References
- Anderson, J., et al., 2009, Mixed Populations in Globular Clusters: Et Tu, 47 Tuc?, ApJ, 697, L58 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/697/1/L58
-
Bedin, L. R., Piotto, G., Anderson, J., Cassisi, S., King, I. R., Momany, Y., & Carraro, G., 2004,
${\omega} $ Centauri: The Population Puzzle Goes Deeper, ApJ, 605, L125 https://doi.org/10.1086/420847 -
Bekki, K. & Freeman, K., 2003, Formation of
${\omega}$ Centauri from an Ancient Nucleated Dwarf Galaxy in the Young Galactic Disc, MNRAS, 346, L11 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2966.2003.07275.x - Bekki, K. & Mackey, A. D., 2009, On the Origin of Double Main-Sequence Turn-Offs in Star Clusters of the Magellanic Clouds , MNRAS, 394, 124 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.14320.x
-
Bekki, K. & Norris, J. E., 2006, The Origin of the Double Main Sequence in
${\omega}$ Centauri: Helium Enrichment due to Gas Fueling from Its Ancient Host Galaxy?, ApJ, 637, L109 https://doi.org/10.1086/500413 - Bekki, K., et al., 2008, The Origin of Globular Cluster Systems from Cosmological Simulations, MNRAS, 387, 1131 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13318.x
- Bellazzini, M., et al., 2008, The Nucleus of the Sagittarius Dsph Galaxy and M54: a Window on the Process of Galaxy Nucleation, AJ, 136, 1147 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/136/3/1147
-
Bellini, A., et al., 2009, Radial Distribution of the Multiple Stellar Populations in
${\omega}$ Centauri, A&A, 507, 1393 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/200912757 -
Bellini, A., et al., 2010, New Hubble Space Telescope WFC3/UVIS Observations Augment the Stellar-Population Complexity of
${\omega}$ Centauri, AJ, 140, 631 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/140/2/631 - Cannon, R. D. & Stobie, R. S., 1973, Photometry of Southern Globular Clusters I. Bright Stars in Omega Centauri, MNRAS, 162, 207 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/162.3.207
- Carretta, E., Bragaglia, A., Gratton, R. G., Leone, F., Recio-Blanco, A., & Lucatello, S., 2006, Na-O Anticorrelation and HB. I. The Na-O Anticorrelation in NGC 2808, A&A, 450, 523 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20054369
- Carretta, E., et al., 2007, The Link between Chemical Anomalies along the Red Giant Branch and the Horizontal Branch Extension in Globular Clusters, ApJ, 671, L125 https://doi.org/10.1086/525021
- Carretta, E., et al., 2009, Na-O Anticorrelation and HB. VII. The Chemical Composition of First and Second-Generation Stars in 15 Globular Clusters from Giraffe Spectra, A&A, 505, 117 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/200912096
- Carretta, E., et al., 2010a, Detailed Abundances of a Large Sample of Giant Stars in M54 and in the Sagittarius Nucleus, arXiv:1006.5866
-
Carretta, E., et al., 2010b, M54 + Sagittarius =
${\omega}$ Centauri, ApJ, 714, L7 https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/714/1/L7 - Carretta, E., et al., 2010c, Abundances for a Large Sample of Red Giants in NGC 1851: Hints for a Merger of Two Clusters?, arXiv:1007.5301
- Carretta, E., et al., 2010d, Calcium and Light-Elements Abundance Variations from High-Resolution Spectroscopy in Globular Clusters, ApJ, 712, 21 https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/712/1/L21
- Carretta, E., et al., 2010e, Properties of Stellar Generations in Globular Clusters and Relations with Global Parameters, A&A, 516, 55 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/200913451
- Charbonnel, C., et al., 1998, Mixing Processes During the Evolution of Red Giants with Moderate Metal Deficiencies: The Role of Molecular-Weight Barriers, A&A, 332, 204
- Cassisi, S., Salaris, M., Pietrinferni, A., Piotto, G., Milone, A. P., Bedin, L. R., & Anderson, J., 2008, The Double Subgiant Branch of NGC 1851: The Role of the CNO Abundance, ApJ, 672, L115 https://doi.org/10.1086/527035
- Cohen, J. G., Briley, M. M., & Stetson, P. B., 2002, Carbon and Nitrogen Abundances in Stars at the Base of the Red Giant Branch in M5, AJ, 123, 2525 https://doi.org/10.1086/340179
- D’Antona, F. & Caloi, V., 2004, The Early Evolution of Globular Clusters: The Case of NGC 2808, ApJ, 611, 871 https://doi.org/10.1086/422334
- D’Antona, F., Bellazzini, M., Caloi, V., Pecci, F. Fusi, Galleti, S., & Rood, R. T., 2005, A Helium Spread among the Main-Sequence Stars in NGC 2808, ApJ, 631, 868 https://doi.org/10.1086/431968
- Decressin, T., Meynet, G., Charbonnel, C., Prantzos, N., & Ekstrm, S., 2007, Fast Rotating Massive Stars and the Origin of the Abundance Patterns in Galactic Globular Clusters, A&A, 464, 1029 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20066013
- D’Ercole, A., et al., 2010, Abundance Patterns of Multiple Populations in Globular Clusters: A Chemical Evolution Model Based on Yields from AGB Ejecta, MNRAS, mnras.tmp.990
- Di Criscienzo, M., et al., 2010, The Helium Spread in the Globular Cluster 47 Tuc, MNRAS, mnras. tmp.11650
- D’Orazi, et al., 2010, Lithium and Proton-Capture Elements in Globular Cluster Dwarfs: The Case of 47 Tuc, ApJ, 713, L1 https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/713/1/L1
- Glatt, K., et al., 2008, Age Determination of Six Intermediate-Age Small Magellanic Cloud Star Clusters with HST/ACS, AJ, 136, 1703 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/136/4/1703
- Gratton, R., et al., 2001, The O-Na and Mg-Al Anticorrelations in Turn-Off and early Subgiants in Globular Clusters, A&A, 369, 87 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20010144
- Gratton, R., Sneden, C., & Carretta, E., 2004, Abundance Variations within Globular Clusters, ARA&A, 42, 385 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.astro.42.053102.133945
- Han, S. -I., et al., 2009, The Presence of Two Distinct Red Giant Branches in the Globular Cluster NGC 1851, ApJ, 707, 190 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/707/2/L190
- Kroupa, P., 2007, Star-Cluster Formation and Evolution, IAUS, 237, 230
-
Lee, Y. W., et al., 1999, Multiple Stellar Populations in the Globular Cluster
${\omega}$ Centauri as Tracers of a Merger Event, Nature, 402, 55 https://doi.org/10.1038/46985 - Lee, J. W., et al., 2009, Enrichment by Supernovae in Globular Clusters with Multiple Populations, Nature, 462, 480 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08565
- Mackey, A. D. & Broby Nielsen, P., 2007, A Double Main-Sequence Turn-Off in the Rich Star Cluster NGC 1846 in the Large Magellanic Cloud, MNRAS, 379, 151 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.11915.x
- Mackey, A. D., et al., 2008, Multiple Stellar Populations in Three Rich Large Magellanic Cloud Star Clusters, ApJ, 681, L17 https://doi.org/10.1086/590343
- Marino, F., et al., 2008, Spectroscopic and Photometric Evidence of Two Stellar Populations in the Galactic Globular Cluster NGC 6121 (M4), A&A, 490, 625 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:200810389
- Marino, F., et al., 2009, A Double Stellar Generation in the Globular Cluster NGC 6656 (M22). Two Stellar Groups with Different Iron and s-Process Element Abundances, A&A, 505, 1099 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/200911827
- Milone, A. P., et al., 2008, The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. III. The Double Subgiant Branch of NGC 1851, ApJ, 673, 241 https://doi.org/10.1086/524188
- Milone, A. P., et al., 2009a, The Radial Distribution of the Two Stellar Populations in NGC 1851, A&A, 503, 755 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/200912256
- Milone, A. P., et al., 2009b, Multiple Stellar Populations in Magellanic Cloud Clusters. I. An Ordinary Feature for Intermediate Age Globulars in the LMC?, A&A, 497, 755 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/200810870
- Milone, A. P., et al., 2010, Multiple Stellar Populations in the Galactic Globular Cluster NGC 6752, ApJ, 709, 1183
- Moriya, T. & Shigeyama, T., 2010, Multiple Main Sequence of Globular Clusters as a Result of Inhomogeneous Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, PhRvD, 81, 3004
-
Pancino, E., et al., 2000, New Evidence for the Complex Structure of the Red Giant Branch in
${\omega}$ Centauri, ApJ, 534, L83 https://doi.org/10.1086/312658 -
Piotto, G., et al., 2005, Metallicities on the Double Main Sequence of
${\omega}$ Centauri Imply Large Helium Enhancement, ApJ, 621, 777 https://doi.org/10.1086/427796 - Piotto, G., et al., 2007, A Triple Main Sequence in the Globular Cluster NGC 2808, ApJ, 661, L53 https://doi.org/10.1086/518503
- Piotto, G., 2009, Observations of Multiple Populations in Star Clusters, IAUS, 258, 233
- Prantzos, N. & Charbonnel, C., 2006, On the Self-Enrichment Scenario of Galactic Globular Clusters: Constraints on the IMF, A&A, 458, 135 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20065374
- Renzini, A., 2008, Origin of Multiple Stellar Populations in Globular Clusters and Their Helium Enrichment, MNRAS, 391, 354 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13892.x
-
Romano, D., et al., 2010, On the Origin of the Helium-Rich Population in
${\omega}$ Centauri, MNRAS, 401, 2490 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15839.x - Sandage, A. & Wildey, R., 1967, The Anomalous Color-Magnitude Diagram of the Remote Globular Cluster NGC 7006, ApJ, 150, 469 https://doi.org/10.1086/149350
- Vallenari, A., Aparicio, A., Fagotto, F., Chiosi, C., Ortolani, S., & Meylan, G., 1994, Active Star Formation Regions at the Edge of the LMC Bar: NGC 1850 and NGC 1858, A&A, 284, 447
- Ventura, P., D’Antona, F., Mazzitelli, I., & Gratton, R., 2001, Predictions for Self-Pollution in Globular Cluster Stars, ApJ, 550, L65 https://doi.org/10.1086/319496
- Ventura, P., et al., 2009, The C+N+O Abundances and the Splitting of the Subgiant Branch in the Globular Cluster NGC 1851, MNRAS, 399, 934 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15335.x
- Villanova, S., et al., 2009, The Helium Content of Globular Clusters: Light Element Abundance Correlations and HB Morphology. I. NGC 6752, A&A, 499, 755 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/200811493
- Villanova, S., Geisler, D., & Piotto, G., 2010, ApJL, submitted
- Vinko, J., et al., 2009, The Young, Massive, Star Cluster Sandage-96 after the Explosion of Supernova 2004dj in NGC 2403, ApJ, 695, 619 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/695/1/619
- Yi, S. K., 2009, Multiple Population Theory: The Extreme Helium Population Problem, IAUS, 258, 253
- Yong, D., et al., 2009, A Large C+N+O Abundance Spread in Giant Stars of the Globular Cluster NGC 1851, ApJ, 695, L62 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/695/1/L62
Cited by
- Multiple Stellar Populations: the evolutionary framework vol.10, pp.H16, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1743921314005614
- Theoretical evolutionary framework for low-mass stars in massive star clusters vol.12, pp.S316, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1743921315008881
- Multipopulation aftereffects on the color–magnitude diagram and Cepheid variables of young stellar systems vol.561, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201322802