DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Study of the re-osseointegration of implant fixture after mechanical unscrewing

임플란트 고정체의 의원성 동요 후 골 유착 반응에 관한 연구

  • Jang, Ji-Hoon (Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Cho, Jin-Hyun (Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Cheong-Hee (Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University)
  • 장지훈 (경북대학교 치의학전문대학원 치과보철학교실) ;
  • 조진현 (경북대학교 치의학전문대학원 치과보철학교실) ;
  • 이청희 (경북대학교 치의학전문대학원 치과보철학교실)
  • Received : 2010.06.30
  • Accepted : 2010.07.09
  • Published : 2010.07.30

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the re-osseointegration of the implants that had mechanical unscrewing possibly occurred or not. Furthermore, if it happened, the degree of re-osseointegration was evaluated by comparing with previous osseointegration. Materials and methods: The smooth implant (commercial pure titanium 99%) specimens, whose diameter and length was 3.75 mm, 4 mm, respectively were produced. Two implants were inserted into each tibia of 7 New Zealand female white rabbits weighing at least 3.0 kg. The torque removal force for each implant after 6 weeks of implants placement was measured and included in group I. The torque removal forces were assessed after the fixtures were re-screwed to original position and the subjects were allowed to have 4 more weeks for healing and included in group II. One rabbit was sacrificed after first measurement and produced 4 slide specimens in group I, and two rabbits were sacrificed after 2nd measurement, 7 slide specimens, in group II for histomorphologic investigations. All slide specimens were assessed based on the proportion of BIC (bone-implant contact) as well as CBa (Bone area in the cortical passage) value produced by counting the screw threads embedded in the compact bones under the optical microscopic analysis (${\times}20$). Statistical analysis was conducted to evaluate the torque removal force, BIC and CBa between group I and II. Results: As for the torque removal force, the result was $10.8{\pm}3.6$ Ncm for group I and $20.2{\pm}9.7$ Ncm for group II. Furthermore, the torque removal force of group II increased by 98.1% in average compared to group I (P<.05). On the other hand, histomorphologic analysis displayed that there was no statistical significance in BIC and CBa values between group I and the group II (P>.05), and RT/BIC and RT/CBa between group I and group II were statistically significant (P<.05). Conclusion: It is possible to obtain more substantial re-osseointegration within shorter periods than the period needed for the initial osseointegration in case of iatrogenically unscrewed implants.

연구 목적: 본 연구의 목적은 골 유착된 임플란트에 인위적 비틀림을 가한 후 골 유착이 다시 일어나는지, 혹은 일어나지 않는지, 일어난다면 이전의 골유착보다 강화되는지, 약화되는지에 대해 알아보기 위함이다. 연구 재료 및 방법:상업적으로 순수한 티타늄 (commercial pure titanium 99%)으로 직경 3.75 mm, 길이 4 mm의 표면처리 없는 실험용 임플란트를 제작하였다. 3.0 kg이상의 뉴질랜드산 흰색 암컷 토끼 7마리의 좌우 경골에 제작한 임플란트를 2개씩 식립 후, 6주의 골유착 유도 기간 부여 후 비틀림 제거력을 측정한 경우를 I군으로, 다시 임플란트 고정체를 재위치시키고 봉합하여 4주간의 치유기간을 더 두고 측정한 경우를 II군으로 분류하였다. 광학현미경을 이용한 조직 형태학적 분석을 위하여, 1차 비틀림 제거력 측정 직후 1마리의 토끼를 희생시키고, 2차 비틀림 제거력 측정 직후 2마리의 토끼를 희생시켜 각각 4개, 7개의 시편을 제작하여, 광학현미경 (${\times}20$) 분석에서 골-임플란트 접촉 (Bone-Implant contact, BIC, %)비율과 치밀골 부위에 위치하는 임플란트의 나사산 수를 측정하여 CBa (Bone area in the cortical passage)비율을 측정하였다. 비틀림 제거력과 BIC및 CBa비율에서의 I군과 II군의 통계적 유의성 ($\alpha$=.05)을 평가하였다. 결과: 비틀림 제거력 측정에서 I군은 $10.8{\pm}3.6$ NCm로 측정되었으며, II군은 $20.2{\pm}9.7$ NCm로 측정되었으며, I군보다II군의 비틀림 제거력이 평균 98.1% 증가되었다 (P<.05). 조직 형태학적 분석에서 BIC와 CBa 비율은 I군과 II군 사이에 통계적 유의성을 나타내지 않았고 (P>.05), RT/BIC와 RT/CBa 값은 I군과 II군 사이에 통계적 유의성을 나타냈다 (P<.05). 결론: 임플란트 고정체에 의원성 비틀림 동요가 발생한 경우에 초기 골유착을 얻기 위해 필요로 했던 치유기간보다 짧은 기간 내에 이전보다 견고한 골유착을 얻을 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Branemark PI, Hansson BO, Adell R, Breine U, Lindstrom J, Halle′n O, Ohman A. Osseointegrated implants in the treatment of the edentulous jaw. Experience from a 10-year period. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Suppl 1977;16:1-132.
  2. Ivanoff CJ, Sennerby L, Lekholm U. Reintegration of mobilized titanium implants. An experimental study in rabbit tibia. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1997;26:310-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0901-5027(97)80878-8
  3. Sennerby L, Thomsen P, Ericson LE. A morphometric and biomechanic comparison of titanium implants inserted in rabbit cortical and cancellous bone. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1992;7:62-71.
  4. Nobel Esthetics TM. Procedures and Products. Nobel Biocare Services, Sweden, 2009, p.103.
  5. Proshtetic procedure for US implant system. Osstem, Korea, 2004, p. 85.
  6. Roberts WE, Smith RK, Zilberman Y, Mozsary PG, Smith RS. Osseous adaptation to continuous loading of rigid endosseous implants. Am J Orthod 1984;86:95-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9416(84)90301-4
  7. Sennerby L, Thomsen P, Ericson LE. Early tissue response to titanium implants inserted in rabbit cortical bone. Part 1: Light microscopic observations. J Mater Sci Mater Med 1993;4:240-50. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00122275
  8. Barzilay I, Graser GN, Iranpour B, Natiella JR, Proskin HM. Immediate implantation of pure titanium implants into extraction sockets of Macaca fascicularis. Part II: Histologic observations. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1996;11:489-97.
  9. Paolantonio M, Dolci M, Scarano A, d Archivio D, di Placido G, Tumini V, Piattelli A. Immediate implantation in fresh extraction sockets. A controlled clinical and histological study in man. J Periodontol 2001;72:1560-71. https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2001.72.11.1560

Cited by

  1. The influence of intentional mobilization of implant fixtures before osseointegration vol.50, pp.3, 2012, https://doi.org/10.4047/jkap.2012.50.3.149
  2. The influence of iatrogenic mobilization in the initial stage of implant installation on final osteointegration vol.52, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.4047/jkap.2014.52.2.105
  3. 임플란트 고정체의 인위적 비틀림 후 시간 경과에 따른 골재유착 반응에 관한 연구 vol.48, pp.4, 2010, https://doi.org/10.4047/jkap.2010.48.4.308
  4. An investigation of reosseointegration according to time course after mechanical loosening of the osseointegrated implant fixtures vol.31, pp.3, 2010, https://doi.org/10.14368/jdras.2015.31.3.203