Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

The Korean Society of Occupational & Environmental Medicine (대한직업환경의학회)
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The Relationship between Occupational Stress and Burnout among Occupational Therapists

작업치료사의 직무 스트레스와 소진

  • Kim, Jin-Ju (Yonsei University Graduate School of Public Health) ;
  • Roh, Jae-Hoon (Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine) ;
  • Won, Jong-Uk (Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Sin-Young (Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine) ;
  • Chang, Sei-Jin (Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine)
  • 김진주 (연세대학교 보건대학원) ;
  • 노재훈 (연세대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실, 산업보건연구소) ;
  • 원종욱 (연세대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실, 산업보건연구소) ;
  • 이신영 (연세대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실, 산업보건연구소) ;
  • 장세진 (연세대학교 원주의과대학 예방의학교실, 직업 및 환경의학연구소)
  • Received : 2010.01.12
  • Accepted : 2010.07.13
  • Published : 2010.09.30
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Abstract

Objective: A growing body of research has documented that occupational stress is associated with workers' adverse health outcomes such as mental distress, depression and burnout. This study was performed to identify the relationship between occupational stress and burnout among occupational therapists in Korea. Methods: A total of 226 occupational therapists registered in the Korean Association of Occupational Therapist participated in the study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess demographics, subjective health status, work-related factors, occupational stress and burnout. Burnout was measured by Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Occupational stressors were assessed using 26-items of the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS-26$^{(R)}$). This scale consists of items targeting at physical environment, job demand, insufficient job control, interpersonal conflict, job insecurity, lack of reward, organizational system and occupational climate. Simple and multiple regression analyses were performed to investigate the relationship between 8 occupational stressors and burnout, separately. SAS 9.1 version was used for the analyses, and a P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The results show that all occupational stressors were associated with burnout after adjustment for control variables. Occupational stressors accounted for from 14.39%(p<0.001, organizational system) to 33.21%(p<0.001, occupational climate) of the variance in burnout. Conclusion: These results suggest that occupational stress might play a significant role in increasing the risk of burnout among occupational therapists.

목적: 작업치료사들을 대상으로 일반적 특성, 건강 관련 행위 특성, 직업 특성, 직무 스트레스와 소진과의 관련성을 파악하여 소진에 영향을 미치는 관련 요인을 구명하기 위해 수행되었다. 방법: 작업치료사 총 226명을 대상으로 일반적 특성, 건강 관련 행위 특성, 직업 특성, 직무 스트레스, 소진을 포함한 총 73문항의 설문지를 이용하여 자료를 수집하였다. 직무 스트레스 척도는 장세진이 개발한 한국인 직무 스트레스 단축형 26문항(KOSS-26$^{(R)}$)을 사용하였고, 소진 척도는 Maslach Burnout Inventory를 최혜영이 번안한 척도를 사용하였다. SAS 9.1 version으로 분석하였고, 직무 스트레스와 소진과의 관련성을 알아보기 위해 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결과: 직무 스트레스 하부 요인과 소진 간의 관련성을 분석한 결과, 물리환경, 직무 요구도, 직무자율성 결여, 관계갈등, 직무불안정, 보상 부적절, 조직체계, 직장문화 요인의 스트레스가 높을수록 전체 소진 점수가 유의하게 증가하였다. 소진에 대한 총 변량 중 각 독립변수들의 설명력의 범위는 조직체계(R$^2$=0.1439)에서 직장문화(R$^2$=0.3321)로 소진에 관여하는 직무 스트레스 요인 중 직장문화에 관한 스트레스가 상대적으로 많은 영향을 주었고 조직체계에 갈등 스트레스가 가장 낮았다. 결론: 작업치료사의 소진은 일반적 특성과 직업특성, 직무 스트레스 요인이 관여하는데 직무 스트레스가 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서 작업치료사의 소진을 줄이기 위한 다양한 회사 차원의 직무 스트레스 관리 방안의 개발 및 활용이 중요하다고 할 수 있다.

Keywords

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