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The Effect of Makgeolli on Blood Flow, Serum Lipid Improvement and Inhibition of ACE in vitro

막걸리의 혈행, 지질개선 효과 및 in vitro에서의 ACE 저해 효과

  • Shin, Mi-Ok (Department of Food and Nutrition, Research Center for Mageolli-globalization. Silla University) ;
  • Kim, Mi-Hyang (Department of Food and Nutrition, Research Center for Mageolli-globalization. Silla University) ;
  • Bae, Song-Ja (Department of Food and Nutrition, Research Center for Mageolli-globalization. Silla University)
  • 신미옥 (신라대학교 식품영양학과, 막걸리세계화연구소) ;
  • 김미향 (신라대학교 식품영양학과, 막걸리세계화연구소) ;
  • 배송자 (신라대학교 식품영양학과, 막걸리세계화연구소)
  • Received : 2010.01.20
  • Accepted : 2010.04.15
  • Published : 2010.05.31

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Makgeolli (MG) and Makgeolli GiGemi (MGG) on blood flow, serum lipid improvement in vivo, and inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in vitro. The activities of serum AST and ALT were increased by ovariectomy. Serum AST levels were decreased to $77.71{\pm}13.97$ and $74.57{\pm}14.90\;unit/ml$ in the OVX-MG50 and OVX-MGG50 groups compared to the OVX-control group ($91.14{\pm}12.02\;unit/ml$). Serum ALT levels were decreased to $34.00{\pm}8.41$ and $30.43{\pm}3.60\;unit/ml$ in OVX-MG50 and OVX-MGG50 groups compared to the OVX-control group ($37.14{\pm}5.40\;unit/ml$). Serum total cholesterol and triglyceride contents decreased in the sham group compared with OVX-control group by ovariectomy. Six weeks feeding of MG and MGG resulted in a decrease to $116.14{\pm}36.02$ and $109.14{\pm}11.55\;mg/dl$ compared to the OVX-control group ($120.43{\pm}8.36\;mg/dl$) in serum total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were decreased to $52.43{\pm}12.41$ and $47.29{\pm}12.08\;mg/dl$ in the OVX-MG50 and OVX-MGG50 groups compared to the OVX-control group ($58.57{\pm}5.47\;mg/dl$). The level of HDL-cholesterol in the OVX-control group was significantly reduced to $51.29{\pm}20.49\;mg/dl$ compared to the sham group ($72.29{\pm}10.29\;mg/dl$), but it was increased to $70.71{\pm}19.53$ and $62.00{\pm}20.20\;mg/dl$ with MG and MGG supplementation. Furthermore, the effect of the MG group was higher than the MGG group. Microscopic observation showed that whole blood passed smoothly through the micro channels in the MG and MGG supplemented groups. The platelet aggregation ability of the groups treated with MG and MGG was less than that of the OVX-control group. In vitro assay, the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity was significantly inhibited by MG and MGG (82.6% and 68.9% inhibition at 0.4 g/ml). These results suggest that the beneficial effects of MG and MGG may be used to improve on the lipid metabolic syndrome of menopausal women. In addition, MG and MGG might improve blood homeostasis mediated activities via antiplatelets and MG and MGG may be used as antihypertensive functional foods and nutraceuticals.

막걸리와 막걸리지게미를 시료로 하여 난소를 절제하여 갱년기 장애를 유도한 흰쥐에 투여함으로써 난소절제에 의한 estrogen 결핍에서 발생되는 지질조성의 변화와 혈류 및 혈소판 응집능에 미치는 막걸리와 막걸리 지게미의 영향을 검토해 보았다. 난소절제에 의한 estrogen 결핍에서 발생되는 혈청 중의 AST와 ALT의 효소 활성은 막걸리와 막걸리 지게미 농축물을 각각 투여하였을 때, 모두 Sham군과 비슷하게 감소하였으며, TG, TCHO 및 HDL농도의 변화를 알아본 결과, 난소를 절제한 OVX-control군이 난소를 절제하지 않은 Sham군과 비교해 TG와 TCHO의 함량이 증가하였고 막걸리와 막걸리 지게미 농축물을 투여한 군에서는 OVX-control군에 비해 감소하였다. 그러나 혈청 중 좋은 콜레스테롤인 HDL의 농도는 막걸리와 막걸리 지게미 농축물의 투여로 증가함을 알수 있었다. 그리고 막걸리 농축물과 막걸리 지게미 농축물의 효소활성과 지질개선 효과를 비교해 볼 때, 막걸리 농축물 투여군이 막걸리 지게미 농축물 투여군보다 조금 더 증가되는 경향을 보였다. 혈류 및 혈소판 응집에 미치는 영향에 대한 결과는 막걸리와 막걸리 지게미 농축물 투여로 인해 OVX-control군보다 혈류속도가 빨라짐을 확인할 수 있었고, 막걸리 농축물과 막걸리 지게미 농축물 중 막걸리 농축물 투여군이 막걸리 지개미 농축물 투여군 보다 빠른 혈류 개선 효과 즉 높은 혈액 유동성을 나타내었다. 그리고 난소절제로 증가되어진 혈소판 응집현상도 막걸리와 막걸리 지게미 농축물 투여로 인하여 감소되어 혈소판 응집 억제 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 in vitro 실험에서 막걸리와 막걸리 지게미 농축물의 투여로 인한 ACE 활성 저해 효과도 확인하였으며, 막걸리와 막걸리 지게미 농축물을 비교하여 볼 때 막걸리 지게미 농축물보다 막걸리 농축물에서 더욱 높은 ACE 활성저해 효과를 보였다. 이상으로 in vitro에서의 ACE 저해 효과와 더불어 동물실험에서 막걸리와 막걸리 지게미 농축물이 혈청 중의 효소활성과 지질조성의 변화를 나타내어 지질개선효과를 볼 수 있었으며, 혈류 속도 증가와 혈소판 응집 억제 효과도 함께 보여 혈행 개선 효과도 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고 전반적인 실험결과에서 막걸리 농축물이 막걸리 지게미 농축물보다 조금 더 효과 있는 결과를 보였는데 이는 막걸리 농축물속에 발효를 통한 부유물의 여러 유효성분들이 더 많을 것으로 추정되고, 여러 가지 생리활성에도 영향을 준 결과로 사료되어진다. 또한 본 연구에서 시료로 사용된 페기 되어지는 막걸리 지게미 농축물에서도 막걸리 농축물보다는 낮은 효과이지만 생리활성을 보인 것으로 보아 막걸리지게미를 이용한 고부가가치 활용방안도 기대되어진다.

Keywords

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