Journal of Chest Surgery

The Korean Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (대한심장혈관흉부외과학회)
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Analysis of Risk Factors and Effect of Vancomycin for Sternal Infection after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft

관상동맥우회술 후 흉골감염의 위험인자분석 및 반코마이신의 효과

  • Baek, Jong-Hyun (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Jung, Tae-Eun (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Lee, Dong-Hyup (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Lee, Jang-Hoon (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Kim, Jung-Hee (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University)
  • 백종현 (영남대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 정태은 (영남대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 이동협 (영남대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 이장훈 (영남대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 김정희 (영남대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실)
  • Received : 2010.03.10
  • Accepted : 2010.04.21
  • Published : 2010.08.05
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Abstract

Background: Sternal wound infection (SWI) is an important complication after cardiac surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictors affecting sternal wound infection and preventive factors including short term Vancomycin therapy in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Material and Method: A retrospective study was done using data collected from January 2001 through December 2007. This included 219 patients who had isolated CABG. The definition of SWI was documentation from a microbiological study and a requirement for simple closure or other surgical revision. Result: The overall incidence of SWI was 7.8% (n=17). The causative organisms were methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, n=13), methicillin resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (n=2), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=1), and Candida albicans (n=1). Ten cases had deep sternal wound infection with mediastinitis; 7 cases had a superficial wound infection. Infection-related mortality was low (1/17; 6%). Diabetes mellitus (p=0.006) and smoking history (p=0.020) were factors that predicted high risk. Short term use of vancomycin decreased the incidence of MRSA-associated SWI (p=0.009). For treatment, curettage and rewiring or flap were needed in most cases (88%, n=14). Conclusion: Patients who had diabetes mellitus and a smoking history need careful management. Short term use of vancomycin is effective for prevention of SWI with MRSA.

배경: 심장수술 후 흉골창상감염은 중요한 합병증의 하나다. 이 연구의 목적은 관상동맥우회술 후 흉골창상감염의 빈도와 연관된 인자들을 분석하고 이러한 합병증이 발생한 환자들의 술 후 결과를 조사하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2001년부터 2007년까지 영남대학교의료원 흉부외과에서 단순 관상동맥우회술을 시행한 환자 219명을 대상으로 후향적으로 조사를 하였다. 흉골감염환자의 정의는 상처에서 균이 동정이 되고 치료를 위해 단순봉합 혹은 기타 외과적 처치가 필요한 경우로 하였다. 결과: 수술 후 전체 감염의 빈도는 7.8% (17명)이었다. 감염을 일으킨 균은 methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)가 13명으로 가장 많았으며 methicillin resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis가 2명, Pseudomonas aeruginosa가 1명, Candida albicans가 1명에서 동정되었다. 감염의 정도는 종격동염을 동반한 심부흉골감염이 10명이었고 표재성 외과적 창상감염이 7명이었으며 창상감염으로 인한 사망은 1명이 있었다. 수술 후 흉골감염에 영향을 미치는 위험 요소로는 당뇨병력(p=0.006)과 흡연력(p=0.020)이 유의한 인자로 분석되었다. 그리고 예방적 항생제로 vancomycin의 단기간 사용은 흉골감염을 예방할 수 있는 방법으로 분석되었으며(p=0.009) vancomycin 사용 이후 MRSA에 의한 감염은 없었다. 감염된 환자의 치료로 단순봉합뿐만 아니라 광범위 소파술과 흉골 재봉합 혹은 다른 조직을 이용한 피판술이 필요하였다. 결론: 흉골감염을 방지하기 위해 당뇨가 있거나 흡연력이 있는 환자는 특히 술 후 흉골창상 감염을 주의 해야 하며 예방적 항생제로서 vancomycin을 단기간 사용하는 것은 MRSA에 의한 감염을 줄이는데 매우 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

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