어머니의 정서표현 수용태도, 유아의 정서지능 및 문제행동간의 관계

The Relationship between Maternal Attitudes toward Children's Expressiveness, Children's Emotional Intelligence and Problem Behaviors

  • 조수정 (이화여자대학교 아동학과) ;
  • 도현심 (이화여자대학교 아동학과) ;
  • 김상원 (이화여자대학교 아동학과)
  • Cho, Soo-Jung (Department of Child Development, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Doh, Hyun-Sim (Department of Child Development, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Kim, Sang-Won (Department of Child Development, Ewha Womans University)
  • 투고 : 2010.09.01
  • 심사 : 2010.11.05
  • 발행 : 2010.12.31

초록

This study examined the relationship between maternal attitudes toward children's expressiveness, children's emotional intelligence and problem behaviors. The question as to whether emotional intelligence mediated the relationship between maternal attitudes and problem behaviors was also explored. A sample of 307 preschool children were used as subjects. Mothers rated their levels of acceptance toward their children's emotions, while teachers reported on the children's emotional abilities and behavioral problems. The data were analyzed by means of regression analyses. Our results indicated that mothers' controlling attitudes were associated with low levels of worry-anxiety. Additionally, it was found that children with high emotional intelligence showed low levels of worry-anxiety, hostility-aggression, and hyperactivity-inattention. While multiple factors of emotional intelligence had differential impacts, the self-control factor was the most powerful predictor for all the problem behaviors. It was further found that a mother's receptive attitude was related to higher levels of self-awareness in children. Instead of the significant mediating effect of emotional intelligence, it was revealed that emotional intelligence had greater effects upon problem behaviors than maternal attitudes toward children's expressiveness.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. 강지현.오경자(2010). 유아기 외현화 문제행동의 하위 발달경로에 미치는 기질의 효과 : 잠재성장 혼합모형 분석을 적용한 단기종단연구. 한국심리학회지, 29(3), 875-894.
  2. 김경희.김경회(1999). 유아 정서지능의 구인 타당화연구. 한국심리학회지, 12(1), 25-38.
  3. 김문신.김광웅(2003). 어머니의 정서표현과 정성표현 수용태도가 아동의 자기조절 능력에 미치는 영향. 한국놀이치료학회지, 6(1), 3-13.
  4. 김수영.정정희(2003). 유아의 또래수용도, 정서지능, 적응행동과의 관계. 한국영유아보육학회지, 26, 239-257.
  5. 김순정(2001). 어머니의 정서 표현 수용 태도와 유아의 정서적 부적응 및 친사회적 행동과의 관계. 중앙대학교 대학원 석사학위 청구논문.
  6. 김연.한태숙.황혜정(2004). 유아의 정서지능.인지능력.기질과 문제행동의 관계성 및 영향력에 관한 연구. 유아교육연구, 24(6), 277-298.
  7. 김은경.도현심.김민정.박보경(2007). 자녀의 정서표현에 대한 부모의 태도, 남녀 아동의 정서조절 능력 및 사회적 능력간의 관계. 아동학회지, 28(3), 115-131.
  8. 김지윤(2006). 유아의 기질 및 부부갈등과 유아의 정서조절 능력이 유아의 문제행동에 미치는 영향. 이화여자대학교 대학원 석사학위 청구논문.
  9. 김호정(2002). 어머니의 정서표현성과 아동의 자기조절능력이 문제행동에 미치는 영향. 이화여자대학교 대학원 석사학위 청구논문.
  10. 서향희(2002). DAP 유아교사 신념이 유아의 감성지능에 미치는 영향. 성균관대학교 대학원 석사학위 청구논문.
  11. 송진숙(2004). 유아의 문제행동에 영향을 미치는 유아의 기질, 사회적 능력, 정서지능 및 부모의 양육태도. 한국영유아보육학회지, 35, 143-161.
  12. 송혜영(2007). 유아의 정서적.행동적 자기조절에 영향을 미치는 관련변인. 경북대학교 대학원 박사학위 청구논문.
  13. 염미애.문혁준(2007). 유아의 정서지능 및 어머니의 심리적 자세와 유아의 사회적 행동과의 관계. 대학가정학회지, 45(4), 61-75.
  14. 이병래(1997). 부모의 심리적 자세와 유아의 정서지능과의 관계. 중앙대학교 대학원 박사학위 청구논문.
  15. 이지현(2007). 어머니의 양육태도와 어머니의 정서지능 및 아동의 정서지능간의 관련성 연구. 고려대학교 교육대학원 석사학위 청구논문.
  16. 이찬숙(2008). 유아의 문제행동에 영향을 미치는 유아개인, 가정환경 및 지역사회 변인 분석. 성균관대학교 대학원 박사학위 청구논문.
  17. 임지연.이정숙(2009). 어머니의 정서표현 수용태도, 언어통제 유형에 따른 아동의 문제해동의 차이. 한국아동심리치료학회지, 4(2), 55-77.
  18. 조희숙.서수인(1998). 유아의 문제행동에 대한 교사 지각과 어머니 지각간의 관계 연구. 부산유아교육학회지, 8(1), 165-181.
  19. 하승희(2000). 아동의 정서지능과 자아존중감 및 정서적 부적응 행동과의 관계. 영남대학교 대학원 석사학위 청구논문.
  20. 한영민(2005). 부모의 정서표현 및 유아에 대한 정서표현 수용태도와 유아의 자기조절능력과의 관계. 이화여자대학교 대학원 석사학위 청구논문.
  21. 허애수(2003). 자녀의 정서표현에 대한 어머니의 태도 및 아동의 정서조절능력과 또래 유능성. 숙명여자대학교 대학원 석사학위 청구논문.
  22. 허태희(2008). 기질과 어머니 양육태도가 유아의 행동문제에 미치는 영향. 숙명여자대학교 대학원 석사학위 청구논문.
  23. 황혜정(1999). 아동의 정서지능 발달과 정서 행동 문제와의 관계에 대한 연구. 초등교육연구, 13(1), 67-84.
  24. 황혜정.윤명희.강성빈.성낙운.황혜신(2002). 유아용 문제행동 진단검사 개발 연구, 한국유아교육학회지, 22(1), 72-88.
  25. Achenbach, T. M., & Edelbrock, C. S. (1981). Behavral problems and competencies reported by parents of normal and disturbed children aged four through sixteen. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 46, 1-82.
  26. Albercht, T. L., Burleson, B. R., & Goldsmith, D. J. (1994). Supportive communication. In M. L. Knapp & G. R. Miller (Eds.), Handbook of interrsonal communication. 2nd ed. (pp. 419-449). Thousand Oaks. CA : Sage.
  27. Baron, R. M. & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderatorediator variables distinction in social psychology research : conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
  28. Baumrind, D. (1968). Manual for the preschool behavior Q sort. Berkeley : University of California, institute of Human Development.
  29. Behar, L., & Stringfield, S. (1974). A behavior rating scale for the preschool child. Developmental Psychology, 10, 601-610.
  30. Brenda, L., Carlo, E., & Denham, B. (2001). The relation among Mother's acceptance of emotional expression children's emotional maladjustment and prosocial behavior. Human Relations, 13, 38-9.
  31. Carnras, L. A. (1985). Socialization of affect commucation. In M. Lewis, & C. Saarni (Eds.), The socialization of emotions (pp. 141-160). New York : Plenum Press.
  32. Caspi, A., Lynam, D., Moffitt, T. E., & Silva, P. A. (1993). Unraveling girls' delinquency : Biological, dispositional, and contextual contributions to adoscent misbehavior. Developmental Psychology, 29, 19-30.
  33. Cole, P. M. (1986). Children's spontaneous control of facial expression. Child Development, 57, 1309-321. https://doi.org/10.2307/1130411
  34. Davies. P. T., & Cummings, E. M. (1994). Children and marital conflict : The impact of family dispute and resolution. New York : Guilford Press.
  35. Denham, S. A., Zoller, D. & Couchoud, E. (1994). Preschoolers' causal understanding of emotion and its socialization. Developmental Psychology, 30, 928-936.
  36. Dix, T. (1991). The affective organization of parenting : Adaptive and maladaptive processes. Psychological Bulletin, 110, 3-25.
  37. Dunn, J., & Brown, J. (1994). Affect expression in the family, children's understanding of emotions. and their interactions with others. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 40, 120-137.
  38. Dunn, J., Brown, J., & Beardsall, L. (1991). Family talk about emotions, and child's later understanding of others' emotions. Developmental Psychology, 27, 448-455.
  39. Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R. A., Carlo, G., & Karbon, M. (1992). Emotional responsivity to others : Behavral correlates and socialization antecedents. New Directions in Child Development, 55, 57-73.
  40. Eisenberg, N., & Mussen, P. H. (1989). The roots of prosocial behavior in children. New York : Cambridge University Press.
  41. Eisenberg, N., &. Miller, P. (1988). The relation of empathy to aggressive and externalizing/antisocial behavior. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 324-344.
  42. Garber, J., Braafladt, N., & Weiss, B. (1995). Affect regulation in depressed and nondepressed children and young adolescents. Development and Psychopathology, 7, 93-115. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579400006362
  43. Goleman, D. (1995). Emotion intelligence, New York : Bantam Books.
  44. Grolinick, W. S., Bridges, L. J., & Connell, J. P. (1996). Emotion regulation in two-year-olds : Strategies and emotional expression in four contexts. Child Development, 67, 928-941. https://doi.org/10.2307/1131871
  45. Gottman, J. M., Katz, L. F., & Hooven, C. (1997). Meta-emotion. Hillsdale, NJ : Erlbaum.
  46. Hughes, R. Jr., Tingle, B. A., & Sawin, D. B. (1981). Development of empathic understanding in children. Child Development, 52, 122-128. https://doi.org/10.2307/1129221
  47. Hyson, M. C. (1994). Emotional development of young children Building on emotion-centered curriculum. New York : Teacher's College, Columbia University.
  48. Kaban, B. T., White, B. L., & Attanucci, J. (1979). Origins of human competence, Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Lexington Books.
  49. Keiley, M. K., Lofthouse, N., Bates, J. E., Dodge, K. A., & Pettit, G. S. (2003). Differential risks of covarying and pure components in mother and teacher reports of externalizing and internalizing behavior across ages 5 to 14. Journal or Abnormal Child Psychology, 31, 267-283. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023277413027
  50. MacDonald, K., & Parke, R. D. (1984). Bridging the gap : Parent-child play interaction and peer interactive competence. Child Development, 55, 1265-1277. https://doi.org/10.2307/1129996
  51. Mathiesen, K. S., & Sanson, A. (2000). Dimensions of early childhood behavior problems : Stability and predictors of change from 18 to 30 months. Journal of Abnormal Child PsychoIogy, 28, 15-31. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005165916906
  52. Mischel, H. N., &. Mischel, W. (1983). The development of children's knowledge of self-control strategies. Child Development, 54, 603-619. https://doi.org/10.2307/1130047
  53. Mounton-Simien, P., McCain, A. P., & Kelley, M. L. (1997). The development of the toddler behavior screening inventory. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 25, 59-64. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025759408417
  54. Owens, E. B., & Shaw, D. S. (2003). Predicting growth curves of externalizing behavior across the preschool years. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 31, 575-590. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026254005632
  55. Pamela, W. G., & Badiyyah, W. (2001). The Relationship Between Children's Emotional Intelligence and Emotional & Behavioral Problems. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 11, 159-177.
  56. Parke, R. D. (1994). Progress, Paradigms, and unresolved problems : Recent advances in our understanding of children's emotions. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 40, 157-169.
  57. Putallaz, M. (1987). Maternal Behavior and Children's Sociometric Status. Child Development, 58, 324-340. https://doi.org/10.2307/1130510
  58. Roberts, W., & Strayer J. (1996). Empathy, emotional expressiveness, and prosocial behavior. Child Development, 67, 449-470. https://doi.org/10.2307/1131826
  59. Saami, C. (1989). Psychometric Properties of the Parental Attitude toward Children's Expressiveness Scale (PACES). Unpublished Manuscript, Sonoma State University.
  60. Saarni, C. (1997). Emotional competence and selfregulation in childhood. In P. Salovey & D. Sluyter (Eds.), Emotional development and emotional intelligence (pp. 35-66). New York : Basic Books.
  61. Saarni, C., Mumme, D. L., & Campos, J. J. (1998). Emotional development : Action, communication, and understanding. In W. Damon (series Ed.) & N. Eisenberg (Vol. Ed.), Handbook of child psychology : Social, emotional, and personality development Vol. 3 (5th ed., pp. 237-309). New York : Wiley.
  62. Sally, R. R., & Julie, A. H. (2002). Family expressiveness and parental emotion coaching : their role in children's emotion regulation and aggression. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 30, 657-667. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020819915881
  63. Salovey, P., & Mayer, J. D. (1990). Emotional intelligence. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9, 185-211.
  64. Salovey, P., & Mayer, J. D. (1997). What is emotional intelligence? In D. Salovey & D. J. Sluyter (Eds). Emotional developmental intelligence : Educational implications (pp. 3-34). New York : Basic Books.
  65. Shields, A., & Cicchetti, D. (1998). Reactive aggression among maltreated children : The contributions of attention and emotion dysregulation. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 27, 381-395. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15374424jccp2704_2
  66. Tomblin, J. B., Zhang, X., Buckwalter, P., & Catts, H. (2000). The association of reading disability, behavioral disorders, and language impairment among second-grade children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 41, 473-482. https://doi.org/10.1111/1469-7610.00632
  67. Wood, J. J., Cowan, P. A., & Baker B. L. (2002). Behavior problems and peer rejection in preschool boys and girls. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 163, 72-88. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221320209597969
  68. Zeman, J., & Shipman, K. (1996). Children's expression of negative affect : Reasons and methods. Developmental Psychology, 32, 842-849.