal kineties. In addition, the SSU rRNA sequences of the two species were compared with public database of these species and consequently, showed high similarity.

Keywords

References

  1. Berger H, 2004. Uroleptopsis Kahl, 1932 (Ciliophora : Hypotricha): morphology and cell division of type species, redefinition, and phylogenetic relationships. Acta Protozoologica, 43:99-121.
  2. Berger H, 2006. Monograph of the Urostyloidea (Ciliophora, Hypotricha). Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 832-1001.
  3. Borror AC, 1972. Revision of the order Hypotrichida (Ciliophora, Protozoa). Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 19:1-23. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1972.tb03407.x
  4. Borror AC, Wicklow BJ, 1983. The suborder Urostylina Jankowski (Ciliophora, Hypotrichida): morphology, systematics and identification of species. Acta Protozoologica, 22:97-126.
  5. Cohn F, 1866. Neue Infusorien im Seeaquarium. Zeitschrift fur Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 16:253-302.
  6. Entz G, 1884. Uber Infusorien des Golfes von Neapel. Mitteilungen aus der Zoologischen Station zu Neapel, 5:359-364.
  7. Foissner W, 1991. Basic light and scanning electron microscopic methods for taxonomic studies of ciliated protozoa. European Journal of Protistology, 27:313-330. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0932-4739(11)80248-8
  8. Hall TA, 1999. BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acids Symposium Series, 41:95-98.
  9. Hu X, Song W, 2001. Morphological redescription and morphogenesis of the marine ciliate, Pseudokeronopsis rubra (Ciliophora: Hypotrichida). Acta Protozoologica, 40:107-115.
  10. Hu X, Warren A, Suzuki T, 2004. Morphology and morphogenesis of two marine ciliates, Pseudokeronopsis pararubra sp. n. and Amphisiella annulata from China and Japan (Protozoa: Ciliophora). Acta Protozoologica, 43:351-368.
  11. Jeanmougin F, Thompson JD, Gouy M, Higgins DG, Gibson TJ, 1998. Multiple sequence alignment with Clustal X. Trends in Biochemical Sciences, 23:403-405. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0968-0004(98)01285-7
  12. Jung JH, Baek YS, Min GS, 2011. New record of two Apokeronopsis species (Ciliophora: Urostylida: Pseudokeronopsidae) from Korea. Korean Journal of Systematic Zoology, 27:115-122. https://doi.org/10.5635/KJSZ.2011.27.2.115
  13. Kahl A, 1932. Urtiere oder Protozoa I: Wimpertiere oder Ciliata (Infusoria), 3. Spirotricha. Tierwelt Deutschlands, 25:399-650.
  14. Kahl A, 1933. Ciliata libera et ectocommensalia. Die Tierwelt der Nord- und Ostsee, 23:29-146.
  15. Kimura M, 1980. A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 16:111-120. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01731581
  16. Kudo R, 1950. Protozoology. Charles C Thomas Publisher, Springfield, IL, p. 672.
  17. Lynn D, 2008. The ciliated protozoa: characterization, classification, and guide to the literature. Springer, New York, pp. 1-605.
  18. Medlin L, Elwood HJ, Stickel S, Sogin ML, 1988. The characterization of enzymatically amplified eukaryotic 16S-like rRNA-coding regions. Gene, 71:491-499. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1119(88)90066-2
  19. Mihailowitsch B, Wilbert N, 1990. Bakuella salinarum nov. spec. und Pseudokeronopsis ignea nov. spec. (Ciliata, Hypotrichida) aus einem solebelasteten Fliessgewasser des ostlichen Munsterlandes, BRD. Archiv fur Protistenkunde, 138:207-219. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9365(11)80162-4
  20. Shi X, Xu R, 2003. Morphology and infraciliature of Pseudokeronopsis rubra in Jieshi waters of south China sea. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 22:23-30 (in Chinese with English summary).
  21. Song W, Sun P, Ji D, 2004. Redefinition of the yellow hypotrichous ciliate, Pseudokeronopsis flava (Hypotrichida: Ciliophora). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 84:1137-1142. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315404010574h
  22. Song W, Warren A, Roberts D, Wilbert N, Li L, Sun P, Hu X, Ma H, 2006. Comparison and redefinition of four marine, coloured Pseudokeronopsis spp. (Ciliophora: Hypotrichida), with emphasis on their living morphology. Acta Protozoologica, 45:271-287.
  23. Song W, Wilbert N, Warren A, 2002. New contribution to the morphology and taxonomy of four marine hypotrichous ciliates from Qingdao, China (Protozoa: Ciliophora). Acta Protozoologica, 41:145-162.
  24. Sonnenberg R, Nolte AW, Tautz D, 2007. An evaluation of LSU rDNA D1-D2 sequences for their use in species identification. Frontiers in Zoology, 4:6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-9994-4-6
  25. Tamura K, Dudley J, Nei M, Kumar S, 2007. MEGA4: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 24:1596-1599. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msm092
  26. Wirnsberger E, Larsen HF, Uhlig G, 1987. Rediagnoses of closely related pigmented marine species of the genus Pseudokeronopsis (Ciliophora, Hypotrichida). European Journal of Protistology, 23:76-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0932-4739(87)80010-X

Cited by

  1. New record of Apoholosticha sinica (Ciliophora, Urostylida) from the UK: morphology, 18S rRNA gene phylogeny and notes on morphogenesis vol.65, pp.8, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.000301