Korean Journal of Child Studies (아동학회지)

Korean Association of Child Studies (한국아동학회)
권호 표지

The Effects of Components of Social Information Processing and Emotional Factors on Preschoolers' Overt and Relational Aggression

사회정보처리 구성요소와 정서요인이 유아의 외현적 공격성과 관계적 공격성에 미치는 영향

  • 최인숙 (상명대학교 가족복지학과) ;
  • 이강이 (서울대학교 아동가족학과, 생활과학연구소)
  • Received : 2010.08.26
  • Accepted : 2010.11.11
  • Published : 2010.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The present study examines the sex differences in 5-year-old preschoolers' aggression according to the type of aggression (overt, relational) and the effect of components of social information processing (SIP : interpretation, goal clarification, response generation, response evaluation) and emotional factors (emotionality, emotional knowledge, emotion regulation) on their aggression. The subjects were 112 5-year-olds (56 boys, 56 girls) and their 11 teachers recruited from 9 day-care centers in Seoul and Kyung-Ki province. Each child's SIP and emotional knowledge were individually assessed with pictorial tasks and teachers reported on children's aggression, emotionality, and emotion regulation by questionnaires. Results indicated that there was a significant sex difference only in the preschoolers' overt aggression. Overtly aggressive response generation in SIP was the strongest predictor of preschoolers' overt aggression while anger of negative emotionality in emotional factors was the strongest predictor of preschoolers' relational aggression.

Keywords

References

  1. 곽금주(1998). 사회정보처리능력의 발달(II) : 취학전 아동기. 한국심리학회지 : 발달, 11, 1-11.
  2. 김지현(2006). 아동의 공격성에 영향을 미치는 개인 내적.외적 요인에 대한 구조방정식 모형검증. 연세대학교 박사학위 청구논문.
  3. 성미영(2006). 유아의 부정적 정서성에 따른 사회적 기술과 행동문제. 아동학회지, 27, 285-300.
  4. 이강이.성미영(2003). 유아의 정서지식과 대인간 문제 해결 전략 : 시설보호 유아와 일반 유아의 비교. 아동학회지, 24, 33-45.
  5. 한유진(2006). 상호작용 상황에서의 정서표현, 정서이해 및 정서조절 능력이 학령기 아동의 공격성 및 또래관계에 미치는 직, 간접적 영향. 한국가정관리학회지, 24, 1-15.
  6. Arsenio, W .F., Cooperman, S., & Lover, A. (2000). Affective predictors of preschool children's aggression and peer acceptance: Direct and indirect effects. Developmental Psychology, 36, 438-448.
  7. Berkowitz, L. (1989). Frustration-aggression hypothesis : Examination and reformulation. Psychology Bulletin, 106, 59-73.
  8. Bjorkqvist, K. (1994). Sex differences in physical, verbal, and indirect aggression : A review of recent research. Sex Roles, 30, 177- 184. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01420988
  9. Bonica, C., Yeshova, K., Arnold, D. H., Fisher, P. H., & ZleIja, A. (2003). Relational aggression and language development in preschoolers. Social Development, 12, 551-562. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9507.00248
  10. Coie, J. D., & Dodge, K. A. (1998). Aggression and antisocial behavior. In W. Damon (Series Ed.) & N. Eisenberg (Vol. Ed.), Handbook of child psychology : Vol. 3. Social, emotional, and personality development (5th ed., pp. 780-840). NY : Wiley.
  11. Cook, E. T., Greenberg, M. T., & Kusche, C. A. (1994). The relations between emotional understanding, intellectual functioning, and disruptive behavior problems in elementary school-aged children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 22, 205- 219. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02167900
  12. Coy, K., Speltz, M. L., DeKlyen, M., & Jones, K . (2001). Social-cognitive processes in preschool boys with and without oppositional defiant disorder. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 29, 107-119. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005279828676
  13. Crain, M. M., Finch, C. L., & Foster, S. L. (2005). The relevance of the social information processing model for understanding relational aggression in girls. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 51, 213-249. https://doi.org/10.1353/mpq.2005.0010
  14. Crick, N. R., Casas, J. F., & Mosher, M. (1997). Relational and overt aggression in preschool. Developmental Psychology, 29, 271-275.
  15. Crick, N. R., & Dodge, K. A. (1994). A review and reformulation of social information processing mechanism in children's social adjustment. Psychological Bulletin, 115, 74-101.
  16. Crick, N. R., & Dodge, K. A. (1996). Social information processing mechanisms in reactive and proactive aggression. Child Development, 67, 993- 1002 https://doi.org/10.2307/1131875
  17. Crick, N. R., Grotpeter, J. K., & Bigbee, M. A. (2002). Relationally and physically aggressive children's intent attributions and feelings of distress for relational and instrumental peer conflicts. Child Development, 73, 1134-1142. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00462
  18. Crick, N. R., Ostrov, J. M., & Werner, N. E. (2006). A longitudinal study of relational aggresstion, physical aggression, and children's social-psychological adjustment. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 34, 131 -142.
  19. Cummings, E. M., Iannotti, R. J., & Zahn-Waxler, C. (1989). Aggression between peers in early childhood : Individual continuity and developmental change. Child Development, 60, 887-895. https://doi.org/10.2307/1131030
  20. Denham, S., Blair, K., DeMulder, E., Levitas, J., Sawyer, K., Auerbach-Major, S., & Queenan, P. (2003). Preschool emotional competence : Pathway to social competence? Child Development, 74, 238- 256. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00533
  21. Denham, S., Caverly, S., Schmidt, M., Blair, K., DeMuldder, E., Caal, S., Hamada, H., & Mason, T. (2002). Preschool understanding of emotions : contributions to classroom anger and aggression. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 43, 901-916. https://doi.org/10.1111/1469-7610.00139
  22. Denham, S., McKinley, M., Couchoud E. A., & Holt, R. (1990). Emotional and behavioral predictors of preschool peer ratings. Child Development, 61, 1145-1152. https://doi.org/10.2307/1130882
  23. Dodge, K. A., Bates, J. E., & Pettit, G. S. (1990). Mechanisms in the cycle of violence. Science, 250, 1678-1683. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.2270481
  24. Dodge, K. A., & Coie, J. D. (1987). Social information processing factors in reactive and proactive aggression in children's peer groups. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 1146-1158.
  25. Dodge, K. A., Coie, J. D., & Lynam, D. (2006). Aggression and antisocial behavior in youth. In W. Damon (Series Ed.) & N. Eisenberg (Vol. Ed.), Handbook of child psychology : Vol. 3. Social, emotional, andpersonality development. NY: Wiley.
  26. Dodge, K. A., Laird, R. D., Lochman, J. E., Zelli, A., & Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group (2002). Multidimensional latent-construct analysis of children's social information processing patterns : Correlations with aggressive behavior problems. Psychological Assessment, 14, 60-73.
  27. Eisenberg, N., & Fabes, R. A. (1992). Emotion regulation and the development of social competence. In M.S. Clark (Ed.), Emotion and social behavior : Review of personality and social psychology (Vol. 14, pp. 119-150). Newbury Park, CA : Sage.
  28. Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R. A., Guthrie, I. K., Murphy, B. C., Maszk, P., & Holmgren, R. (1996). The relations of regulation and emotionality to problem behavior in elementary school children. Development and Psychopathology, 8, 141-162. https://doi.org/10.1017/S095457940000701X
  29. Eisenberg, N., Guthrie, I. K., Fabes, R., Reiser, M., Murphy, B. C., & Holgren, R. (1997). The relations of regulation and emotionality to resiliency and competent social functioning in elementary school children. Child Development, 68, 295-311.
  30. Gamer, P. W., & Lemerise, E. A. (2007). The roles of behavioral adjustment and conceptions of peers and emotions in preschool children's peer victim. ization. Development and Psychopathology, 19, 57-71.
  31. Gamer, P. W., Jones, D. C., & Miner, J. L. (1994). Social competence among low-income preschoolers : Emotion socialization practices and social cognitive correlates. Child Development, 65, 622-637. https://doi.org/10.2307/1131405
  32. Han, C. H., Nelson, D. A., Robinson, C. C., Olsen, S. F., & McNeilly-Choque, M. K. (1998). Overt and relational aggression in Russian nursery-school-age children : Parenting style and marital linkages. Developmental Psychology, 34, 687-697.
  33. Hubbard, J. A., & Coie, J. D. (1994). Emotional correlates of social competence in children's peer relationships. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 40, 1-20.
  34. Lemerise, E. A., Gregory, D. S., & Fredstrom, B. K. (2005). The influence of provocateurs' emotion displays on the social information processing of children varying in social adjustment and age. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 90, 344-366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2004.12.003
  35. Little, T. D., Jones, S. M., Henrich, C. C., & Hawley, P. H. (2003). Disentangling the "whys" from the "whal" of aggressive behavior. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 27, 122-133. https://doi.org/10.1080/01650250244000128
  36. Marsee & Frick (2007). Exploring the cognitive and emotional correlates to proactive and reactive aggression in a sample of detained girls. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 35, 969-981. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-007-9147-y
  37. McEvoy, M. A., Estrem, T. L., & Olsen, M. L. (2003). Assessing relational and physical aggression among preschool children : Intermethod agreement. Topics in Early childhood Special Education, 23, 53-63.
  38. Moffitt, T. E. (1993). Adolescence-limited and lifecourse-persistent antisocial behavior : A developmental taxonomy. Psychological Review, 100, 674-701.
  39. Ostrov, J. M., & Keating, C. F. (2004). Gender differences in preschool aggression during free play and structured interactions : An observational study. Social Development, 13, 255-277. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9507.2004.000266.x
  40. Orobio de Castro, B., Merk, W., Koops, W., Veerman, J., & Bosch, J. (2005). Emotions in sip and their relations with reactive and proactive aggression in referred aggressive boys. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34, 105-116. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15374424jccp3401_10
  41. Orobio de Castro, B., Veerman, J., Koops, W., Bosch, J., & Monshouwer, H. (2002). Hostile attribution of intent and aggressive behavior : A metaanalysis. Child Development, 73, 916-934. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00447
  42. Quiggle, N. L., Garber, J., Panak, W. F., & Dodge, K. A. (1992). Social information processing in aggressive and depressed children. Child Development, 63, 1305-1320. https://doi.org/10.2307/1131557
  43. Rothbart, M. K., Ahadi, S. A., & Hershey, K. L. (1994). Temperament and social behavior in childhood. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 40, 21-39.
  44. Saarni, C. (1999). The development of emotional competence. NY : Guilford.
  45. Schultz, D., Izard, C. E., & Bear, G. (2004). Children's emotion processing : Relations to emotionality and aggression. DeveIopment and Psychopathology, 16, 371-387.
  46. Shields, A., & Cicchetti, D. (1997). Emotion regulation among school-age children : The development and validation of a new criterion Q-sort scale. Child Development, 33, 906-916.
  47. Sullivan, T. N., Helms, S. W., Kliewer, W., & Goodman, K. (2010). Associations between sadness and anger regulation coping, emotional expression, and physical and relational aggression among urban adolescents. Social Development, 19, 30-51. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9507.2008.00531.x
  48. Tomada, G., &. Schneider, B. H. (1997). Relational aggression, sex, and peer acceptance : Invariance across culture, stability over time and concordance among informants. Developmental Psychology, 33, 601-609.
  49. Tremblay, R. E. (2000). The development of aggressive behaviour during childhood : What have we learned in the past century? International Journal of Behavioral Development, 24, 129-141. https://doi.org/10.1080/016502500383232
  50. Underwood, M. K. (2004). Gender and peer relations : Are the two gender cultures really all that different? In J. B. Kupersmidt &. K. A. Dodge (Eds.), Children's peer relations : From development to intervention (pp. 21-36). Washington, DC : APA Publications.
  51. Werner, R. S., Cassidy, K. W., &. Juliano, M. (2006). The role of social cognitive abilities in preschoolers' aggressive behaviour. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 24, 775-799. https://doi.org/10.1348/026151005X78799
  52. Werner, N., & Crick, R. (1999). Relational aggression and social-psychological adjustment in a college sample. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 108, 615-623.