당뇨병 환자에서의 결핵: 고혈압 환자와의 비교

Incidence of tuberculosis in Korean diabetics: Comparison with that in non-diabetic hypertensive subjects

  • 박은경 (을지대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 배준호 (을지대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 정유민 (을지대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 정숙희 (을지대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 이재형 (을지대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 김상훈 (을지대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 이병훈 (을지대학교 의과대학 내과학교실)
  • Park, Eun-Kyoung (Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine) ;
  • Bae, June-Ho (Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine) ;
  • Jung, Yu-Min (Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine) ;
  • Chung, Sook-Hee (Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Jae-Hyung (Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Sang-Hoon (Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Byoung-Hoon (Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine)
  • 투고 : 2010.08.02
  • 심사 : 2010.10.04
  • 발행 : 2010.12.01

초록

목적: 우리나라에서 결핵의 발생률은 증가추세이며 여전히 주된 사인을 차지하고 있다. 당뇨병은 결핵의 위험인자로 알려져 있으며 우리나라에서도 고령화 사회가 진행됨에 따라 발생률이 급증하고 있는 추세이다. 이러한 당뇨병이 결핵에 미치는 영향은 인종과 지역에 따라 다른 것으로 알려져 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 우리나라에서 당뇨병이 결핵의 발생률에 미치는 영향을 평가해보고자 하였다. 방법: 본 연구는 후향적 코호트 연구로 당뇨병군과 대조군으로는 비당뇨병 고혈압군을 선정하여 6년간 결핵 발생률을 조사하였다. 당뇨병군은 2004년 1월부터 2004년 4월까지 본원 당뇨센터를 방문하여 경구 혈당강하제 또는 인슐린을 처방 받은 자로 하였고, 비당뇨병 고혈압군은 동일 기간 본원 순환기내과에서 고혈압으로 약물을 처방 받아 추적관찰중인 자를 대상으로 하였다. 대상자 중 만성신부전 상태이거나, 악성종양을 진단 받은 자, HIV 양성자는 제외하였다. 본 연구에서는 해당군의 연간 결핵 발생률과 당뇨병군에서의 상대위험도 및 각 군의 무결핵 생존율을 비교하였다. 결과: 당뇨병군에서는(n=2491, 평균연령 $59.1{\pm}11.8$, 남성비율 44.5%) 총 32명에서 결핵이 발생하였고, 고혈압군에서는 (n=$1885{\pm}12.8$, 평균연령 $59.9{\pm}12.8$, 남성비율 41.6%) 총 10명에서 결핵이 발생하였다. 당뇨병군에서의 연간 결핵 발생률은 십만 명당 282.8명이었으며 고혈압군은 112.9명이었다. 당뇨병군은 고혈압군에 비해 2.220 (p=0.028, 95% CI 1.090~4.523)의 상대위험도를 보였다. 그러나 무결핵 생존율에서 두 군의 통계학적인 차이는 없었다(p=0.075). 결론: 우리나라 당뇨병 환자는 비당뇨병 고혈압 환자에 비해 높은 결핵 발생률을 보인다.

Background/Aims: Tuberculosis remains a major cause of mortality in South Korea, and the prevalence of diabetes is also increasing rapidly. Diabetes is a well known risk factor for tuberculosis. However, the risk varies according to race and regional prevalence. We assessed the potential impact of diabetes as a risk factor for tuberculosis in South Korea. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study in a secondary referral hospital. The incidence of tuberculosis in a diabetic cohort was compared with that in a non-diabetic hypertensive cohort for 6 years. Diabetics who visited our diabetic clinic and non-diabetic hypertensive patients who visited our cardiology clinic from Jan 2004 to April 2004 were assigned to the diabetic cohort and the non-diabetic hypertensive cohort, respectively. Patients in each cohort had to receive medications to control their diseases. Patients with end-stage renal disease, malignancy, or HIV infection were excluded. Relative risk and tuberculosis-free survival rates of each cohort were calculated. Results: The incidences of tuberculosis were 32 in the diabetic cohort (n=2491; mean age, $59.1{\pm}11.8$ years; 44.5% male) and ten in the non-diabetic hypertensive cohort (n=1885; mean age, $59.9{\pm}12.8$ years; 41.6% male). The estimated annual incidences per 100,000 persons were 282.8 and 112.9, respectively. The relative risk was 2.220 (p=0.028; 95% confidence interval, 1.090~4.523). However, no significant difference in cumulative tuberculosis-free survival rate was observed between the cohorts (p=0.075). Conclusions: A trend for a higher incidence of tuberculosis existed in diabetics, as compared to non-diabetic hypertensive patients, among a Korean population.

키워드

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