다소비 수산식품 중 총수은 및 메틸수은 모니터링

Monitoring Total Mercury and Methylmercury in Commonly Consumed Aquatic Foods

  • 주현진 (경인지방식품의약품안전청 시험분석센터 수입식품분석과) ;
  • 노미정 (경인지방식품의약품안전청 시험분석센터 수입식품분석과) ;
  • 유지헌 (경인지방식품의약품안전청 시험분석센터 수입식품분석과) ;
  • 장영미 (경인지방식품의약품안전청 시험분석센터 수입식품분석과) ;
  • 박종석 (경인지방식품의약품안전청 시험분석센터 수입식품분석과) ;
  • 강명희 (경인지방식품의약품안전청 시험분석센터 수입식품분석과) ;
  • 김미혜 (경인지방식품의약품안전청 시험분석센터 수입식품분석과)
  • Joo, Hyun-Jin (Imported Food Analysis Division, Center for Food and Drug Analysis, Gyeongin Regional Korea Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Noh, Mi-Jung (Imported Food Analysis Division, Center for Food and Drug Analysis, Gyeongin Regional Korea Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Yoo, Ji-Heon (Imported Food Analysis Division, Center for Food and Drug Analysis, Gyeongin Regional Korea Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Jang, Young-Mi (Imported Food Analysis Division, Center for Food and Drug Analysis, Gyeongin Regional Korea Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Park, Jong-Seok (Imported Food Analysis Division, Center for Food and Drug Analysis, Gyeongin Regional Korea Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Kang, Myoung-Hee (Imported Food Analysis Division, Center for Food and Drug Analysis, Gyeongin Regional Korea Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Kim, Mee-Hye (Imported Food Analysis Division, Center for Food and Drug Analysis, Gyeongin Regional Korea Food and Drug Administration)
  • 투고 : 2009.11.03
  • 심사 : 2010.02.04
  • 발행 : 2010.06.30

초록

국내 유통되는 어류, 연체동물(두족류, 패류), 갑각류, 해조류에서 총 15종, 231건의 수산식품을 수거하여 총수은 및 메틸수은 오염량을 모니터링하고 조사대상 수산식품의 위해도를 평가하였다. 총수은 분석법(총수은분석기 사용)을 검토한 결과, 직선성($R^2$)은 0.999 이상이었고 검출 및 정량한계는 각각 $0.017\;{\mu}g/kg$, $0.051\;{\mu}g/kg$이었으며 표준인증물질 분석에 대한 정확도는 98% 이상이었다. 메틸수은 분석법(GC-ECD 사용)을 검토한 결과, 직선성($R^2$)은 0.990 이상이었고 회수율은 평균 70% 이상이었으며 검출 및 정량한계는 각각 0.003, 0.010 mg/kg이었다. 모니터링 결과, 수산식품 중 총수은 평균(단위: mg/kg)은 고등어 0.088, 갈치 0.061, 조기 0.030, 명태 0.032, 메기 0.059, 가물치 0.110, 오징어 0.030, 낙지 0.026, 꽃게 0.035, 굴 0.009, 바지락 0.011, 홍합 0.008, 미역 0.018, 김 0.007, 다시마 0.019 이었다. 메틸수은 평균(단위: mg/kg)은 고등어 0.034, 갈치 0.016, 조기 0.005, 명태 0.008, 메기 0.023, 가물치 0.045, 오징어 0.011, 낙지 0.009, 꽃게 0.008이었으며 굴, 바지락, 홍합, 미역, 김, 다시마에서는 검출되지 않았다. 본 연구에서 조사된 수산식품별 총수은 및 메틸수은의 오염량 평균과 국민건강영양조사의 일일식품섭취량을 근거로 하여 15종의 수산식품에서 섭취되는 총수은과 메틸수은의 총 주간추정섭취량(total estimated weekly intake)을 각각 산출하였다. 이를 JECFA의 PTWI(총수은: $5\;{\mu}g/kg$ b.w./week, 메틸수은: $1.6\;{\mu}g/kg$ b.w./week)와 비교했을 때 각각 3.57, 3.34% 수준으로서, 15종의 수산식품 섭취에 의한 수은 노출량은 낮은 수준으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 수은 섭취에 주로 기여하는 식품군이 수산식품이며 조사대상 수산식품 15종의 섭취량은 전체 수산식품 섭취량에서 높은 비중을 차지하는 것을 고려하였을 때 수은 오염에 대한 국내 유통 수산식품의 위해도는 낮은 것으로 판단된다.

Total mercury and methylmercury concentrations were determined in 15 commonly consumed aquatic food species using total mercury analyzer and gas chromatography with electron capture detector. The mean total mercury and methylmercury concentrations (mg/kg) were 0.088 and 0.034 in mackerel, 0.061 and 0.016 in hair tail, 0.030 and 0.005 in yellow croaker, 0.032 and 0.008 in Alaska pollock, 0.059 and 0.023 in eastern catfish, 0.110 and 0.045 in snakehead, 0.030 and 0.011 in Japanese common squid, 0.026 and 0.009 in common octopus, 0.035 and 0.008 in swimming crab, 0.009 and not detected (ND) in oyster, 0.011 and ND in shortneck clam, 0.008 and ND in mussel, 0.018 and ND in sea mustard, 0.007 and ND in nori, and 0.019 and ND in sea tangle, respectively. The total weekly dietary intakes of total mercury and methylmercury were estimated, respectively, using food consumption data from diet surveys and the concentrations of total mercury and methylmercury from this study. They were $0.178\;{\mu}g/kg$ body weight (b.w.)/week (3.57% of provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI)) and $0.052\;{\mu}g/kg$ b.w./week (3.34% of PTWI) respectively, and all were within their respective PTWI set by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). Therefore, considering that the main contributor to mercury intake in the diet is aquatic foods and that the 15 aquatic food species examined in this study are highly consumed, it is concluded that the mercury levels in the foods measured in this study do not present a concern for consumer health.

키워드

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