Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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Influence of Gamma-Irradiation on the Growth of Aspergillus spp. on Feeds for Ensuring Feed Safety

사료의 안전성 확보를 위한 Aspergillus속 곰팡이의 생육에 대한 감마선 조사 효과

  • Nam, Bo-Ram (Division of Applied Life Science(BK21 program), Graduate School, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kim, Kyeong-Yeol (Division of Applied Life Science(BK21 program), Graduate School, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Ryu, Hee-Jeong (Division of Applied Life Science(BK21 program), Graduate School, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Nam, Min-Ji (Division of Applied Life Science(BK21 program), Graduate School, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Shim, Won-Bo (Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Yoon, Yo-Han (Team for Radiation Food Science and Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Jae-Hun (Team for Radiation Food Science and Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) ;
  • Lee, Ju-Woon (Team for Radiation Food Science and Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) ;
  • Byun, Myung-Woo (Team for Radiation Food Science and Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) ;
  • Chung, Duck-Hwa (Division of Applied Life Science(BK21 program), Graduate School, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 남보람 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부(BK 21 program)) ;
  • 김경열 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부(BK 21 program)) ;
  • 류희정 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부(BK 21 program)) ;
  • 남민지 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부(BK 21 program)) ;
  • 심원보 (경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 윤요한 (한국원자력연구원 방사선과학연구소 방사선식품생명공학연구실) ;
  • 김재훈 (한국원자력연구원 방사선과학연구소 방사선식품생명공학연구실) ;
  • 이주운 (한국원자력연구원 방사선과학연구소 방사선식품생명공학연구실) ;
  • 변명우 (한국원자력연구원 방사선과학연구소 방사선식품생명공학연구실) ;
  • 정덕화 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부(BK 21 program))
  • Received : 2009.12.24
  • Accepted : 2010.02.10
  • Published : 2010.06.30
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Abstract

Aspergillus spp. is widely spread in the world on feeds and foods. They have been known to produce aflatoxins, which are mutagenic and carcinogenic to humans. The objective of this study was to determine the optimum gamma-irradiation dose for controling the growth of Aspergillus spp. to ensure safety of feeds. Four species fungal spore ($10^7$ spore/mL) exposed to 0, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 kGy of gamma radiation were inhibited in their growth and $AFB_1$ productivity by ${\geq}5\;kGy$. Meantime, the growth of fungal inoculated on feeds was inhibited at ${\geq}3\;kGy$. However, $AFB_1$ presented in aqueous solution was not be inactivated completely by ${\leq}10\;kGy$ irradiation. These results indicate that Aspergillus spp. on feeds could be controlled by 5 kGy gamma-irradiation but detoxification of $AFB_1$ demands a higher dose of gamma-irradiation (${\geq}10\;kGy$).

사료의 생산환경과 저장상태에 따라 곰팡이가 곡류 및 사료에 오염될 가능성이 높으므로 사료에 대한 곰팡이 및 독소의 관리가 요구되고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 안전한 사료 생산을 위해 감마선을 이용하여 사료의 품질에 중요한 영향을 미치는 곰팡이와 곰팡이독소 제어에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 먼저, 곰팡이포자현탁액에 감마선을 조사했을 경우 곰팡이의 생육과 곰팡이독소 생성능은 5 kGy 이상의 선량에서 제어되었으며, 사료 속 곰팡이에 대한 감마선 감수성 확인은 0과 1 kGy 조사에서는 5.5-6.6 log CFU/g, 1.6-2.9 log CFU/g으로 감마선량 증가에 따라 곰팡이 수가 감소하였고 3 kGy 이상의 조사선량에서는 곰팡이가 생육하지 않았다. 그러나 $AFB_1$은 고선량(10 kGy)의 조사에서도 완전한 제거가 되지 않아 곰팡이독소의 제어를 위해서는 좀 더 높은 감마선량이 필요하므로 곰팡이독소의 제어보다는 곰팡이의 생육을 억제하는 것이 동물사료의 안전성을 확보하는데 효율적인 것으로 판단되었다. 결론적으로 사료 속에 $AFB_1$을 오염시킬 가능성이 있는 Aspergillus속 곰팡이는 5 kGy 이상의 감마선 조사로 효과적으로 제어할 수 있었으며, 사료의 안전성 확보를 위해서는 $AFB_1$ 생성 곰팡이뿐만 아니라, 주요 곰팡이독소인 ochratoxin A, zearalenone 등과 같은 독소생성 곰팡이의 생육억제를 위한 감마선 조사에 관한 연구와 사료업체의 적용 가능성에 관한 연구도 지속적으로 수행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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