The Effects of Relaxation on Stress and Blood Pressure Induced by Cognitive Distress Game among College Students

대학생에게 적용한 이완요법이 인지압박게임으로 인해 유발된 스트레스와 혈압에 미치는 영향

  • Song, Mi-Ryeong (Department of Nursing, Hoseo University, Nursing Research, Research Institute for Basic Science, Hoseo University) ;
  • Kim, Sung-Hee (GangNeung Asan Hospital)
  • Received : 2010.02.21
  • Accepted : 2010.04.01
  • Published : 2010.06.30

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of relaxation on stress and blood pressure of the college students induced by a cognitive distress game. Methods: The subjects for this research were 18 individuals whose stress index scores were below 4.0 (Asan city). The 18 subjects were divided into two, 9 students were assigned to the experimental group and the other 9 students to the control group randomly. Survey was used to gather data to recognize general characteristics and the level of stress and blood pressure were measured before and after cognitive distress game and relaxation. The gathered data were analyzed with frequency, $X^2$-test, Wilcoxon signed ranks test and Mann Whitney U test using SPSS 14.0 program. Results: Both level of stress and blood pressure displayed a statistically significant difference pre and post cognitive distress game. Relaxation had a statistically significant effect on level of stress. Relaxation, however, did not have statistically significant effect on blood pressure. Conclusion: The above results suggest that while relaxation was effective in reducing level of stress for college students, and therefore recommendable as a means to deal with stress. However, to investigate the effects on physiological index such as blood pressure, further research is needed.

Keywords

References

  1. Benson, H. (1975). The relaxation responses. New York, NY: Wiliam Morrow & Co.
  2. Choe, M. A., Hwang, A. R., & Kim, H. S. (1991). Clinical physiology in nursing. Seoul: Korean Nurses Association.
  3. Choi, H. J. (1985). A study on the effects of Benson's relaxation technique and GSR II biofeedback-aided relaxation on the level of psychological stress of nursing students. Unpublished master's thesis, Korea University, Seoul.
  4. Choi, M. O. (1995). An analysis study of children's problem solving process in the Tower of Hanoi task. Unpublished master's thesis, Dongduck Women's University, Seoul.
  5. Counseling & Play Therapy. (2010). Autogenic training. Retrieved April 15, 2010, from http://www.sangdam.kr/encyclopedia/de/relax7.html
  6. Ivancevich, J. M., Matteson M. T., Freedman S. M., & Phillips, J. S. (1990). Worksite stress managament interventions. American Psychology, 45, 252-261. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.45.2.252
  7. Jung, I. S. (2004). Effect of progressive muscle relaxation using biofeedback on perceived stress, stress response, immune response and climacteric symptoms of middle-aged women. Journal of korean Academy of Nursing, 34, 213-224. https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2004.34.2.213
  8. Kim, C. J., Hur, H. K., Kang, D. H., & Kim, B. H. (2004). Effects of psychosocial stress management on stress and coping in student nurses. Journal of Korean Academy of Adult Nursing, 16, 90-101.
  9. Kim, I. H. (1999). Effects of relaxation therapy and exercise therapy on catecholamine and heart rate response for job stress of white color workers. Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing, 6, 240-254.
  10. Kim, M. J., Park, H. S., Choi, S. H., Song, K. A., Kim, H. S., Nam, G. J., et al. (2005). Fundamentals of nursing. Seoul: Hyunmoonsa.
  11. Kim, S. H. (2000). The consideration of the relationship between stress and health in modern society. The Korea Journal of Sports Science, 9, 223-232.
  12. Korean International Labor Foundation. (2007). OECD suggestion for the problem of young adult NEET population in Korea. Retrieved November 5, 2009, from the Korean International Labor Foundation web site: http://www.koilaf.org/KFkor_new/korNews/bbs_read_dis.php?board_no=4751 &keyCode1=B
  13. Lee, C. H. (2007). The causes of stress and coping strategies among university students. Unpublished master's thesis, Daegu Haany University, Daegu.
  14. Lee, H. R. (2003). Effects of relaxing music on stress response of patients with acute myocardial infarction. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, 33, 693-704. https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2003.33.6.693
  15. Lee, M. J., & Hah, Y. S. (2008). The effect of relaxation training applied to psychiatric inpatients complaining of insomnia. Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing, 17, 35-45.
  16. Lee, W. R., Seo, J. D., Kang, D. M., Kang, I. S., Kang, J. H., Ko, E. M., et al. (2007). Clinical cardiology. Seoul: Korea Medical Publishing Company.
  17. Moon, T. Y., & Park, S. H. (2007). A study on the relationship of demographic characteristics to stressor and stress-coping behavior among university students. Journal of Sport and Leisure Studies, 30, 913-925.
  18. OECD. (2010). Country statistical profiles 2009. Retrieved April 1, 2010, from the OECD web site: http://stats.oecd.org/index.aspx? DataSetCode=CSP2009
  19. Park, H. J. (2002). A study on the types of life stress and stress coping styles of college students. Unpublished master's thesis, Sunchon National University, Suncheon.
  20. Park, J. M. (2000). The effect of the relaxing technique on the degree of stress of infertile women during pregnancy. Unpublished master's thesis, Hanyang University, Seoul.
  21. Park, M. S. (2005). Classification and evaluation of suicidal risk group, and application of group counseling for college students. Unpublished master's thesis, Jungang University, Seoul.
  22. Pickering, T. G., Hall, J. E., Appel, L. J., Falkner, B. E., Graves, J., Hill, M. N., et al. (2005). Recommendations for blood pressure measurement in humans and experimental animals. AHA scientific statement. Retrieved August, 10, 2007, from http://hyper.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/ full/45/1/142
  23. Potter, P. A., & Perry, A. G. (2005). Fundamentals of nursing (6th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby.
  24. Selye, H. (1965). The stress syndrome. American Journal of Nursing, 11, 91-98.
  25. Song, J. Y., & Won, H. T. (1988). The influences of the social support on performances of dual task and anxiety in stressful situation. Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 7, 21-30.
  26. The Federation of Korean Industries. (2009). Young adult NEET population in Korea. Retrieved November 6, 2009, from the The federation of Korean Industries web site: http://www.fki.or.kr/emagazine/ FileView.aspx?menu_id=100006&volumn_id=1262
  27. Walker, L. O., Fleschler, R. G., & Heaman, M. (1998). Is a healthy lifestyle related to stress, parenting confidence, and health symptoms among new fathers? Canadian Journal of Nursing Research, 30(3), 21- 36.
  28. Walker, S. N., Sechrist, K. R., & Pender, N. J. (1987). The healthpromoting lifestyle profile: development and psychometric characteristics. Nursing Research, 36(2), 76-81.
  29. Yoo, B. S. (2000). Effects of relaxation technique on elementary school students' vital sign and stress. Unpublished master's thesis, Chungnam National University, Daejeon.
  30. Yu, S. J. (2000). The effects of abdominal relaxed breathing training and self care education on blood pressure for elderly hypertensives, Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Seoul National University, Seoul.